A multi-loop constrained model predictive control scheme based on autoregressive exogenous-partial least squares(ARX-PLS) framework is proposed to tackle the high dimension, coupled and constraints problems in industr...A multi-loop constrained model predictive control scheme based on autoregressive exogenous-partial least squares(ARX-PLS) framework is proposed to tackle the high dimension, coupled and constraints problems in industry processes due to safety limitation, environmental regulations, consumer specifications and physical restriction. ARX-PLS decoupling character enables to turn the multivariable model predictive control(MPC) controller design in original space into the multi-loop single input single output(SISO) MPC controllers design in latent space.An idea of iterative method is applied to decouple the constraints latent variables in PLS framework and recursive least square is introduced to identify ARX-PLS model. This algorithm is applied to a non-square simulation system and a stirred reactor for ethylene polymerizations comparing with adaptive internal model control(IMC) method based on ARX-PLS framework. Its application has shown that this method outperforms adaptive IMC method based on ARX-PLS framework to some extent.展开更多
Being overweight and obese impacts health due to adiposity itself and illnesses it incurs,which produces individual and societal financial burdens.This urges effective interventions,including adjunct therapies.Acupunc...Being overweight and obese impacts health due to adiposity itself and illnesses it incurs,which produces individual and societal financial burdens.This urges effective interventions,including adjunct therapies.Acupuncture,a traditional Chinese medical practice,indicates positive signs for tackling these problems.Investigating 101 empirical human-based projects,this narrative review analyses their outcomes and then provides an overview of the effects of acupuncture in body weight reduction and obesity-induced diseases,either performed alone or with other approaches.It involves 15941 participants from 9-80 years old in China's Mainland,Taiwan,Turkey,Brazil,Egypt,Iran,Greece,Korea,Sudan,Thailand,and the USA.It also reveals practical implications and future research directions,benefiting the development of acupuncture in the modern medical arena for both patients and practitioners.展开更多
Since the events of 9/11 and the so-called ＂war on terror＂, ＂Muslim＂ has been used synonymously with ＂terrorist＂ dividing particularly those Muslims living in the West into either ＂good＂ Muslims or ＂bad＂ Mus...Since the events of 9/11 and the so-called ＂war on terror＂, ＂Muslim＂ has been used synonymously with ＂terrorist＂ dividing particularly those Muslims living in the West into either ＂good＂ Muslims or ＂bad＂ Muslims. Ed Husain in his memoir The Islamist uses this dichotomy as well as that of the ＂witness＂ in presenting himself as a credible analyst in answering why some young Muslims become attracted to fundamentalist Islamist groups hostile to the West. Ed Husain is a second generation of British Asian Muslim who rejected the Sufi political quietism of his parents for the revolutionary ideologies of Islamic ＂ideologues＂ such as Abul A＇la Maududi, Sayyid Qutb, and particularly Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani, joining Hizb-ut-Tahrir as an active member. Ed Husain＇s story is one of a fractured past, manhood, the search for an authentic Islam, and becoming British.展开更多
Extended digital image correlation(X-DIC) method is one novel test method in experimental mechanics.In this paper,the principle of the X-DIC method was introduced in detail.A selection scheme of the initial value of N...Extended digital image correlation(X-DIC) method is one novel test method in experimental mechanics.In this paper,the principle of the X-DIC method was introduced in detail.A selection scheme of the initial value of Newton iteration method was proposed when Newton iteration method was applied to solve the partial differential equations.This scheme could make the X-DIC method suitable for the large deformation measurement and avoid the non-convergence phenomenon effectively.The performance of the X-DIC method was verified by simulated images.Since the pixel point with the maximum absolute error occurred mainly at the corner or on the interface of the region of interest(ROI,region used for correlation calculation),measured deformation of the core area(area surrounding the center point of the ROI with a smaller size) was taken as the reliable measured value.The measurement accuracy of the X-DIC method could be improved greatly by using the core area.Combined with a long-distance microscope,the X-DIC method could be used in the deformation measurement of the micro-region.Zero deformation experiment was done to test the precision of the measurement system.Then,the X-DIC method was applied to measure the micro-region deformation of the specimen with a crack.Test value was proved to be in accordance with the actual deformation,showing that the X-DIC method is suitable for the research of microscale mechanical behavior of materials.展开更多
The optimal energy management for a plug-in hybrid electric bus(PHEB)running along the fixed city bus route is an important technique to improve the vehicles’fuel economy and reduce the bus emission.Considering the i...The optimal energy management for a plug-in hybrid electric bus(PHEB)running along the fixed city bus route is an important technique to improve the vehicles’fuel economy and reduce the bus emission.Considering the inherently high regularities of the fixed bus routes,the continuous state Markov decision process(MDP)is adopted to describe a cost function as total gas and electric consumption fee.Then a learning algorithm is proposed to construct such a MDP model without knowing the all parameters of the MDP.Next,fitted value iteration algorithm is given to approximate the cost function,and linear regression is used in this fitted value iteration.Simulation results show that this approach is feasible in searching for the control strategy of PHEB.Simultaneously this method has its own advantage comparing with the CDCS mode.Furthermore,a test based on a real PHEB was carried out to verify the applicable of the proposed method.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （61174114, 60574047）, the National High Technology Re-search and Development Program of China （2007AA04Z168） and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （20120101130016）.
文摘A multi-loop constrained model predictive control scheme based on autoregressive exogenous-partial least squares(ARX-PLS) framework is proposed to tackle the high dimension, coupled and constraints problems in industry processes due to safety limitation, environmental regulations, consumer specifications and physical restriction. ARX-PLS decoupling character enables to turn the multivariable model predictive control(MPC) controller design in original space into the multi-loop single input single output(SISO) MPC controllers design in latent space.An idea of iterative method is applied to decouple the constraints latent variables in PLS framework and recursive least square is introduced to identify ARX-PLS model. This algorithm is applied to a non-square simulation system and a stirred reactor for ethylene polymerizations comparing with adaptive internal model control(IMC) method based on ARX-PLS framework. Its application has shown that this method outperforms adaptive IMC method based on ARX-PLS framework to some extent.
文摘Being overweight and obese impacts health due to adiposity itself and illnesses it incurs,which produces individual and societal financial burdens.This urges effective interventions,including adjunct therapies.Acupuncture,a traditional Chinese medical practice,indicates positive signs for tackling these problems.Investigating 101 empirical human-based projects,this narrative review analyses their outcomes and then provides an overview of the effects of acupuncture in body weight reduction and obesity-induced diseases,either performed alone or with other approaches.It involves 15941 participants from 9-80 years old in China's Mainland,Taiwan,Turkey,Brazil,Egypt,Iran,Greece,Korea,Sudan,Thailand,and the USA.It also reveals practical implications and future research directions,benefiting the development of acupuncture in the modern medical arena for both patients and practitioners.
文摘Since the events of 9/11 and the so-called ＂war on terror＂, ＂Muslim＂ has been used synonymously with ＂terrorist＂ dividing particularly those Muslims living in the West into either ＂good＂ Muslims or ＂bad＂ Muslims. Ed Husain in his memoir The Islamist uses this dichotomy as well as that of the ＂witness＂ in presenting himself as a credible analyst in answering why some young Muslims become attracted to fundamentalist Islamist groups hostile to the West. Ed Husain is a second generation of British Asian Muslim who rejected the Sufi political quietism of his parents for the revolutionary ideologies of Islamic ＂ideologues＂ such as Abul A＇la Maududi, Sayyid Qutb, and particularly Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani, joining Hizb-ut-Tahrir as an active member. Ed Husain＇s story is one of a fractured past, manhood, the search for an authentic Islam, and becoming British.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10772133 and 11072172)the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20090032110006)
文摘Extended digital image correlation(X-DIC) method is one novel test method in experimental mechanics.In this paper,the principle of the X-DIC method was introduced in detail.A selection scheme of the initial value of Newton iteration method was proposed when Newton iteration method was applied to solve the partial differential equations.This scheme could make the X-DIC method suitable for the large deformation measurement and avoid the non-convergence phenomenon effectively.The performance of the X-DIC method was verified by simulated images.Since the pixel point with the maximum absolute error occurred mainly at the corner or on the interface of the region of interest(ROI,region used for correlation calculation),measured deformation of the core area(area surrounding the center point of the ROI with a smaller size) was taken as the reliable measured value.The measurement accuracy of the X-DIC method could be improved greatly by using the core area.Combined with a long-distance microscope,the X-DIC method could be used in the deformation measurement of the micro-region.Zero deformation experiment was done to test the precision of the measurement system.Then,the X-DIC method was applied to measure the micro-region deformation of the specimen with a crack.Test value was proved to be in accordance with the actual deformation,showing that the X-DIC method is suitable for the research of microscale mechanical behavior of materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51275557)the National Science-technology Support Plan Projects of China(Grant No.2013BAG14B01)
文摘The optimal energy management for a plug-in hybrid electric bus(PHEB)running along the fixed city bus route is an important technique to improve the vehicles’fuel economy and reduce the bus emission.Considering the inherently high regularities of the fixed bus routes,the continuous state Markov decision process(MDP)is adopted to describe a cost function as total gas and electric consumption fee.Then a learning algorithm is proposed to construct such a MDP model without knowing the all parameters of the MDP.Next,fitted value iteration algorithm is given to approximate the cost function,and linear regression is used in this fitted value iteration.Simulation results show that this approach is feasible in searching for the control strategy of PHEB.Simultaneously this method has its own advantage comparing with the CDCS mode.Furthermore,a test based on a real PHEB was carried out to verify the applicable of the proposed method.
