It is impossible to realize the modernization of China without cultural construction. According to the fundamental principles of historic materialism, this paper discusses the relationships between culture and economy...It is impossible to realize the modernization of China without cultural construction. According to the fundamental principles of historic materialism, this paper discusses the relationships between culture and economy in the Chinese socialist construction.展开更多
The study reflects on previous World Bank and FAO reports that made the general recommendation to set both research and extension investment targets in developing countries at 1% of agricultural gross domestic product...The study reflects on previous World Bank and FAO reports that made the general recommendation to set both research and extension investment targets in developing countries at 1% of agricultural gross domestic product （AgGDP）. In order to define proxies for country-specific extension investment targets, authors developed an extension investment model （EIM） based on socio-economic macro-indicators （poverty, undernourishment, access to information and population density） and a method to define estimates for cost increases related to climate change. These parameters helped estimating the demand for agricultural extension and investments required for it. Results showed that about half of the 94 developing and emerging countries should spend more than 1% of their respective share of GDP derived from agriculture and about a quarter of the countries, mostly in Africa and South East Asia, need to spend more than 2% of their AgGDP. The paper reveals significant differences in average investment requirements in different regions and shows the additional extension costs related to climate change and other areas that currently lack investment.展开更多
How to conserve and develop the intangible cultural heritage is one of the hot topics in both tourism industry and academic research area. In the past, argument of conflict relationship between tourism and intangible ...How to conserve and develop the intangible cultural heritage is one of the hot topics in both tourism industry and academic research area. In the past, argument of conflict relationship between tourism and intangible cultural heritage has prevailed, however, more and more researches now question it. Based on the analysis of values and characteristics of intangible cultural heritage, this paper considers that the relationship can be beneficial to both with the appropriate and modest development, meanwhile, this paper summarizes seven tourism development modes, and at last it gives some advice on integrative adoption of those development modes after the thorough comparison of the seven modes.展开更多
This research is based on creative industry of sports culture of the U.K. Firstly, the literature research method is used to collect relevant authoritative economic data, and clarify and identify concepts of the sport...This research is based on creative industry of sports culture of the U.K. Firstly, the literature research method is used to collect relevant authoritative economic data, and clarify and identify concepts of the sports culture creative industry with the ＂rule of thirds＂ of creative industry of the U.K.; secondly, empirical research is conducted to describe an active and drive function of the 3 kinds of expansion effects-forward effect, bystander effect and backward effect on peripheral industries on sports industry and even national economy development by rapid development of the sports culture creative industry in the U.K.; thirdly, this paper figures out that the sports culture creative industry will become new economic growth, ixew development route for the sports industry in the future and new power for industrial structure optimization and upgrading; finally, the research outcome gives reference and guide to scientific development, transformation and upgrading of the sports industry of China in the new round of worlds＇ economic restructuring.展开更多
Although the urgency of their conservation has been recognized, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) designated by the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) since 2002 and China Nationally Importan...Although the urgency of their conservation has been recognized, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) designated by the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) since 2002 and China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(ChinaNIAHS) certified by the Ministry of Agriculture(MOA) of China since 2012 are faced with questions as to why to conserve them, what is to be conserved, who should conserve them, and how? This paper attempts to clarify and respond to such questions focusing on the conservation of agricultural heritage systems in China based on a review of both theoretical and practical progress. Agricultural heritage systems exhibit a multitude of values for sustainable and equitable development and therefore should be conserved for both present and future generations. Unlike most conventional heritages, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems is a complex, systematic "engineering" in which both physical and biological components and associated socio-cultural processes should be conserved in a dynamic way. Farmers and heritage sites must benefit from the continuance of traditional agricultural production under the premise of ecological functions being sustained and traditional culture being inherited. For a more effective conservation, a multi- stakeholder process should be established involving governments at different levels, multi-disciplinary scientists, communities and farmers, and business enterprises as well as social organizations. As has been demonstrated, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems aims to promote the regional sustainable development, to improve the livelihood, food security and well-being of farm people, and to provide references for the development of modern agriculture in China.展开更多
文摘It is impossible to realize the modernization of China without cultural construction. According to the fundamental principles of historic materialism, this paper discusses the relationships between culture and economy in the Chinese socialist construction.
文摘The study reflects on previous World Bank and FAO reports that made the general recommendation to set both research and extension investment targets in developing countries at 1% of agricultural gross domestic product （AgGDP）. In order to define proxies for country-specific extension investment targets, authors developed an extension investment model （EIM） based on socio-economic macro-indicators （poverty, undernourishment, access to information and population density） and a method to define estimates for cost increases related to climate change. These parameters helped estimating the demand for agricultural extension and investments required for it. Results showed that about half of the 94 developing and emerging countries should spend more than 1% of their respective share of GDP derived from agriculture and about a quarter of the countries, mostly in Africa and South East Asia, need to spend more than 2% of their AgGDP. The paper reveals significant differences in average investment requirements in different regions and shows the additional extension costs related to climate change and other areas that currently lack investment.
文摘How to conserve and develop the intangible cultural heritage is one of the hot topics in both tourism industry and academic research area. In the past, argument of conflict relationship between tourism and intangible cultural heritage has prevailed, however, more and more researches now question it. Based on the analysis of values and characteristics of intangible cultural heritage, this paper considers that the relationship can be beneficial to both with the appropriate and modest development, meanwhile, this paper summarizes seven tourism development modes, and at last it gives some advice on integrative adoption of those development modes after the thorough comparison of the seven modes.
文摘This research is based on creative industry of sports culture of the U.K. Firstly, the literature research method is used to collect relevant authoritative economic data, and clarify and identify concepts of the sports culture creative industry with the ＂rule of thirds＂ of creative industry of the U.K.; secondly, empirical research is conducted to describe an active and drive function of the 3 kinds of expansion effects-forward effect, bystander effect and backward effect on peripheral industries on sports industry and even national economy development by rapid development of the sports culture creative industry in the U.K.; thirdly, this paper figures out that the sports culture creative industry will become new economic growth, ixew development route for the sports industry in the future and new power for industrial structure optimization and upgrading; finally, the research outcome gives reference and guide to scientific development, transformation and upgrading of the sports industry of China in the new round of worlds＇ economic restructuring.
基金Youth Talent Supporting Project of China Association for Science and Technology,No.2016010103International Exchange and Cooperation Project of Ministry of Agriculture"Conservation of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)in China in 2016"Scientific Research Foundation for Youth Scholars of Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Although the urgency of their conservation has been recognized, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) designated by the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) since 2002 and China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(ChinaNIAHS) certified by the Ministry of Agriculture(MOA) of China since 2012 are faced with questions as to why to conserve them, what is to be conserved, who should conserve them, and how? This paper attempts to clarify and respond to such questions focusing on the conservation of agricultural heritage systems in China based on a review of both theoretical and practical progress. Agricultural heritage systems exhibit a multitude of values for sustainable and equitable development and therefore should be conserved for both present and future generations. Unlike most conventional heritages, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems is a complex, systematic "engineering" in which both physical and biological components and associated socio-cultural processes should be conserved in a dynamic way. Farmers and heritage sites must benefit from the continuance of traditional agricultural production under the premise of ecological functions being sustained and traditional culture being inherited. For a more effective conservation, a multi- stakeholder process should be established involving governments at different levels, multi-disciplinary scientists, communities and farmers, and business enterprises as well as social organizations. As has been demonstrated, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems aims to promote the regional sustainable development, to improve the livelihood, food security and well-being of farm people, and to provide references for the development of modern agriculture in China.
