Availability of clean water is going to become one of biggest demands of the country. Even though there arc various technologies available for purification of water harnessing solar energy fits the purpose for future ...Availability of clean water is going to become one of biggest demands of the country. Even though there arc various technologies available for purification of water harnessing solar energy fits the purpose for future problems. Distillation is one of many processes available for water purification, and solar energy is one of several forms of heat energy that can be used to energize this process. In this review a study is made to enhance the productivity of the solar stills by connecting solar still with latent heat storage and solar air heater in series and other factors like improving evaporation rate by maintaining Low depth, more exposure area, heat addition by solar collector and presence of latent heat storage material, which is a paraffin wax as a integral part of still. Latent heat storage is one of the most efficient ways of storing thermal energy. Unlike the sensible heat storage method, the latent heat storage method provides much higher storage density, with a smaller temperature difference between storing and releasing heat. Further augmentation of the yield by scraps, pebble, and sand are added.展开更多
Functional polymeric materials with electrical bi-stable states possess significant potential for high-density data storage due to their nanoscale memory site,threedimensional-stacking ability and intrinsic flexibilit...Functional polymeric materials with electrical bi-stable states possess significant potential for high-density data storage due to their nanoscale memory site,threedimensional-stacking ability and intrinsic flexibility.Aromatic polyimides bearing donor-acceptor(D-A)skeleton could form the charge transfer complex(CTC)under an electrical field,leading to their feasibility as memory materials.Three novel porphyrinated polyimides DATPP-DSDA,Zn-DATPP-DSDA and Mn-DATPP-DSDA were designed and synthesized for information memory applications.Metal ions with different electron configurations at 3 d orbital have a determining influence on memory behaviors of polyimides:nonvolatile write-once-read-many-times memory(WORM)for DATPP-DSDA,volatile static random access memory(SRAM)for Zn-DATPP-DSDA,but no memory performance for Mn-DATPP-DSDA.By comparing the contribution of orbital transition and hole-electron distribution of chargetransfer excited states,roles of metal ions in regulating memory types were discussed.Molecular simulation results indicate that the Zn ion could play a bridge role in paving the route for excited electrons from a D to an A,while a trap role for the Mn ion in hindering this process.This study proves the feasibility of the strategy for modulating the memory behaviors of porphyrinated polyimides by varying the central metal ion and provides the exact effects of various metal ions on regulating charge transfer processes.展开更多
Nanostructured Mn3O4 was introduced to activated C （AC） by a novel sonochemical reaction, and the resulting nanocomposites were examined as supercapacitor electrodes. The sonication not only catalyzed the redox reac...Nanostructured Mn3O4 was introduced to activated C （AC） by a novel sonochemical reaction, and the resulting nanocomposites were examined as supercapacitor electrodes. The sonication not only catalyzed the redox reaction but also promoted the diffusion of the precursors, causing the formation of coherent nanocomposites with Mn3O4 nanoparticles grown and uniformly distributed inside the mesopores of the AC. In addition, the extreme local condition in the sonochemical synthesis yielded an excessive amount of divalent manganese ions and oxygen vacancies. This novel microstructure endowed the sample with a superior performance, including a specific capacitance of 150 F/g compared with the value of 93 F/g for AC at a charge/discharge rate of 100 mA/g. A Li-ion capacitor delivered an energy density of 68 Wh/kg, compared with 41 Wh/kg for the AC capacitor at a power density of 210 W/kg.展开更多
文摘Availability of clean water is going to become one of biggest demands of the country. Even though there arc various technologies available for purification of water harnessing solar energy fits the purpose for future problems. Distillation is one of many processes available for water purification, and solar energy is one of several forms of heat energy that can be used to energize this process. In this review a study is made to enhance the productivity of the solar stills by connecting solar still with latent heat storage and solar air heater in series and other factors like improving evaporation rate by maintaining Low depth, more exposure area, heat addition by solar collector and presence of latent heat storage material, which is a paraffin wax as a integral part of still. Latent heat storage is one of the most efficient ways of storing thermal energy. Unlike the sensible heat storage method, the latent heat storage method provides much higher storage density, with a smaller temperature difference between storing and releasing heat. Further augmentation of the yield by scraps, pebble, and sand are added.
基金sincerely appreciate the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51673017 and 62004138)Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS202006)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XK1802-2)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 program,2014CB643604)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province(BK20140006)。
文摘Functional polymeric materials with electrical bi-stable states possess significant potential for high-density data storage due to their nanoscale memory site,threedimensional-stacking ability and intrinsic flexibility.Aromatic polyimides bearing donor-acceptor(D-A)skeleton could form the charge transfer complex(CTC)under an electrical field,leading to their feasibility as memory materials.Three novel porphyrinated polyimides DATPP-DSDA,Zn-DATPP-DSDA and Mn-DATPP-DSDA were designed and synthesized for information memory applications.Metal ions with different electron configurations at 3 d orbital have a determining influence on memory behaviors of polyimides:nonvolatile write-once-read-many-times memory(WORM)for DATPP-DSDA,volatile static random access memory(SRAM)for Zn-DATPP-DSDA,but no memory performance for Mn-DATPP-DSDA.By comparing the contribution of orbital transition and hole-electron distribution of chargetransfer excited states,roles of metal ions in regulating memory types were discussed.Molecular simulation results indicate that the Zn ion could play a bridge role in paving the route for excited electrons from a D to an A,while a trap role for the Mn ion in hindering this process.This study proves the feasibility of the strategy for modulating the memory behaviors of porphyrinated polyimides by varying the central metal ion and provides the exact effects of various metal ions on regulating charge transfer processes.
基金This work was supported by the ＂Thousands Talents＂ Program for Pioneer Researcher and His Innovation Team, China. This work was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.51374029）, Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University （No. NCET-13-0668）, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （No. FRF-TP-14-008C1） and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （No. 2014M550675）.
文摘Nanostructured Mn3O4 was introduced to activated C （AC） by a novel sonochemical reaction, and the resulting nanocomposites were examined as supercapacitor electrodes. The sonication not only catalyzed the redox reaction but also promoted the diffusion of the precursors, causing the formation of coherent nanocomposites with Mn3O4 nanoparticles grown and uniformly distributed inside the mesopores of the AC. In addition, the extreme local condition in the sonochemical synthesis yielded an excessive amount of divalent manganese ions and oxygen vacancies. This novel microstructure endowed the sample with a superior performance, including a specific capacitance of 150 F/g compared with the value of 93 F/g for AC at a charge/discharge rate of 100 mA/g. A Li-ion capacitor delivered an energy density of 68 Wh/kg, compared with 41 Wh/kg for the AC capacitor at a power density of 210 W/kg.
