有压圆形隧洞围岩径向裂纹应力强度因子研究

为研究隧洞围岩周边径向裂隙的水力劈裂问题,利用复势法分别给出了高水压和构造应力两种因素作用下围岩径向裂隙应力强度因子的解析公式。研究表明:在压应力构造应力场中,构造应力只主导裂隙的Ⅱ型扩展,围岩孔隙水压力只主导裂隙的Ⅰ型扩展;侧压力系数和构造主应力与裂隙夹角是影响裂隙Ⅱ型扩展的重要因素。研究结论对于进一步研究高水压和构造应力对径向裂隙的水力劈裂效应具有重要的参考价值。

湘东板杉铺岩体构造样式与侵位机制

根据板杉铺岩体的基本特征 (形态、产状、主体单元的空间分布、接触关系 )、围岩构造 (褶皱、断层、片理等 )、内部构造 (片麻理、包体、断层、节理、岩脉、岩石磁性组构 )等构造样式认为 ,板杉铺岩体侵位经历了重熔岩浆的产生→底辟上升→多次脉动式上侵的逆旋—气球膨胀的过程 ,为花岗岩体构造样式研究与就位机制分析开拓了新的思路。

复杂地质巷道掘进围岩支护参数优化

山西某矿20503运输巷在掘进过程中由于地质条件复杂,巷道在原支护参数下存在围岩变形严重、顶板网兜明显等问题,从而在一定程度上影响巷道使用安全。为此,在分析巷道围岩岩性参数基础上,提出采用“超前钢管+预应力锚索”相结合方式对支护参数进行优化,并进行工程应用。应用结果表明,巷道采用支护优化后的参数围岩稳定性得以明显增加,巷道顶板、巷帮围岩在支护完成35d即趋于稳定,最大变形量分别控制在78mm、67 mm,取得了较好优化效果。

马兰矿复杂地质构造区巷道注浆加固技术研究

针对复杂地质构造条件下巷道围岩变形量大,支护困难等问题,以马兰矿南五下组煤采区回风大巷为研究背景,通过理论分析及数值模拟相结合的方法,对注浆压力、注浆深度、注浆量等注浆参数进行了确定,并对顶底板及两帮的注浆钻孔进行了设计。现场监测结果表明,巷道进行注浆加固后,顶板最大下沉量为46 mm,两帮最大移近量为95 mm,底板最大底鼓量为50 mm,较原支护条件下分别降低了81.6%、71.2%、73.7%,且巷道变形在注浆30 d后便逐渐趋于平稳,说明在该注浆加固技术方案下,巷道的稳定性得到大幅提升,满足矿井正常生产的需求,取得了良好的经济效益。

复杂构造围岩巷道定量注浆加固技术研究

为解决复杂构造围岩体支护难、围岩变形量大的问题,采用定量劈裂注浆加固技术对李村煤矿二采区辅运巷断层、陷落柱段进行注浆加固,提高复杂构造围岩体的整体承载能力。根据构造围岩体劈裂注浆形态和破碎围岩壳体支撑技术,建立注浆加固后壳体承载力学模型,推导出保障构造围岩稳定的临界承载壳体厚度,给出构造围岩体定量注浆加固表达式;采用3DEC数值模拟软件进行浆液扩散规律的分析,得出注浆压力、裂隙开度与浆液扩散半径及扩散形态之间的关系,并进行定量劈裂注浆加固方案的设计与实施。结果表明:注浆加固实施后,巷道0~3 m范围内的破碎围岩被有效地胶结在一起,形成了承载壳体,解决了围岩变形量大的问题,注浆效果显著。

激电法在弥渡宝兴厂矿区的应用效果

宝兴厂矿区是与喜马拉雅期富碱斑岩有关的多金属成矿集中区,地层、斑岩体、矿化体具有明显的物性差异,有利于开展激电测量,圈定多个物探异常,工程验证发现多金属矿化体。

应力和变形监测数据库系统的研制及其应用

首先阐述冬瓜山矿山围岩构造,围岩监测的目的和内容,建立了具有监测系统,数据分析,数据输出,图形显示等功能的应力和变形监测数据库系统。并通过该系统对围岩的应力变化规律和围岩变形破坏规律进行监测,在某矿山围岩监测中进行了验证。

劈裂注浆加固方案及效果

为解决复杂构造围岩体支护难、围岩变形量大的问题,采用劈裂注浆加固技术对某煤矿二采区辅运巷断层、陷落柱段进行注浆加固,提高复杂构造围岩体的整体承载能力.设计了合理的劈裂注浆加固方案并现场实施,结果表明:注浆加固实施后,巷道0~3 m内的破碎围岩被有效胶结在一起,形成了承载壳体,解决了围岩变形量大的问题,注浆效果显著.

综合物探方法在新疆托里县某带铜金矿勘查中的运用

工作区位于准噶尔盆地西缘扎依尔山中段,工作区侵入岩较为发育,主要呈不规则岩株、长条状产出,岩性为主要一套中性-中酸性组合(闪长岩-花岗闪长岩),岩体内具较明显的岩相分带和分异,并表现出多期次活动的迹象。重力异常在该区域主要表现为局部重力高或梯级带,电阻率断面则为高阻环绕的低阻洼地,其深部可能存在主要以剩余磁场为主的磁性体或是与岩浆的通道有关,是寻找隐伏铜金矿体的有利靶区,通过重力、磁法及音频大地电磁测深建立与地质信息紧密相连的指导模型,达到最终寻找隐伏铜金矿的目的。

广西乐百弄衣隧道企业级BIM技术应用

广西乐百弄衣隧道属于特长隧道,在隧道施工过程中,由于地质构造异常复杂,对于质量、安全的控制非常严格。隧道开挖的地质预报资料尤为重要,需排除前方不良地质、水纹条件,同时,隧道开挖过程中的超挖、欠挖工程量统计成为了传统施工的一个难点。此外,隧道的不均匀沉降监测数据实时记录更新及现场进度、质量、安全等均急需新型项目管理工具来辅助提升协同管理效率。针对以上隧道的施工重点难点,团队经过多次不同BIM系列软件的比对分析,采取了Revit+Dynamo+Civil3D+BIM5D的BIM解决方案,可解决从BIM模型搭建到项目各阶段的管理应用难题,如:清单工程量统计分析、以日为基准单位的施工进度管理、按每延米桩号定位辅助解决施工质量安全问题等等。利用本隧道BIM解决方案可根据现场施工实际信息数据进行深化模型,并多方位多角度辅助解决各类传统隧道施工的难点。本项目课题研究的成果可供类似公路工程BIM应用提供专业的技术解决参考方案。

Interaction between anti-shear galleries and surrounding rock in the right-bank slope of Dagangshan hydropower station

The fight-bank slope of the Dagangshan hydropower station located in Southwest China is a highly unloaded rock slope. Moreover, large-scale natural faults were detected in the slope body; some excavation-induced unloading fractures were discovered at elevations between lo75m and 1146m. Because of poor tectonic stability, the excavation work was suspended in September 2009, and six large- scale anti-shear galleries were employed to replace the weak zone in the slope body to reinforce the fight- bank slope. In this study, based on microseismic- monitoring technology and a numerical-simulation method, the stabilities of the slope with and without the reinforcement are analysed. An in-situ microseismic-monitofing system is used to obtain quantitative information about the damage location, extent, energy, and magnitude of the rocks. Thus, any potential sliding block in the fight-bank slope can be identified. By incorporating the numerical results along with the microseismic-monitoring data, the stress concentration is found to largely occur aroundthe anti-shear galleries, and the seismic deformation near the anti-shear galleries is apparent, particularly at elevations of 121o, 118o, 115o, and 112om. To understand the interaction mechanism between the anti-shear gallery and the surrounding rock, a 2D simulation of the potential damage process occurring in an anti-shear gallery is performed. The numerical simulation helps in obtaining additional information about the stress distribution and failure-induced stress re-distribution in the vicinity of the anti-shear galleries that cannot be directly observed in the field. Finally, the potential sliding surface of the right-bank slope is numerically obtained, which generally agrees with the spatial distribution of the in-situ monitored microseismic events. The safety factor of the slope reinforced with the anti-shear gallery increases by approximately 36.2%. Both the numerical results and microseismic data show that the anti-shear galleries have a good reinforcement effect.

Rules of distribution in a plastic zone of rocks surrounding a roadway affected by tectonic stress

In order to study the rules of distribution in a plastic zone of rocks, surrounding a roadway, affected by tectonic stress, we first analyzed the mechanics of a roadway affected by tectonic stress and derived a theoretical formula for the plastic zone of rocks surrounding a roadway. We also analyzed the distribution characteristics of the plastic zone under different levels of tectonic stress, vertical pressure, cohesion and friction angle of the surrounding rock. Secondly, we used numerical simulation to analyze the range and shape features of the plastic zone of rocks surrounding the roadway, given different tectonic stress levels. Finally we used a rock drilling detector to carry out field measurements on the broken state of rock surrounding the roadway at the –700 substation and channels in the Xinzhuang mine of the Shenhuo mining area. Given the measured ground stress, we analyzed the relationship between tectonic stress and the distribution of this plastic zone. Our results show that the range of the plastic zone at the top and bottom of the roadway increases with an increase in tectonic stress and this increase is especially obvious at the roadway corner.

Stability control of surrounding rocks for a coal roadway in a deep tectonic region

In order to effectively control the deformation and failure of surrounding rocks in a coal roadway in a deep tectonic region, the deformation and failure mechanism and stability control mechanism were studied. With such methods as numerical simulation and field testing, the distribution law of the displacement, stress and plastic zone in the surrounding rocks was analyzed. The deformation and failure mechanisms of coal roadways in deep tectonic areas were revealed: under high tectonic stress, two sides will slide along the roof or floor; while the plastic zone of the two sides will extend along the roof or floor,leading to more serious deformation and failure in the corner of two sides and the bolt supporting the corners is readily cut off by the shear force or tension force. Aimed at controlling the large slippage deformation of the two sides, serious deformation and failure in the corners of the two sides and massive bolt breakage, a ‘‘controlling and yielding coupling support'' control technology is proposed. Firstly, bolts which do not pass through the bedding plane should be used in the corners of the roadway, allowing the two sides to have some degree of sliding to achieve the purpose of ‘‘yielding'' support, and which avoid breakage of the bolts in the corner. After yielding support, bolts in the corner of the roadway and which pass through the bedding plane should be used to control the deformation and failure of the coal in the corner. ‘‘Controlling and yielding coupling support'' technology has been successfully applied in engineering practice, and the stability of deep coal roadway has been greatly improved.