Approximation to NLAR(p) with Wavelet Neural Networks

Recently, wavelet neural networks have become a popular tool for non-linear functional approximation. Wavelet neural networks, which basis functions are orthonormal scalling functions, are more suitable in approximating to function. Based on it, approximating to NLAR(p) with wavelet neural networks is studied.

Optimization of Riboflavin Production from ccpA Mutant Bacillus subtilis 24A1/pMX45

The nitrogen source requirements for riboflavin production by ccpA mutant Bacillus subtilis 24A1/pMX45 were optimized using linear regression. The optimal medium components considered included 8% glucose as carbon source, 2% yeast powder, 0.05% MgSO4 ·7H2O, and four types of nitrogen sources ： 0.1% yeast extract, 2% soybean powder, 1% corn plasm, and 0.2% （ NH4 ） 2 HPO4 in shake flask tests. Predictive ellipsoid was applied to determining the response values under the optimal levels for riboflavin production and glucose consumption. The optimal concentrations of the four types of nitrogen sources can remedy ammonium assimilative defection of ccpA mutant. Under the optimal conditions, the riboflavin yield increases to more than 5.0 g/L and 8%, glucose can be consumed completely after 60 h.

Spatial-temporal Characteristics and Factors Influencing Commuting Activities of Middle-class Residents in Guangzhou City, China

The middle class in metropolitan Chinese cities has become an important social group. With the rapid development of urbanization and constant advancement of suburbanization, the middle class has increasingly come to influence city traffic. Research into middle-class commuting activities thus has practical significance for improving traffic congestion and reducing the commuting burden in metropolitan cities. Based on a dataset formed by 816 completed surveys, this paper analyzes the commuting mode, time and distance of middle-class residents in Guangzhou City using the descriptive statistical method. The results indicate that private cars are the main commuting mode, followed by public transport. Meanwhile, middle-class residents mainly undertake medium-short time and medium-short distance commuting. The study subsequently uses multilevel logistic regression and multiple linear regression models to analyze the factors that influence commuting mode choice, time and distance. The gender, age, number of family cars, housing source and jobs-housing balance are the most important factors influencing commuting mode choice; housing, population density, jobs-housing balance and commuting mode significantly affect commuting time; and transport accessibility, jobs-housing balance and commuting mode are the notable factors affecting commuting distance. Finally, this paper analyzes what is affecting the commuting activities of middle-class residents and determines the differences in commuting activity characteristics and influence factors between middle-class and ordinary residents. Policy suggestions to improve urban planning and urban management are also proposed.

Online Social Support and Use of SNSs Among College Students Relationship to Online and Offiine Social Skills

The subjects of this study are college students aged between 18 to 26 years old from different majors. Investigated the use intensity and addiction of SNSs among college students, with variables of use behaviors and online social support are relate to their online social skills and offline social skills. Seven point Likert scale, descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA and logistic regression were used to determine the correlations of different use intensities and levels of addiction. The results explored whether college students＇ online social skills, offline social skills, and online social support are correlated with use intensity and addiction. Long-term or high-frequency use of SNSs does not lead to equivalent social relationships on SNSs, yet addiction to SNSs can reflect the positive support and communication ability of college students in online interpersonal relationships.

Methodological Approaches to Study Internet Financial Communication

The aim of this paper is to show how qualitative and quantitative approaches can be complementary to study internet financial communication in a thesis by papers and how grounded theory （GT） can be the link among the different papers of the thesis. The study context of our thesis was the unregulated markets of New York Stock Exchange （NYSE） Euronext Brussels and the problematic rose from this context： What is the voluntary effort of communication when there is no obligation of internet financial communication？ Four papers tried to answer this central question and other following research questions. To answer those research questions, several methodological approaches were used： content analysis of websites and scoring, linear regression, paired sample, and interviews. At the end of our thesis by papers, we discovered that GT was the general methodological travel among the papers： Every article had for vocation to try to answer the questions raised by the previous article.

Verification and fine-mapping of QTLs conferring days to flowering in soybean using residual heterozygous lines

The results of QTL mapping based on a primary mapping population should be further verified and refined for its real utilization in marker-assisted selection or map-based cloning.The primary mapping population contains 114 BC1F1 plants of the backcross between Essex (maturity group V,MG V) as the donor parent and ZDD2315 (MG II) as the recurrent parent.In this study,a genetic linkage map with 250 SSR markers spanning a total length of 2963.5 cM on 25 linkage groups (LG) was constructed using software MAPMAKER3.0.Six kinds of genetic statistical models of 4 softwares,i.e.WinQTL Cartographer Version 2.5,IciMapping Version 2.0,MapQTL Version 5.0 and QTLnetwork Version 2.0,were used to map QTLs conferring days to flowering of the BC1F3 lines.Nine QTLs were mapped on 6 different linkage groups (LG).Of those,6 QTLs were detected by at least two different genetic statistical models,while the other three were detected by only one procedure.Among the three QTLs,Flwdt7 was mapped between Sat_213 and Satt643 on LG C2 with only 11.0% contribution rate.For confirmation of Flwdt7,5 RHL populations were developed through selfing eight BC1F5 plants heterozygous at seven markers around the locus.The RHL populations with the same segregating loci were bulked and used to construct a secondary linkage map of the specific segment using software JoinMap 3.0.The genetic distances among the markers on the specific segment became shorter than those of the whole genome map.On the secondary map,Flwdt7 was mapped between Satt277 and Satt489,next to its primary interval Sat_213-Satt643,with distance 1.40 cM to Satt277 and 0.45 cM to Satt489,confidence interval narrowed to 2.7 cM,and contribution rate increased to 36.8%.The results were confirmed with significance analysis among marker genotypes on individual loci and comparison analysis of target marker intervals among near isogenic lines (plants).Thus the strategy by using residual heterozygous lines for QTL fine-mapping on target segments based on primary whole genome scanning with multiple mapping models was demonstrated to be effective.

Susceptibility and Inverted Hysteresis Loop of Prussian Blue Analogs with Orthorhombic Structure

The magnetic susceptibility of ternary metal Prussian blue analogues with orthorhombic structure is studied using Ising model. Within the frame work of effective-field theory with correlations, the roles of the mole fraction y, uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, transverse and longitudinal magnetic field are discussed in detabls. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility is also investigated. The interesting phenomenon of the inverted magnetic hysteresis loop has been found. The results can help to understand the experimental work of the molecule-based ferri- ferrimagnet.