大哈门水库除险加固的思考

为保障大哈门水库的稳定与安全,对大哈门水库的现状,即稳定、防渗等进行浅析,并提出相关意见和措施,以促进大哈门水库的安全运行。

哈门——雷默德威龙合并

7月17日在德国慕尼黑/霍尔茨名登,北欧私营投资基金(EQT)和拜尔集团签署了一份协议,获得了世界第五大香料公司一 Haarmann &Reimer(H&R)。同时,EQT 还获得了其竞争者——

肠道寄生虫检查中的一种实用检索法

目前在全国范围进行人体寄生虫分布调查的重点内容是以多种粪检方法调查肠道寄生虫,涉及70多种蠕虫卵,约20种原虫和7种线虫丝状蚴的鉴别。大多数寄生虫病防治专业人员,以往只习惯于一种或少数几种寄生虫的调查,现在要同时鉴别如此多的虫种,普遍感到困难。近年来,我们通过学习有关文献,几十个现场调查点的实践和全国性讲习班及多省、区培训班讲课,总结归纳出用一条主线两条支线分隔法以区别阿米巴包囊,蠕虫卵和线虫丝状蚴的检索方法。暂称之为Y型检索法。其实质是找出最能区分包囊(虫卵、幼虫)的一级主要特征作为主线。

烟台市人体肠道寄生感染情况调查

1988年4～5月,随机抽取我市的龙口、蓬莱、莱阳三县、市,采用碘液直接涂片法、改良加藤氏法。

潍坊市潍城区人体肠道寄生虫调查报告

受检的2568人中,查见蛔虫、钩虫(包括美洲钩虫、十二指肠钩虫)、鞭虫、阿米巴原虫(包括溶组织内阿米巴、结肠内阿米巴、哈门氏阿米巴)、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫等不同程度感染1107人,总感染率43.11％,其中蛔虫541人(21.07％),钩虫275人(10.71％),鞭虫165人(6.43％),阿米巴原虫176人(6.85％),蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫91人(3.54％)。

Loss of FHIT expression in gastric mucosa of patients with family histories of gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori infection

AIM: To answer the question whether FHIT gene expression is affected by the family history of gastric carcinoma and the presence of Helicobacter pylori (Hpylori) in the gastric mucosa of patients with dyspepsia.METHODS: FHIT gene expression in two different topographic sites of the gastric mucosa of twenty-one patients with dyspepsia and with or without familial gastric carcinoma, infected or not infected with H pylori, was evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and IMAGE QUANT methods. A rapid urease test and histopathological examination were used to determine H pylori colonization.RESULTS: In the gastric mucosa of patients with family histories of gastric carcinoma, the amount of FHIT protein mRNA was reduced down to 32%, and for patients with H pylori colonization, to 24% in comparison to controls with dyspepsia and without cancer in the family. FHIT expression was independent of the topography of specimens (corpus vsantrum), and for the control patients it was less sensitive to infection with H pylori. A considerable statistical difference in FHIT levels was observed in the gastric mucosa from the corpus of patients with family histories of gastric carcinoma in respect to H pylori colonization (P = 0.06). Macroscopic evaluation of the gastric mucosa demonstrated that pathologic changes classified according to the Sydney system had no significant influence on FHIT expression within each tested group of patients.CONCLUSION: Loss of FHIT expression was observed in patients with dyspepsia and family histories of gastric carcinoma, especially those infected with H pylori. Such results may constitute an early indication of the development of gastric carcinoma, which is associated with family factors including heredity and H pylori infection. The loss of the FHIT gene may serve as a marker for early diagnosis and prevention of gastric carcinoma, especially in context of early monitoring of H pylori infection in individuals with a record of familial stomach cancer.

Helicobacter pyloriseroprevalence in patients with lung cancer

AIM:To assess Helicobacter pylori(Hpylon)seroprevalence in a cohort of Greek patients with lung cancer. METHODS:Seventy-two lung cancer patients(55 males and 17 females,aged 58.2±11.7 years)and 68,age and gender-matched,control subjects were enrolled.All subjects underwent an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IgG serologic test for Hpylori diagnosis. RESULTS:A correlation between age and HpyloriIgG level was detected for both lung cancer patients(r=0.42, P=0.004)and controls(r=0.44,P=0.004).Seropositivity for Hpyloridid not differ significantly between patients with lung cancer and controls(61.1% vs 55.9%,P>0.05). Concerning the mean serum concentration of IgG antibodies against Hpylori,no significant difference between the two groups was detected(32.6±19.1 vs 27.4±18.3 U/mL, P>0.05). CONCLUSION:No significant association between Hpylori infection and lung cancer was found.

Helicobacter pyloriin gastric corpus of patients 20 years after partial gastric resection

AIM:To determine the long-term prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)gastritis in patients after partial gastric resection due to peptic ulcer,and to compare the severity of Hpylori-positive gastritis in the corpus mucosa between partial gastrectomy patients and matched controls. METHODS:Endoscopic biopsies were obtained from 57 patients after partial gastric resection for histological examination using hematoxylin/eosin and Warthin-Starry staining.Gastritis was graded according to the updated Sydney system.Severity of corpus gastritis was compared between Hpylori-positive partial gastrectomy patients and Hpylori-positive duodenal ulcer patients matched for age and gender. RESULTS:In partial gastrectomy patients,surgery was performed 20 years(median)prior to evaluation.In 25 patients(43.8%)Hpyloriwas detected histologically in the gastric remnant.Gastric atrophy was more common in H pylori-positive compared to H pylori-negative partial gastrectomy patients(P<0.05).The severity of corpus gastritis was significantly lower in Hpylori-positive partial gastrectomy patients compared to duodenal ulcer patients (P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the activity of gastritis,atrophy and intestinal metaplasia between the two groups. CONCLUSION:The long-term prevalence of Hpylorigastritis in the gastric corpus of patients who underwent partial gastric resection due to peptic ulcer disease is comparable to the general population.The expression of Hpylorigastritis in the gastric remnant does not resemble the gastric cancer phenotype.

Lack of association between seroprevalence of Helicobacterpylori infection and primary biliary cirrhosis

AIM:To determine the association between seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)infection and primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC). METHODS:In this case-control study,149 consecutive patients(10 males,139 females,mean age 58.2±11 years, range 26-82 years)suffering from PBC and 619 consecutive healthy volunteer blood donors(523 males,96 females, mean age 47±5.3 years,range 18-65 years)attending the Hospital Blood Bank and residing in the same area were recruited.A commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect anti-H pylori(IgG)antibodies in serum. RESULTS:AnUbodies to Hpyloriwere present in 78(52.3%) out of 149 PBC-patients and in 291(47%)out of 619 volunteers(P=0.24,OR 1.24,95% CI 0.85-1.80).In the subjects less than 60 years old,the prevalence of H pylori infection among PBC-patients(40/79)was slightly higher than in controls(50.6% vs 46.2%)P=0.46,OR=1.19,95% CI:0.72-1.95).In those over 60 years,the prevalence of Hpylori infection was similar between PBC-patients and controls(54.2% vs57.8%,P=0.7,OR 0.86,95% CI 0.36- 2.07). CONCLUSION:There is no association between seroprevalence of H pylori in fection and primary biliary cirrhosis.

Effects of Helicobacterpyloriinfection on gastric emptying rate in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia

AIM:The pathogenesis of delayed gastric emptying in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia(NUD)remains unclear. We aimed to examine whether gastric emptying rate in NUD patients was associated with Helicobacter pylori(Hpylori) infection and whether it was affected by eradication of the infection. METHODS:Gastric emptying rate of a mixed solid-liquid meal was assessed by the paracetamol absorption method in NUD patients and asymptomatic controls(n=17).Hpylori status was assessed by serology and biopsy urease test. H pylori-positive NUD patients(n=23)received 10-day triple eradication therapy.Hpyloristatus was re-assessed by biopsy urease test four weeks later,and if eradication was confirmed,gastric emptying rate was re-evaluated. RESULTS:Thirty-three NUD patients and 17 controls were evaluated.NUD patients had significantly delayed gastric emptying compared with controls.The mean maximum plasma paracetamol concentration divided by body mass (Cmax/BM)was 0.173 and 0.224 mg/L.kg respectively (P=0.02),the mean area under plasma paracetamol concentration-time curve divided by body mass(AUC/BM) was 18.42 and 24.39 mg.min/L.kg respectively(P=0.01). Gastric emptying rate did not differ significantly between H pylori-positive and H pylori-negative NUD patients.The mean Cmax/BM was 0.172 and 0.177 mg/L·kg respectively (P=0.58),the mean AUC/BM was 18.43 and 18.38 mg·min/ L·kg respectively(P=0.91).Among 14 NUD patients who were initially H pylori-positive,confirmed eradication of the infection did not significantly alter gastric emptying rate. The mean Cmax/BM was 0.171 and 0.160 mg/L.kg before and after Hp eradication,respectively(P=0.64),the mean AUC/BM was 17.41 and 18.02 mg.min/L.kg before and after eradication,respectively(P=0.93). CONCLUSION:Although gastric emptying is delayed in NUD patients compared with controls,gastric emptying rate is not associated with H pylori status nor it is affected by eradication of the infection.

Comparison of three PCR methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA and detection of cagA gene in gastric biopsy specimens

AIM:To comparatively evaluate PCR and other diagnostic methods (the rapid urease test and/or culture) in order to determine which of the three PCR methods (ureA,glmM and 26-kDa,SSA gene) was most appropriate in the diagnosis of Helicobacterpylori(Hpylori) infection and also to evaluate the detection of a putative virulence marker of H pylori,the cage,gene,by PCR in biopsy specimens. METHODS:One hundred and eighty-nine biopsy specimens were collected from 63 patients (three biopsies each) undergoing upper gastroduodenal endoscopy for various dyspeptic symptoms.The PCR methods used to detect H pylori DNA directly from biopsies were the glmM,26-kDa, ureA and then cagA was used to compare the culture technique and CLO for urease with the culture technique being used as the gold standard. RESULTS:Thirty-five percent of the biopsies were positive for H pylori DNA using the 3 PCR methods,while 68% of these were positive for the cagA gene.Twenty-four percent of the biopsies were negative for H pylori DNA in all PCR methods screened.The remaining 41% were either positive for ureA gene only,glmM only,26-kDa only,or ureA+glmM, ureA+26-kDa,glmM+26-kDa.Out of the 35% positive biopsies,41% and 82% were positive by culture and CLO respectively,while all negative biopsies were also negative by culture and cagA.Cag A+ infection was also predominantly found in H pylori DNA of the biopsies irrespective of the clinical diagnosis. CONCLUSION:This method is useful for correctly identifying infections caused by H pylori and can be easily applied in our laboratory for diagnostic purposes.

Neither gastric topological distribution nor principle virulence genes of Helicobacter pylori contributes to clinical outcomes

AIM: Studies on Helicobacter pylori (H pylon) and gastroduodenal diseases have focused mainly on the distal sites of the stomach, but relationship with the gastric cardia is lacking. The aim of this study is to determine if the gastric topology and genotypic distribution of Hpyloriwere associated with different upper gastrointestinal pathologies in a multiethnic Asian population. METHODS: Gastric biopsies from the cardia, body/corpus and antrum were endoscoped from a total of 155 patients with dyspepsia and/or reflux symptoms, with informed consent. H pylori isolates obtained were tested for the presence of 26kDa, ureC, cagA, vacA, iceA1, iceA2 and babA2 genes using PCR while DNA fingerprints were generated using random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD). RESULTS: Hpyloriwas present in 51/155 (33%) of patients studied. Of these, 16, 15 and 20 were isolated from patients with peptic ulcer diseases, gastroesophageal reflux diseases and non-ulcer dyspepsia, respectively. Of the Hpyloripositive patients, 75% (38/51) had Hpyloriin all three gastric sites. The prevalence of various genes in the H pylori isolates was shown to be similar irrespective of their colonization sites as well as among the same site of different patients. The RAPD profiles of H pylori isolates from different gastric sites were highly similar among intra-patients but varied greatly between different patients. CONCLUSION: Topographic colonization of H pylori and the virulence genes harboured by these isolates have no direct bearing to the clinical state of the patients. In multiethnic Singapore, the stomach of each patient is colonized by a predominant strain of H pylori，irrespective of the clinical diagnosis.

Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura

AIM:To compare the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hpylon)infection in autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP)patients with that of nonthrombocytopenic controls, and to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment in H pylori(+) and H pylor(-)AITP patients. METHODS:The prevalence of gastric H pylori infection in 38 adult AITP patients(29 female and 9 male;median age 27 years;range 18-39 years)who consecutively admitted to our clinic was investagated. RESULTS:H pylori infection was found in 26 of 38 AITP patients(68.5%).H pylori infection was found in 15 of 23 control subjects(65.2%).The difference in H pylori infection between the 2 groups was not significant.Thrombocyte count of H pylori-positive AITP patients was significantly lower than that of H pylori-negative AITP patients(P<0.05). Thrombocyte recovery of H pylori-positive group was less than that of H pylori-negative group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:H pylori infection should be considerecd in the treatment of AITP patients with H pylori infection.

Elementary Quantum Gates Based on Intrinsic Interaction Hamiltonian

A kind of new operators, the generalized pseudo-spin operators are introduced and a universad intrinsic Hamiltonian of two-qubit interaction is studied in terms of the generalized pseudo-spin operators. A fundamental quantum gate U（θ） is constructed based on the universal Hamiltonian and shown that the roles of the new quantum gate U （θ） is equivalent, functionally, to the joint operation of Hadamard and C-Not gates.

Detection of anti-Helicobacter pyloriantibodies in serum and duodenal fluid in peptic gastroduodenal disease

AIM:To study the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) infection through the determination of serum levels of anti- H pylori IgG and IgA antibodies,and the levels of anti-H pylori IgA antibodies in duodenal fluid. METHODS:Data were collected from 93 patients submitted to upper digestive endoscopy due to dyspeptic symptoms. The patients were either negative(group A)or positive (group B)to H pylori by means of both histological detection and urease tests.Before endoscopy,peripheral blood was collected for the investigation of anti-H pylori IgG and IgA antibodies.To perform the urease test,biopsies were obtained from the gastric antrum.For the histological evaluation,biopsies were collected from the gastric antrum (greater and lesser curvatures)and the gastric body. Following this,duodenal fluid was collected from the first and second portions of the duodenum.For the serological assaying of anti-Hpylori IgG and IgA,and anti-Hpylori IgA in duodenal fluids,the ELISA method was utilized. RESULTS:The concentration of serum IgG showed sensitivity of 64.0%,specificity of 83.7%,positive predictive value of 82.0%,negative predictive value of 66.6% and accuracy of 73.1% for the diagnosis of H pylori infection.For the same purpose,serum IgA showed sensitivity of 72.0%, specificity of 65.9%,positive predictive value of 72.0%, negative predictive value of 67.4% and accuracy of 69.8%. If the serological tests were considered together,i.e.when both were positive or negative,the accuracy was 80.0%, sensitivity was 86.6%,specificity was 74.2%,positive predictive value was 74.2% and negative predictive value was 86.6%.When values obtained in the test for detecting IgA in the duodenal fluid were analyzed,no significant difference(P=0.43)was observed between the values obtained from patients with or without H pylori infection. CONCLUSION:The results of serum IgG and IgA tests for H pylori detection when used simultaneously,are more efficient in accuracy,sensitivity and negative predictive value, than those when used alone.The concentration of IgA antibodies in duodenal fluid is not useful in identifying patients with or without H pylori.

Speed Geometric Quantum Logical Gate Based on Double-Hamiltonian Evolution under Large-Detuning Cavity QED Model

We introduce the double-Hamiltonian evolution technique approach to investigate the unconventional geometric quantum logical gate with dissipation under the model of many identical three-level atoms in a cavity~ driven by a classical fieM. Our concrete calculation is made for the case of two atoms for the large-detuning interaction of the atoms with the cavity mode. The main advantage of our scheme is of eliminating the photon flutuation in the cavity mode during the gating. The corresponding analytical results will be helpful for experimental realization of speed geometric quantum logical gate in real cavities.

Effect of biopsies on sensitivity and specificity of ultra-rapid urease test for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection:A prospective evaluation

AIM:To prospectively assess the sensitivity,specificity and time to positivity of theUltra-rapid urease test (URUT) for Helicobacter pylori(H pylori),and compare the results of one with those of two biopsies. METHODS:Five antral biopsies were taken in consecutive patients undergoing upper endoscopy:one and two biopsies for URUT,and one each for H pylori culture and histology. URUT was read at 1,5,10,20 and 30 min,1,2,3 and 24 h after biopsy insertion into the reagent.A positive histology and/or culture was used as positive reference“gold standards”. RESULTS:URUT was more sensitive for detecting Hpylori with two biopsies rather than one,at all time points up to 120 min.The sensitivity improved from 3.6% to 82.1% for one biopsy and 10.7% to 85.7% for two biopsies from 1 to 120 min.The sensitivity reached 96.4% at 24 h for both, but the specificity reduced from 100% to 96% and 92% for one and two biopsies,respectively. CONCLUSION:Development of a positive URUT result is hastened by doubling the number of gastric biopsies.We recommend taking two instead of one biopsy to achieve an earlier positive URUT result so that H pylori eradication therapy can be initiated before patient is discharged from the endoscopy suite.

Accuracy of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen for the detection of Helicobacter py/ori infection in dyspeptic patients

AIM: The premier platinum Helicobacter pylon (Hpylori) stool antigen (HpSA) test is an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that detects an Hpyloriantigen present in human stools. However, at present there is no uniformity about the cut off level required to consider the test as positive or negative. So we need the cut off level for our local population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HpSA for the detection of H pylori infection in dyspeptic patients and to determine the sensitivity, specificity of the HpSA test in the diagnosis of H pylori infection, as compared to other standardized diagnostic techniques. METHODS: Sixty-three dyspeptic patients were selected from patients who came to the Division of Gastrointestinal Clinic in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. H pylori infection was confirmed in all patients by histology and rapid urease test (CLO test). Positive results for H pylori were based on positive results from both rapid urea test and microscopic detection of H pylori. Stool specimens were analyzed for H pylori antigen using HpSA immunoassay. RESULTS: A total 63 patients consisted of 31 (49.2%) males and 32 (50.8%) females ranging in ages between 16 and 73 years with a mean age of 42.4±15 years. The mean age of men was 43.2±15.7 years and women was 41.6±14.4 years. Endoscopic findings in this study included gastric cancer 1.6%, peptic ulcer 4.8%, duodenal ulcer 7.9%, esophagitis 6.3%, gastritis 77.7%, and gastroduodenitis 4.8%. According to the predefined study criteria, 6 (9.5%) of 63 patients were positive for H pylori. In the diagnosis of infection, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the HpSA test was 0.722 (95% CI, 0.518-0.927). Using a cut-off value of 0.274 instead of 0.16 (as recommended by the manufacturer) the sensitivity and the specificity were 66.7% and 78.9% respectively. CONCLUSION: The HpSA stool test, using a cut-off value of 0.274, may be useful for the primary diagnosis of H pylori infection, its specificity is similar to other Standard tests but its sensitivity was lower.