由于有较高的比表面积、吸附效率高、去除效果好,活性炭吸附法已在造纸废水处理技术中应用和推广。本文阐述了活性炭的吸附机理,探究和比较了自制的造纸泥质炭和商品活性炭对造纸中段废水的处理效果。通过对处理造纸工业废水最佳工艺的...由于有较高的比表面积、吸附效率高、去除效果好,活性炭吸附法已在造纸废水处理技术中应用和推广。本文阐述了活性炭的吸附机理,探究和比较了自制的造纸泥质炭和商品活性炭对造纸中段废水的处理效果。通过对处理造纸工业废水最佳工艺的探究,得出泥质炭处理造纸工业废水的最佳工艺条件为:用量0.4g/L,吸附温度20℃,吸附时间70m i n,C OD去除效率达41.16%,SS去除率29.98%,色度去除率84%,TOC去除效率达56.96%。结果证明:自制泥质炭可以作为一种高效、安全、经济和可行的商品活性炭替代品用于造纸工业等含有大分子污染物废水的处理,从而实现污泥的低品质高值化利用。展开更多
Coal is the principal form of energy used in China. Hence, coal price variations are expected to have some influence on merchandise prices. Monthly data from January, 2002, to October, 2010, were used to construct a v...Coal is the principal form of energy used in China. Hence, coal price variations are expected to have some influence on merchandise prices. Monthly data from January, 2002, to October, 2010, were used to construct a varying-parameter state space model, and an error correction model, to estimate the influence of coat prices on Chinese merchandise prices. The time lag and the dynamic relationship were determined from the data. A long term equilibrium relationship between coal price and the PPI, and the CPI, can be observed. The long term influence of coal price fluctuations on the PPI is 0.263%. The corresponding value for the CPI is 0.157%. The PPI shows an influence from coal price change in the first period of observation： by eight periods the influence is obvious, after which it diminishes. The effect of coal price change on the CPI is rather weak and has no long term memory. Analysis of variance shows a similar situation. The elas- ticity coefficient of coal prices on the CPI, or the PPI, fluctuates over the 2002-2004 period. From 2002 to 2007 the influence elasticity on the CPI declined and subsequently levelled off after 2009.展开更多
The authors investigated the plant species used for charcoal production and their sources and the willingness of the producers to plant charcoal-making species. Furthermore, the authors indirectly determined the invol...The authors investigated the plant species used for charcoal production and their sources and the willingness of the producers to plant charcoal-making species. Furthermore, the authors indirectly determined the involvement of farmers in charcoal production in Atwima Mponua District of Ghana. A total of 120 producers were interviewed and simple ranking was used for the analysis. Twenty-three plant species were used with the first, second, third and fourth which were Celtis mildbraediL Cylicodiscus gabunensis, Margaritoria discoides and Amphimas pterocarpoides respectively. However, the Amphimas pterocarpoides was not among the traditional charcoal-producing species. The wood used came from seven different sources. None of the charcoal producers had a plantation of charcoal-producing species. Only 13 % of the producers were willing to plant, 87% of them who were not willing to plant indicated that they would leave charcoal production if the resource got finished. The 120 charcoal producers were made up roughly of 56% males, and 44% females and in which 69.2% of them were farmers.展开更多
文摘由于有较高的比表面积、吸附效率高、去除效果好,活性炭吸附法已在造纸废水处理技术中应用和推广。本文阐述了活性炭的吸附机理,探究和比较了自制的造纸泥质炭和商品活性炭对造纸中段废水的处理效果。通过对处理造纸工业废水最佳工艺的探究,得出泥质炭处理造纸工业废水的最佳工艺条件为:用量0.4g/L,吸附温度20℃,吸附时间70m i n,C OD去除效率达41.16%,SS去除率29.98%,色度去除率84%,TOC去除效率达56.96%。结果证明:自制泥质炭可以作为一种高效、安全、经济和可行的商品活性炭替代品用于造纸工业等含有大分子污染物废水的处理,从而实现污泥的低品质高值化利用。
基金support for this work, provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71003097)Jiangsu Province Social Science Foundation (No. 10EYD025)2008 China University of Mining and Technology Youth Foundation Program (No.2008W04)
文摘Coal is the principal form of energy used in China. Hence, coal price variations are expected to have some influence on merchandise prices. Monthly data from January, 2002, to October, 2010, were used to construct a varying-parameter state space model, and an error correction model, to estimate the influence of coat prices on Chinese merchandise prices. The time lag and the dynamic relationship were determined from the data. A long term equilibrium relationship between coal price and the PPI, and the CPI, can be observed. The long term influence of coal price fluctuations on the PPI is 0.263%. The corresponding value for the CPI is 0.157%. The PPI shows an influence from coal price change in the first period of observation： by eight periods the influence is obvious, after which it diminishes. The effect of coal price change on the CPI is rather weak and has no long term memory. Analysis of variance shows a similar situation. The elas- ticity coefficient of coal prices on the CPI, or the PPI, fluctuates over the 2002-2004 period. From 2002 to 2007 the influence elasticity on the CPI declined and subsequently levelled off after 2009.
文摘The authors investigated the plant species used for charcoal production and their sources and the willingness of the producers to plant charcoal-making species. Furthermore, the authors indirectly determined the involvement of farmers in charcoal production in Atwima Mponua District of Ghana. A total of 120 producers were interviewed and simple ranking was used for the analysis. Twenty-three plant species were used with the first, second, third and fourth which were Celtis mildbraediL Cylicodiscus gabunensis, Margaritoria discoides and Amphimas pterocarpoides respectively. However, the Amphimas pterocarpoides was not among the traditional charcoal-producing species. The wood used came from seven different sources. None of the charcoal producers had a plantation of charcoal-producing species. Only 13 % of the producers were willing to plant, 87% of them who were not willing to plant indicated that they would leave charcoal production if the resource got finished. The 120 charcoal producers were made up roughly of 56% males, and 44% females and in which 69.2% of them were farmers.
