The sudden and violent nature of coal and gas outbursts continues to pose a serious threat to coal mine safety in China. One of the key issues is to predict the occurrence of outbursts. Current methods that are used f...The sudden and violent nature of coal and gas outbursts continues to pose a serious threat to coal mine safety in China. One of the key issues is to predict the occurrence of outbursts. Current methods that are used for predicting the outbursts in China are considered to be inadequate, inappropriate or impractical in some seam conditions. In recent years, Huainan Mining Industry Group(Huainan) in China and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) in Australia have been jointly developing technology based on gas content in coal seams to predict the occurrence of outbursts in Huainan. Significant progresses in the technology development have been made, including the development of a more rapid and accurate system in determining gas content in coal seams, the invention of a sampling-while-drilling unit for fast and pointed coal sampling, and the coupling of DEM and LBM codes for advanced numerical simulation of outburst initiation and propagation. These advances are described in this paper.展开更多
A series of reduction experiments of iron ore pellets with hydrogen,carbon monoxide and their mixture were carried out in a laboratory scale shaft furnace.The sticking behavior accompanying reduction of iron ore pelle...A series of reduction experiments of iron ore pellets with hydrogen,carbon monoxide and their mixture were carried out in a laboratory scale shaft furnace.The sticking behavior accompanying reduction of iron ore pellets was investigated.And morphology of the sticking interface forming during reduction was analyzed by SEM equipped with EDS.In order to evaluate the effects of the temperature and gas composition on sticking properties,reduction of iron ore pellets were conducted at 800-1000 ℃.The results show that the sticking strength of the pellets increases with temperature,however,decreases with hydrogen content in reducing gas.For an efficient shaft furnace operation in direct reduction(DR),relative prevention of sticking such as coating of pellets was also developed to solve sticking problem.The results show that CaO is a suitable material for the coating method.展开更多
This paper argues that delegation of lethal decisions to autonomous weapon systems opens an unacceptable responsibility gap, which cannot be effectively countered unless we enforce a preemptive ban on lethal autonomou...This paper argues that delegation of lethal decisions to autonomous weapon systems opens an unacceptable responsibility gap, which cannot be effectively countered unless we enforce a preemptive ban on lethal autonomous weapon systems （LAWS）. Initially, the promises and perils of artificial intelligence are brought forward in pointing out （1） that it remains an open question whether moral decision making, understood as situated ethical judgement, is computationally tractable, and （2） that the kind of artificial intelligence, which would be required to cause ethical reasoning, would imply a system capable of operating as an independent reasoner in novel contexts （sec. 2）. In continuation thereof, issues of responsibility are discussed （sec. 3 and 3.1） and it is claimed that unacceptable responsibility gaps may occur since unpredictability would presumably follow full system autonomy. These circumstances call for a strong precautionary principle, in the form of a preemptive ban.展开更多
文摘The sudden and violent nature of coal and gas outbursts continues to pose a serious threat to coal mine safety in China. One of the key issues is to predict the occurrence of outbursts. Current methods that are used for predicting the outbursts in China are considered to be inadequate, inappropriate or impractical in some seam conditions. In recent years, Huainan Mining Industry Group(Huainan) in China and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) in Australia have been jointly developing technology based on gas content in coal seams to predict the occurrence of outbursts in Huainan. Significant progresses in the technology development have been made, including the development of a more rapid and accurate system in determining gas content in coal seams, the invention of a sampling-while-drilling unit for fast and pointed coal sampling, and the coupling of DEM and LBM codes for advanced numerical simulation of outburst initiation and propagation. These advances are described in this paper.
基金Project(50725416)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China
文摘A series of reduction experiments of iron ore pellets with hydrogen,carbon monoxide and their mixture were carried out in a laboratory scale shaft furnace.The sticking behavior accompanying reduction of iron ore pellets was investigated.And morphology of the sticking interface forming during reduction was analyzed by SEM equipped with EDS.In order to evaluate the effects of the temperature and gas composition on sticking properties,reduction of iron ore pellets were conducted at 800-1000 ℃.The results show that the sticking strength of the pellets increases with temperature,however,decreases with hydrogen content in reducing gas.For an efficient shaft furnace operation in direct reduction(DR),relative prevention of sticking such as coating of pellets was also developed to solve sticking problem.The results show that CaO is a suitable material for the coating method.
文摘This paper argues that delegation of lethal decisions to autonomous weapon systems opens an unacceptable responsibility gap, which cannot be effectively countered unless we enforce a preemptive ban on lethal autonomous weapon systems （LAWS）. Initially, the promises and perils of artificial intelligence are brought forward in pointing out （1） that it remains an open question whether moral decision making, understood as situated ethical judgement, is computationally tractable, and （2） that the kind of artificial intelligence, which would be required to cause ethical reasoning, would imply a system capable of operating as an independent reasoner in novel contexts （sec. 2）. In continuation thereof, issues of responsibility are discussed （sec. 3 and 3.1） and it is claimed that unacceptable responsibility gaps may occur since unpredictability would presumably follow full system autonomy. These circumstances call for a strong precautionary principle, in the form of a preemptive ban.
