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信息产品版权销售方式选择 被引量:1
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作者 刘志勇 《系统管理学报》 CSSCI 2014年第5期674-681,共8页
考虑由信息产品内容提供商、零售商和消费者构成的供应链结构,其中供应商为Stackelberg领导者。信息产品供应商与零售商之间的两种销售版权转让方式:固定费用定价和按份销售定价。建立了两种模式下的收益最大化模型,并在消费者异质化假... 考虑由信息产品内容提供商、零售商和消费者构成的供应链结构,其中供应商为Stackelberg领导者。信息产品供应商与零售商之间的两种销售版权转让方式:固定费用定价和按份销售定价。建立了两种模式下的收益最大化模型,并在消费者异质化假设,且对产品评价值服从递增失效函数的分布下,从收益、产品质量及需求量等方面进行了比较。研究表明:供应商更愿意选择固定费用定价模式,而按份销售定价模式更利于零售商;但从供应链整体收益来看,固定费用定价模式更有利。 展开更多
关键词 信息产品 版权 固定费用定价 按份销售定价
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ROA of Real Estate Development in ZA
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作者 TumeUano Sebehela 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2012年第3期424-434,共11页
Although, there are numerous empirical studies that explore option pricing on vacant land, there is hardly such study based on a South African case study. Moreover, phenomena observed in certain countries are not alwa... Although, there are numerous empirical studies that explore option pricing on vacant land, there is hardly such study based on a South African case study. Moreover, phenomena observed in certain countries are not always prevalent due to different economic circumstances. This case study explores option value emerging on vacant land due to office building in the Northern Suburbs of Johannesburg, South Africa (ZA) because land value "increased" in "price". Since late 1990s, Northern Suburbs are one of the most expensive areas of Johannesburg. Samuelson-McKean (1965) model is used to calculate option value on vacant land (Geltner & Miller, 2001) and the model is used to estimate option values, first, when there are no costs, then when total costs are taken into account and lastly, when improvements are taken into account. The results are synonymous with option pricing theory (OPT) in sense that costs and land improvements increase option value; however, the impact of fixed costs on option value is debatable as fixed costs lead to an increase in option value while according to OPT they should not as fixed costs could easily be "hedged". 展开更多
关键词 expansion option optionality real estate development
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