基于弹塑性压力中性层偏移的棒材二辊矫直回弹模型

基于二辊矫直变形工艺特点和弹塑性压力中性层偏移理论,确定应力中性层的位置;在考虑中性层偏移和材料硬化的条件下,结合二辊矫直理论和矫直变形应力-应变关系,提出新的双线性矫直拟合方法;在此基础上利用微元法对棒料内部的金属进行弹塑性变形分析,给出新弯矩比公式的同时,提出中性层偏移半径比的概念;最后,结合纯弯回弹理论建立棒料矫直挠度回弹数学模型,并就中性层偏移对棒料矫直回弹影响进行实验分析和验证。实验结果表明:回弹理论计算值与实验数据吻合较好,其最大相对误差为6.45%,明显低于忽略中性层偏移时的相对误差31.65%,证明了理论分析的正确性和模型的有效性。

基于车身变形的Ishikawa回弹模型改进研究

为克服弹性恢复系数人为选取对Ishikawa回弹模型再现事故的影响,考虑车辆变形这一重要参数,在Ishikawa回弹模型的基础上,增加能量守恒公式,建立新的碰撞动力学模型并再现一起实际事故,通过pc-crash进行验证表明:所建模型能很好地再现交通事故,且该模型不易受弹性恢复系数选取的影响,对弹性恢复系数的选取有指导意义。

基于量纲分析法的金属板材折弯回弹数学模型

回弹是影响金属板材工件成形精度的一个非常重要因素。准确控制回弹是工件精密成形和模具设计的关键所在。针对用于修正回弹的传统试错法的不足,提出一种基于量纲分析和正交试验相结合的方法来建立金属板材折弯回弹半径数学模型。并讨论回弹数学模型的适用范围。该模型定量求解了板料回弹半径与凸模半径、板材厚度、屈服强度、弹性模量之间的非线性关系。将此应用于折弯凸模的设计制造,且用该凸模多道次渐进成形了一半椭圆形工件,它的平均误差是+0.63/-0.65mm。该制造结果表明,基于量纲分析法和正交试验法建立的板料回弹半径数学模型是合理有效的,该建模方法有助于加快模具设计进程,降低生产成本,为金属板料折弯成形及模具设计提供了一条新的途径。

渐变壁厚钣金机匣旋压成形回弹及其回弹补偿研究

不等壁厚钣金机匣是一种典型的航空发动机机匣类零件,针对常用的高温合金材料难变形特点而导致成形机匣回弹严重、服役寿命低等问题,选取GH4169高温合金渐变壁厚钣金机匣作为研究对象,引入进给比影响系数将理论偏转角、进给比与偏转角回弹拟合得到偏转角回弹模型和回弹补偿公式。通过正交实验分析各工艺参数对偏转角偏差的影响主次顺序及最佳工艺参数组合,得到壁厚回弹模型及壁厚回弹补偿公式。在SXY1000双旋轮旋压机上开展实验,拟合所得偏转角回弹方程和壁厚回弹方程的最大误差分别为12.27%和15.0%,验证了回弹拟合方程的可靠性。本文研究为提高机匣成形质量与服役寿命、提升我国飞机空心回转基础件整体制造能力提供一定的理论与技术支持。

级配碎石回弹变形特性

级配碎石具有非线性的应力-应变特性,回弹模量是有效描述这一特性的参数,通过室内动三轴试验能够得到较好的模拟级配碎石回弹模量的模型。分析了影响级配碎石回弹变形特性的各种因素,并进行了试验验证。通过数据拟合发现,Uzan模型能更好地反映级配碎石的非线性回弹变形特性,且模型中的回归参数与级配中小于0.075mm筛孔的质量分数有一定的关联性。并针对影响级配碎石回弹模量的两个重要参数:级配中小于0.075mm筛孔的质量分数和含水质量分数,提出相应的取值范围建议。

交通事故再现碰撞模型综述

对当前国内外交通事故再现分析领域的研究背景和现况给予了介绍 ,并详细阐述了主流的各种碰撞模型 ,最后展望了其发展前景。

基于刚度目标的路基填料设计

在道路工程建设过程中,良好的路基可以提高路面强度,确保路基路面稳定性,从而延长路面的使用寿命。而在路基填筑施工过程,常常因为路基填料选用不当,路基填筑后的整体刚度偏低,易产生较大变形,使路面出现沉陷、网状裂缝等病害。因此,如何根据施工现场实际条件经济合理地进行路基填料设计,提升路基的整体刚度,对于我国公路工程建设具有重要意义。

除尘管道内铝粉运移及沉积的数值研究

基于DPM(Discrete Phase Model)模型,研究了长直通风管道内粒径服从Rosin-Rammler分布的铝粉的运移与沉积规律.基于颗粒与壁面的碰撞过程中的能量分析,建立了粉尘沉积-回弹模型,得出了粉尘沉积的判定准则及脱离壁面时的回弹速度.利用UDF将沉积-回弹模型嵌入Fluent,完成了对管道内粉尘运移和沉积的数值模拟.粉尘沉积的数值结果与实验结果符合得较好,验证了所提模型的有效性.数值结果表明风速的增大使管道内粉尘浓度明显降低,管壁粉尘沉积率也降低;粒径的增大对粉尘浓度的大小影响不明显,主要影响粉尘浓度在管道内的分布情况,同时会增大粉尘在管壁的沉积率.

利用ITRF2008分析全球板块运动

基于ITRF2008参考架下225个GPS测站的速度场对NNR-MORVEL56板块运动模型中13个板块的运动参数及不确定度进行估计。在测站的筛选过程中,利用全球应变率模型GSRMv1.2的结果对测站第二不变应变率进行双三次二维平面插值,若测站的第二不变应变率小于10-14/a,则测站位于板块的刚性区域。考虑到冰期回弹对测站速度场的影响,基于冰期回弹模型ICE-3G(VM2),用TABOO直接对测站的水平位移速率进行定量计算,若冰期回弹引起的测站水平位移速率大于0.5mm/a,则测站位于GIA地区,应予以剔除。分别比较本文计算结果、Altamimi计算结果和基于地质资料的MORVEL板块运动模型,结果显示本文建立的板块运动模型具有较高的精度,所采用的测站筛选准则具有可行性。简要分析了本文和Altamimi计算结果的差异以及个别板块偏差较大的原因。

变形应力对弯曲回弹角的影响

基于修正的Chaboche回弹预测模型,计算不同圆角半径r下V形弯曲的回弹角α,分析回弹角与相对弯曲半径r/t之间的关系;通过弯曲实验,在凸模圆角半径r=1～8 mm情况下,测量弯曲回弹角α,对比理论计算与实验测量的回弹角,验证Chaboche预测模型。在此基础上,计算DP600钢板弯曲圆角变形内外区的切向应力σ_θ、径向应力σ_r,研究σ_θ、σ_r对α的影响。进一步分析r、α与σ_θ、σ_r的关系,建立弯曲程度自变量与回弹关系的数学模型。结果表明,板材的弯曲r/t的越大,α越大。通过分析影响回弹的因素,提出了控制回弹的措施。

砂砾石材料回弹变形特性

砂砾石具有非线性的应力-应变特性,回弹模量是描述这一特性的有效参数,通过室内加大尺寸承载板试验能够得到较好的模拟砂砾石回弹模量的模型。分析了传统承载板试验测定砂砾石回弹变形特性的局限性和影响因素,并进行了试验仪器和方法的改进。以加大承载板试验数据为基础,拟合发现L-H模型能较好地反映砂砾石的非线性回弹变形特性,且模型中的回归参数与混合料的级配、含水量、压实度等因素具有关联性。并针对影响砂砾石回弹模量的两个重要参数:砂砾石黏土的掺配比和含水量进行了详细分析,并提出相应的工程建议。

Springback prediction of TC4 titanium alloy V-bending under hot stamping condition

In this paper,the springback of TC4 titanium alloy under hot stamping condition was studied by means of experiment and numerical analysis.Firstly,an analytical model was established to predict the V-shaped springback angleΔαunder the stretch-bending conditions.The model took into account of blank holder force,friction,property of the material,thickness of the sheet and the neutral layer shift.Then,the influence of several process parameters on springback was studied by experiment and finite element simulation using a V-shaped stamping tool.In the hot stamping tests,the titanium alloy sheet fractured seriously at room temperature.The titanium alloy has good formability when the initial temperature of the sheet is 750–900°C.However,the springback angle of formed parts is large and decreases with increasing temperature.The springback angleΔαdecreased by 50%from 0.5°to 0.25°,and the angleΔβdecreased by 46.7%from 1.5°to 0.8°when the initial temperature of sheet increased from 750°C to 900°C.The springback angle of titanium alloy sheet increases gradually with the increase of the punch radius,because of the increase of elastic recovery,the complex distribution of stress,the length of forming region and the decreasing degree of stress.Compared with the simulation results,the analytical model can better predict the springback angleΔα.

Method of closed loop springback compensation for incremental sheet forming process

The closed loop control model was built up for compensating the springback and enhancing the work piece precision.A coupled closed loop algorithm and a finite element method were developed to simulate and correct the springback of incremental sheet forming.A three-dimensional finite element model was established for simulation of springback in incremental sheet forming process.The closed loop algorithm of trajectory profile for the incremental sheet forming based on the wavelet transform combined with fast Fourier transform was constructed.The profile of processing tool path of shallow dishing with spherical surface was designed on the basis of the profile correction algorithm.The result shows that the algorithm can predict an ideal profile of processing track,and the springback error of incremental sheet forming is eliminated effectively.It has good convergence efficiency,and can improve the workpiece dimensional accuracy greatly.

Numerical implementation of suction-dependent resilient modulus constitutive model for subgrade granular material

In order to investigate the suction-dependent properties of subgrade granular material and its effect on pavement responses,coupled hydro-mechanical simulations were conducted in Abaqus.A suction-dependent resilient modulus model was integrated into the commercial finite element(FE)code Abaqus by developing a user-defined material(UMAT)subroutine.The developed model was validated by triaxial test results under different suction conditions and good agreement was achieved.A three-dimensional(3D)FE pavement model was established and the suction-dependent properties of subgrade granular material was characterized by the developed constitutive model.Hydro-mechanical pavement responses subjected to three moisture states and the falling weight deflectometer(FWD)load were calculated.Simulation results reveal that the resilient modulus of subgrade granular material is sensitive to suction and stress states;high groundwater table decreases the overall resilient moduli of subgrade structure due to suction reduction,leading to the increase of the maximum surface deflection,the tensile strain at bottom of the surface layer,compressive strain on top of subgrade,and consequently,deterioration in pavement performance.

Grain size effect on cyclic deformation behavior and springback prediction of Ni-based superalloy foil

In order to clarify the influence of grain size on cyclic deformation response of superalloy sheets and springback behavior,cyclic loading-unloading and shearing tests were performed on the superalloy foils with 0.2 mm in thickness and diverse grain sizes.The results show that,the decline ratio of elastic modulus is weakened with increasing grain size,and the Bauschinger effect becomes evident with decreasing grain size.Meanwhile,U-bending test results determine that the springback is diminished with increasing grain size.The Chaboche,Anisotropic Nonlinear Kinematic(ANK)and Yoshida-Uemori(Y-U)models were utilized to fit the shear stress-strain curves of specimens.It is found that Y-U model is sufficient of predicting the springback.However,the prediction accuracy is degraded with increasing grain size.

Constitutive modeling and springback prediction of stress relaxation age forming of pre-deformed 2219 aluminum alloy

Stress relaxation ageing behavior of pre-deformed AA2219 is studied through stress relaxation age experiments and finite element(FE) simulation. The results show that the stress can promote the process of ageing precipitation, and shorten the time to reach the peak strength. Meanwhile,the residual stress and yield strength increase along with the increase in the initial stress. Based on microstructure evolution and ageing strengthening theory,a unified constitutive model is established and incorporated into the FE simulation model through a user subroutine. It is found that the relative error of the radius is 3.6% compared with the experimental result and the springback is 16.8%. This indicates that the proposed stress relaxation ageing constitutive model provides a good prediction on the springback of such stiffened panel during its ageing process.

Optimization on springback reduction in cold stretch forming of titanium-alloy aircraft skin

An optimization method was presented for cold stretch forming of titanium-alloy aircraft skin to determine process parameters and to reduce springback.In the optimization model,a mathematical formulation of stress difference was developed as an indicator of the degree of springback instead of implicit springback analysis.Explicit finite element method(FEM)was used to analyze the forming process and to provide the stress distribution for calculating the amount of the stress indicator.In addition,multi-island genetic algorithm(MGA)was employed to seek the optimal loading condition.A case study was performed to demonstrate the potential of the suggested method.The results show that the optimization design of process parameters effectively reduces the amount of springback and improves the part shape accuracy.It provides a guideline for controlling springback in stretch forming of aircraft skin.