用柠檬酸络合法制备了多个系列的类钙钛石(A2BO4)结构的复合氧化物催化剂,系统地研究探讨了该类催化剂的晶体与光谱结构、缺陷结构、对NO和CO等小分子的吸附性能、对氧的吸脱性能及氧化还原性能和稳定性,同时考察了上述多个系列催化剂...用柠檬酸络合法制备了多个系列的类钙钛石(A2BO4)结构的复合氧化物催化剂,系统地研究探讨了该类催化剂的晶体与光谱结构、缺陷结构、对NO和CO等小分子的吸附性能、对氧的吸脱性能及氧化还原性能和稳定性,同时考察了上述多个系列催化剂对NO直接分解和CO还原NO反应的催化性能。发现Ni系A2BO4复合氧化物是NO直接分解的高活性催化体系,特别是LaSrNiO4-λ催化剂具有很高NO的分解活性,其活性高于文献报道Y Ba CuO/MgO的和Co系ABO3催化剂。同时发现LaSrCuO4-λ具有较高的CO还原NO催化性能。提出了在类钙钛石复合氧化物催化剂上NO分解和还原反应统一的氧化还原反应机制,并比较了两个反应的异同点,确认了氧空位在上述反应中的作用。并较深入的探讨了取代效应、过渡元素、稀土元素和结构效应对NO分解和CO还原NO反应的影响机制。本文分析总结了作者在类钙钛石(K2NiF4)结构复合氧化物的固态物化性质及对NOx消除反应的催化性能方面的基础性研究结果。展开更多
The effect of solid inertants like rock dust on explosion suppression was experimentally tested.By adding solid inertants with different concentrations into three kinds of coal dust,the maximum explosion pressure P ma...The effect of solid inertants like rock dust on explosion suppression was experimentally tested.By adding solid inertants with different concentrations into three kinds of coal dust,the maximum explosion pressure P max and the rate of explosion pressure rise(d p/d t)max were acquired.Based on this,the suppression effect of rock dust on coal dust explosion was analyzed.The experimental and analytical results show that there are two major factors that play an important role in explosion suppression:composition of solid inertant and particle size of solid inertant.The higher the concentration of solid inertant and the smaller the particle size of solid inertant,the better the suppression effect.In addition,the smaller the particle size of coal dust,the larger the amount of rock dust.展开更多
Alumina coated LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 particles were obtained by a simple method of solid state reaction at room temperature. The reaction mechanism of solid state reaction at room temperature was investigated. The struc...Alumina coated LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 particles were obtained by a simple method of solid state reaction at room temperature. The reaction mechanism of solid state reaction at room temperature was investigated. The structure and morphology of the coating materials were investigated by XRD, SEM and TEM. The electrochemical performances of uncoated and Al2O3-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials were studied within a voltage window of 3.00?4.35 V at current density of 30 mA/g. SEM, TEM and EDS analytical results indicate that the surface of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 particles is coated with very fine Al2O3 composite, which leads to the improved cycle ability though a slight decrease in the first discharge capacity is observed. It is proposed that surface treatment by solid state reaction at room temperature is a simple and effective method to improve the cycle performance of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 particles.展开更多
Physical-chemical properties of phosphorous gypsum, proportion and cemented mechanism of slurry with gypsum as aggregate were studied to remove the harms of gypsum pile, combining with difficult problems of excessive ...Physical-chemical properties of phosphorous gypsum, proportion and cemented mechanism of slurry with gypsum as aggregate were studied to remove the harms of gypsum pile, combining with difficult problems of excessive mined-out gobs, enormous ore body under roadway and low recovery ratio of Yongshaba Mine, Kaiyang Phosphor Mine Group, Guizhou Province, China. An appropriate backfill system and craflwork were designed, using shattering milling method to crush gypsum, double-axles mixing and strong activation mixing way to mix slurry, cemented slurry and mullock backfill alternately process. The results show that gypsum is fit for backfilling afterwards by adding fly ash, though it is not an ideal aggregate for fine granule and coagulate retardation. The suggested dosage （the mass ratio of cement to fly ash to gypsum） is 1：1：6-1：1：8 with mass fraction of solid materials 60%-63%. Slurry is transported in suspend state with non-plastic strength, and then in concretion state after backfilling. The application to mine shows the technology is feasible, and gypsum utilization ratio is up to 100%. Transportation and backfill effect is very good for paste-like slurry and drenching cemented slurry into mullock, and the compressive strength and recovery ratio are 2.0 MPa and 82.6%, respectively, with the maximum subsidence of surface only 1.307 mm. Furthermore, the investment of system is about 7 × 10^6 yuan （RMB）, only 1/10 of that of traditional paste backfill system.展开更多
Germanium based sulfides are potentially attractive as anode material for sodium ion batteries but rarely investigated. Herein, we firstly investigated Na^＋storage properties of pristine Cu2GeS3（PCGS） and found an ...Germanium based sulfides are potentially attractive as anode material for sodium ion batteries but rarely investigated. Herein, we firstly investigated Na^＋storage properties of pristine Cu2GeS3（PCGS） and found an effective strategy to improve its performance by a single lithiation/delithiation cycle obtaining ultrafine nanoparticle copper germanium sulfide（NCGS）. The lithiation/delithiation process leads to the formation of a stable Li-containing solid electrolyte interphase film and a significant improvement of sodiation kinetics. Therefore, the NCGS anode delivers favorable capacity retention and better rate capability compared with that of a PCGS whether in the half cell or in the full cell,showing great promise for energy storage application.展开更多
As the key components of nanopore-based nucleic acid sequencing systems, nanopores have drawn more and more scientific interests over these years. Although most of the early nanopore-based sequencers adopted biologica...As the key components of nanopore-based nucleic acid sequencing systems, nanopores have drawn more and more scientific interests over these years. Although most of the early nanopore-based sequencers adopted biological nanopores, solid-state nanopores have been gradually growing in popularity due to their increased robustness and durability, control over pore geometry and surface properties, as well as compatibility with the existing semiconductor and microfiuidics fabrication techniques. Besides acting as a platform for biomolecular analysis, solid-state nanopores also have great potential in many other fields such as near-field optics, nanostencil lithography and ionic logic circuitry, due to the possibility of parallel massive production. Therefore, many approaches for the fabrication of solid-state nanopores have been developed. This paper reviews the typical solid-state nanopore fabrication techniques reported to date and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The specific applications of each kind of solid-state nanopores are also summarized based on the carefully analysis of their unique morphologies and properties such as the feature size, inner structure and possibility of massive production.展开更多
The development of high-performance solid polymer electrolytes is crucial for producing all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with high safety and high energy density.However,the low ionic conductivity of solid poly...The development of high-performance solid polymer electrolytes is crucial for producing all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with high safety and high energy density.However,the low ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes and their unstable electrolyte/electrode interfaces have hindered their widespread utilization.To address these critical challenges,a strong Lewis acid(aluminum fluoride(AIF_(3)))with dual functionality is introduced into poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based polymer electrolyte.The AlF;facilitates the dissociation of lithium salt,increasing the iontransfer efficiency due to the Lewis acid-base interaction;further the in-situ formation of lithium fluoride-rich interfacial layer is promoted,which suppresses the uneven lithium deposition and continuous undesired reactions between the Li metal and PEO matrix.Benefiting from our rational design,the symmetric Li/Li battery with the modified electrolyte exhibits much longer cycling stability(over 3600 h)than that of the pure PEO/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(LiTFSI)electrolyte(550 h).Furthermore,the all-solid-state LiFeP04 full cell with the composite electrolyte displays a much higher Coulombic efficiency(98.4%after 150 cycles)than that of the electrolyte without the AlF;additive(63.3%after 150 cycles)at a large voltage window of 2.4-4.2 V,demonstrating the improved interface and cycling stability of solid polymer lithium metal batteries.展开更多
文摘用柠檬酸络合法制备了多个系列的类钙钛石(A2BO4)结构的复合氧化物催化剂,系统地研究探讨了该类催化剂的晶体与光谱结构、缺陷结构、对NO和CO等小分子的吸附性能、对氧的吸脱性能及氧化还原性能和稳定性,同时考察了上述多个系列催化剂对NO直接分解和CO还原NO反应的催化性能。发现Ni系A2BO4复合氧化物是NO直接分解的高活性催化体系,特别是LaSrNiO4-λ催化剂具有很高NO的分解活性,其活性高于文献报道Y Ba CuO/MgO的和Co系ABO3催化剂。同时发现LaSrCuO4-λ具有较高的CO还原NO催化性能。提出了在类钙钛石复合氧化物催化剂上NO分解和还原反应统一的氧化还原反应机制,并比较了两个反应的异同点,确认了氧空位在上述反应中的作用。并较深入的探讨了取代效应、过渡元素、稀土元素和结构效应对NO分解和CO还原NO反应的影响机制。本文分析总结了作者在类钙钛石(K2NiF4)结构复合氧化物的固态物化性质及对NOx消除反应的催化性能方面的基础性研究结果。
基金Special Foundation for Platform Base and Outstanding Talent of Shanxi Province(No.201705D211002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11802272)
文摘The effect of solid inertants like rock dust on explosion suppression was experimentally tested.By adding solid inertants with different concentrations into three kinds of coal dust,the maximum explosion pressure P max and the rate of explosion pressure rise(d p/d t)max were acquired.Based on this,the suppression effect of rock dust on coal dust explosion was analyzed.The experimental and analytical results show that there are two major factors that play an important role in explosion suppression:composition of solid inertant and particle size of solid inertant.The higher the concentration of solid inertant and the smaller the particle size of solid inertant,the better the suppression effect.In addition,the smaller the particle size of coal dust,the larger the amount of rock dust.
基金Project(50604018) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Alumina coated LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 particles were obtained by a simple method of solid state reaction at room temperature. The reaction mechanism of solid state reaction at room temperature was investigated. The structure and morphology of the coating materials were investigated by XRD, SEM and TEM. The electrochemical performances of uncoated and Al2O3-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials were studied within a voltage window of 3.00?4.35 V at current density of 30 mA/g. SEM, TEM and EDS analytical results indicate that the surface of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 particles is coated with very fine Al2O3 composite, which leads to the improved cycle ability though a slight decrease in the first discharge capacity is observed. It is proposed that surface treatment by solid state reaction at room temperature is a simple and effective method to improve the cycle performance of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 particles.
基金Project(2006BAB02A03)supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development ProgramProject(08MX16)supported by Mittal Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of Central South University during 2008
文摘Physical-chemical properties of phosphorous gypsum, proportion and cemented mechanism of slurry with gypsum as aggregate were studied to remove the harms of gypsum pile, combining with difficult problems of excessive mined-out gobs, enormous ore body under roadway and low recovery ratio of Yongshaba Mine, Kaiyang Phosphor Mine Group, Guizhou Province, China. An appropriate backfill system and craflwork were designed, using shattering milling method to crush gypsum, double-axles mixing and strong activation mixing way to mix slurry, cemented slurry and mullock backfill alternately process. The results show that gypsum is fit for backfilling afterwards by adding fly ash, though it is not an ideal aggregate for fine granule and coagulate retardation. The suggested dosage （the mass ratio of cement to fly ash to gypsum） is 1：1：6-1：1：8 with mass fraction of solid materials 60%-63%. Slurry is transported in suspend state with non-plastic strength, and then in concretion state after backfilling. The application to mine shows the technology is feasible, and gypsum utilization ratio is up to 100%. Transportation and backfill effect is very good for paste-like slurry and drenching cemented slurry into mullock, and the compressive strength and recovery ratio are 2.0 MPa and 82.6%, respectively, with the maximum subsidence of surface only 1.307 mm. Furthermore, the investment of system is about 7 × 10^6 yuan （RMB）, only 1/10 of that of traditional paste backfill system.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (51502319)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (BS2015CL014)the Think-Tank Mutual Fund of Qingdao Energy Storage Industry Scientific Research and Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology
文摘Germanium based sulfides are potentially attractive as anode material for sodium ion batteries but rarely investigated. Herein, we firstly investigated Na^＋storage properties of pristine Cu2GeS3（PCGS） and found an effective strategy to improve its performance by a single lithiation/delithiation cycle obtaining ultrafine nanoparticle copper germanium sulfide（NCGS）. The lithiation/delithiation process leads to the formation of a stable Li-containing solid electrolyte interphase film and a significant improvement of sodiation kinetics. Therefore, the NCGS anode delivers favorable capacity retention and better rate capability compared with that of a PCGS whether in the half cell or in the full cell,showing great promise for energy storage application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91023040 and 61273061)
文摘As the key components of nanopore-based nucleic acid sequencing systems, nanopores have drawn more and more scientific interests over these years. Although most of the early nanopore-based sequencers adopted biological nanopores, solid-state nanopores have been gradually growing in popularity due to their increased robustness and durability, control over pore geometry and surface properties, as well as compatibility with the existing semiconductor and microfiuidics fabrication techniques. Besides acting as a platform for biomolecular analysis, solid-state nanopores also have great potential in many other fields such as near-field optics, nanostencil lithography and ionic logic circuitry, due to the possibility of parallel massive production. Therefore, many approaches for the fabrication of solid-state nanopores have been developed. This paper reviews the typical solid-state nanopore fabrication techniques reported to date and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The specific applications of each kind of solid-state nanopores are also summarized based on the carefully analysis of their unique morphologies and properties such as the feature size, inner structure and possibility of massive production.
基金supported by the research fund of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(SGDX20201103093600003)the University of Macao,Macao SAR(MYRG2018-00079-IAPME and MYRG2019-00115-IAPME)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0092/2019/A2,0059/2018/A2,and 009/2017/AMJ)the National Thousand Young Talent planthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875040&21905051)。
文摘The development of high-performance solid polymer electrolytes is crucial for producing all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with high safety and high energy density.However,the low ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes and their unstable electrolyte/electrode interfaces have hindered their widespread utilization.To address these critical challenges,a strong Lewis acid(aluminum fluoride(AIF_(3)))with dual functionality is introduced into poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based polymer electrolyte.The AlF;facilitates the dissociation of lithium salt,increasing the iontransfer efficiency due to the Lewis acid-base interaction;further the in-situ formation of lithium fluoride-rich interfacial layer is promoted,which suppresses the uneven lithium deposition and continuous undesired reactions between the Li metal and PEO matrix.Benefiting from our rational design,the symmetric Li/Li battery with the modified electrolyte exhibits much longer cycling stability(over 3600 h)than that of the pure PEO/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(LiTFSI)electrolyte(550 h).Furthermore,the all-solid-state LiFeP04 full cell with the composite electrolyte displays a much higher Coulombic efficiency(98.4%after 150 cycles)than that of the electrolyte without the AlF;additive(63.3%after 150 cycles)at a large voltage window of 2.4-4.2 V,demonstrating the improved interface and cycling stability of solid polymer lithium metal batteries.
