2015~2020年潍坊市防风固沙量动态变化研究

以遥感和地面调查数据为基础,结合生态系统长期监测数据,定量评估潍坊市生态系统的防风固沙功能。

固定沙丘结皮层藓类植物多样性及固沙作用研究

根据对沙坡头固定沙丘生物结皮的物种调查、鉴定及盖度和生物量的研究,藓类植物共2科,7属,16种,以真藓(Bryum argentuum)为优势种。随着固沙时间的延长,生物结皮中藓类和藻类总盖度呈上升趋势;沿不同年代固定沙丘坡面向上等距离梯度,藓类盖度显著下降,而藻类盖度则平稳上升。对不同年代固定沙丘生物结皮优势种真藓的生物量和固沙量的测定表明,随沙丘固定年代的增加,真藓的生物量和固沙量增加,50年代固沙区结皮层真藓生物量是944.33 kg·hm^(-2),固沙量是3.925×10~4kg·hm^(-2),但固沙率随时间的增加而减少。真藓的饱和吸水量与生物量呈正相关,50年代固定沙丘藓类结皮层可吸水7.06×10~3kg·hm^(-2),说明藓类结皮层具有很强的吸水和保水能力,对于干燥少雨的沙漠地区具有十分重要的生态学意义。

榆林市植被固沙作用年内变化情况研究

为评估植被防风固沙效应的年内动态变化情况并为相关研究提供参考,以黄河中游水土流失重点治理区之一的榆林市为研究对象,基于2012年遥感影像资料等,按分辨率为1 km的栅格对单位面积植被的固沙量进行了逐月评估,结果表明:榆林市以县(区、市)为单元计算的单位面积植被年固沙量为6 375~15 371 t/km^(2),其时空分布差异显著,在时间上单位面积植被年固沙量约90%分布在3—6月,在空间上东南部黄土丘陵沟壑区单位面积植被年固沙量明显大于西北部风沙区的;季节变化对风蚀、植被生长及其防风固沙作用有明显影响,黄土丘陵沟壑区植被防风固沙作用对季节变化较为敏感。

Relation of Wind-induced Sand Displacement to Plant Biomass and Plant Sand-binding Capacity

Desertification is a process in which vegetation cover degrades followed by increased wind and water erosion. Plants adapted to moving sand conditions are able to reverse this process. They can stabilize die substrate. Not much data is available on the soil stabilization capacity of plants. This study was conducted to investigate the wind-induced sand displacement around plants in relation to their biomass. Sand displacement is examined in relation to the biomass allocation pattern of three different plant species. A new method was developed to experimentally investigate plant sand-binding capacity. The relationship between sand displacement and plant biomass was not linear. Apart from the amount of biomass, species-specific plant characters like the biomass allocation pattern and plant structure may be very important in determining the sand-binding capacity.