With rapid economy growth,building energy consumption in China has been gradually increased.The energy consumption and indoor environmental quality of 51 office buildings in Hainan Province,a hot and humid area,were s...With rapid economy growth,building energy consumption in China has been gradually increased.The energy consumption and indoor environmental quality of 51 office buildings in Hainan Province,a hot and humid area,were studied through collection of verified data in site visits and field tests.The result revealed that,electricity accounted for 99.79% of the total energy consumption,natural gas 0.17%,and diesel 0.04%.The air conditioning dominated the energy use with a share of 43.18%,equipment in the particular areas 26.90%,equipment in the office rooms 11.95%,lighting system 8.67%,general service system 7.57%,and miscellaneous items 1.73%.Statistical method including six indicators obtained the energy consumption benchmark with upper limit of 98.31 kW-h/m2 and lower limit of 55.26 kW-h/m2.According to ASHRAE standard(comfortable standard) and GB/T 18883-2002(acceptable standard),the indoor environmental quality of 51 sampled office buildings was classified into three ranks:good,normal and bad.With benchmark of building energy consumption combined with indoor environmental quality,it was found that only 3.92% of sampled buildings can be identified as the best performance buildings with low energy consumption and advanced indoor environmental quality,and the buildings classified into normal level accounted for the maximum ratio.展开更多
CHINA＇S Historical Choice in Global Governance by He Yafei,deputy head of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council,has drawn broad attention from the diplomatic circle in and outside the country.Mr.He...CHINA＇S Historical Choice in Global Governance by He Yafei,deputy head of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council,has drawn broad attention from the diplomatic circle in and outside the country.Mr.He,formerly China＇s vice foreign minister,is a veteran diplomat.展开更多
This paper proposes the financial index of payback period analysis in order to evaluate the economic performance of lighting system. Conventional designs and proposed optimal design using the Energy Conversation Promo...This paper proposes the financial index of payback period analysis in order to evaluate the economic performance of lighting system. Conventional designs and proposed optimal design using the Energy Conversation Promotion Act （No. 2） B.E. 2550 of Ministry of Energy （Section--The Type or Size of Building Standards and Rules and Procedures, Building Design for Energy Conservation, Act B.E. 2552） are compared based on illumination standard for office building in term of energy consumption, return of investment and environmental impact. Firstly, the Type or Size of Building Standards and Rule and Procedures, Building Design for Energy Conservation, Act B.E. 2552 is reviewed and compared with the conventional designs of lighting system for office building. Next, the lifetime energy consumption of fluorescent lamp T5 with electronic ballast, fluorescent lamp T8 with standard ballast and fluorescent lamp T8 with electronic ballast are simulated using DIALux software program in three sizes office buildings. Then, the payback period and CO2 emission of lighting system for selected office building are simulated by various scenarios, which the analytical results show are the optimal lighting system for office building under the present situation. Finally, the optimal design of lighting system for designated office building in Thailand will be discussed with respect to the energy performance with environmental friendly.展开更多
The article analysis the external market environment and the situation of requirement and the competitor in market of office building with the same rank and the same type according to market research, the aim is to re...The article analysis the external market environment and the situation of requirement and the competitor in market of office building with the same rank and the same type according to market research, the aim is to research the whole processing operation and management, including making the marker orientation, confirming and finding the potential lesse making the rent plan, negotiating and signing the contract.展开更多
Adoption of telework in Chinese organizations is still uncommon in spite of enough penetration of ICTs into working environment. In order to explore factors that hinder telework adoption in China, this study addresses...Adoption of telework in Chinese organizations is still uncommon in spite of enough penetration of ICTs into working environment. In order to explore factors that hinder telework adoption in China, this study addresses which individual or environmental factors affect people＇s decision to adopt telework and especially focus on the perception of and attitude toward telework （lllegems et al. 2001） as one of the key factors for telework implementation. By identifying variables that may have an impact on the attitude towards telework acceptance based on the literature reviews, the author collected the data of employees/managers from Chinese organizations through the online survey in 2014. The analyses show that there is statistically significant difference in attitude between men and women, employees and managers, and different marital status and commuting time groups. The findings suggest that China-specific cultural and environmental factors impede the adoption and/or acceptance oftelework.展开更多
Till about 15 years ago, almost all information exchange among scientists and scholars was mediated by print and even then researchers in the developing countries were at a great disadvantage as their libraries did no...Till about 15 years ago, almost all information exchange among scientists and scholars was mediated by print and even then researchers in the developing countries were at a great disadvantage as their libraries did not have the resources to subscribe in comparison with even a small fraction of journals libraries in advanced countries. But the Internet and the World Wide Web initially exacerbated the gap between the rich and the poor countries, as many poor countries were slow to acquire these technologies and the infrastructure (especially bandwidth). Soon it became clear that thanks to these technologies we now have the unprecedented opportunity of having a level playing field in the matter of accessing scientific and scholarly information. Transforming this opportunity into reality is entirely in the hands of the researchers themselves. Imagine a world where every scientist places his/ her research papers, which (s)he wants to give away so others can read and make use of, in a public archive. Anyone anywhere in the world, of course having an Internet connection, can access, download, and read those papers. This is a win-win situation for all: the reader gets to read what he wants to read at very little cost; the author gains greater visibility for his work and the work reported is likely to have greater impact than if it were to be made available only through a toll-access journal. Although the logic is so simple, in reality such archives were not coming up for a very long time. In spite of the fact that computer scientists and physicists had shown about 15 years ago the great advantages of such archives. Recent studies by Alma Swan and others have shown that a very large proportion of scientists are not aware of open access and therefore what we need is focused advocacy. Even among those who know of OA, many are not depositing their papers in archives but say they would if they are asked by their bosses or their funding agencies. Clearly the ball is in the court of scientists and policy makers. OA is especially advantageous to the developing countries as the current access to literatures is poorest in these countries.展开更多
基金Project(2011BAJ01B05) supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period of China
文摘With rapid economy growth,building energy consumption in China has been gradually increased.The energy consumption and indoor environmental quality of 51 office buildings in Hainan Province,a hot and humid area,were studied through collection of verified data in site visits and field tests.The result revealed that,electricity accounted for 99.79% of the total energy consumption,natural gas 0.17%,and diesel 0.04%.The air conditioning dominated the energy use with a share of 43.18%,equipment in the particular areas 26.90%,equipment in the office rooms 11.95%,lighting system 8.67%,general service system 7.57%,and miscellaneous items 1.73%.Statistical method including six indicators obtained the energy consumption benchmark with upper limit of 98.31 kW-h/m2 and lower limit of 55.26 kW-h/m2.According to ASHRAE standard(comfortable standard) and GB/T 18883-2002(acceptable standard),the indoor environmental quality of 51 sampled office buildings was classified into three ranks:good,normal and bad.With benchmark of building energy consumption combined with indoor environmental quality,it was found that only 3.92% of sampled buildings can be identified as the best performance buildings with low energy consumption and advanced indoor environmental quality,and the buildings classified into normal level accounted for the maximum ratio.
文摘CHINA＇S Historical Choice in Global Governance by He Yafei,deputy head of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council,has drawn broad attention from the diplomatic circle in and outside the country.Mr.He,formerly China＇s vice foreign minister,is a veteran diplomat.
文摘This paper proposes the financial index of payback period analysis in order to evaluate the economic performance of lighting system. Conventional designs and proposed optimal design using the Energy Conversation Promotion Act （No. 2） B.E. 2550 of Ministry of Energy （Section--The Type or Size of Building Standards and Rules and Procedures, Building Design for Energy Conservation, Act B.E. 2552） are compared based on illumination standard for office building in term of energy consumption, return of investment and environmental impact. Firstly, the Type or Size of Building Standards and Rule and Procedures, Building Design for Energy Conservation, Act B.E. 2552 is reviewed and compared with the conventional designs of lighting system for office building. Next, the lifetime energy consumption of fluorescent lamp T5 with electronic ballast, fluorescent lamp T8 with standard ballast and fluorescent lamp T8 with electronic ballast are simulated using DIALux software program in three sizes office buildings. Then, the payback period and CO2 emission of lighting system for selected office building are simulated by various scenarios, which the analytical results show are the optimal lighting system for office building under the present situation. Finally, the optimal design of lighting system for designated office building in Thailand will be discussed with respect to the energy performance with environmental friendly.
文摘The article analysis the external market environment and the situation of requirement and the competitor in market of office building with the same rank and the same type according to market research, the aim is to research the whole processing operation and management, including making the marker orientation, confirming and finding the potential lesse making the rent plan, negotiating and signing the contract.
文摘Adoption of telework in Chinese organizations is still uncommon in spite of enough penetration of ICTs into working environment. In order to explore factors that hinder telework adoption in China, this study addresses which individual or environmental factors affect people＇s decision to adopt telework and especially focus on the perception of and attitude toward telework （lllegems et al. 2001） as one of the key factors for telework implementation. By identifying variables that may have an impact on the attitude towards telework acceptance based on the literature reviews, the author collected the data of employees/managers from Chinese organizations through the online survey in 2014. The analyses show that there is statistically significant difference in attitude between men and women, employees and managers, and different marital status and commuting time groups. The findings suggest that China-specific cultural and environmental factors impede the adoption and/or acceptance oftelework.
文摘Till about 15 years ago, almost all information exchange among scientists and scholars was mediated by print and even then researchers in the developing countries were at a great disadvantage as their libraries did not have the resources to subscribe in comparison with even a small fraction of journals libraries in advanced countries. But the Internet and the World Wide Web initially exacerbated the gap between the rich and the poor countries, as many poor countries were slow to acquire these technologies and the infrastructure (especially bandwidth). Soon it became clear that thanks to these technologies we now have the unprecedented opportunity of having a level playing field in the matter of accessing scientific and scholarly information. Transforming this opportunity into reality is entirely in the hands of the researchers themselves. Imagine a world where every scientist places his/ her research papers, which (s)he wants to give away so others can read and make use of, in a public archive. Anyone anywhere in the world, of course having an Internet connection, can access, download, and read those papers. This is a win-win situation for all: the reader gets to read what he wants to read at very little cost; the author gains greater visibility for his work and the work reported is likely to have greater impact than if it were to be made available only through a toll-access journal. Although the logic is so simple, in reality such archives were not coming up for a very long time. In spite of the fact that computer scientists and physicists had shown about 15 years ago the great advantages of such archives. Recent studies by Alma Swan and others have shown that a very large proportion of scientists are not aware of open access and therefore what we need is focused advocacy. Even among those who know of OA, many are not depositing their papers in archives but say they would if they are asked by their bosses or their funding agencies. Clearly the ball is in the court of scientists and policy makers. OA is especially advantageous to the developing countries as the current access to literatures is poorest in these countries.
