国内外种质在山东大豆品种改良上的应用

品种间的地理远缘杂交对拓宽种质的遗传基础、扩大变异范围有重要的作用。本文通过山东省引用国内外种质的分析及育成推广品种的系谱分析,概述了国内外种质在山东的表现特点及对山东大豆改良的作用,阐述了大豆育种中的几个问题。

Comparative Study on Seed Traits of Purple Flower Platycodon grandiflorum and White Flower Platycodon grandiflorum

[ Objective] The experiment aimed to carry out investigation and analysis on seed traits of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum and purple flower Platycodon grandif/orum. [Method] 13 white flower Plalycodon grandiflorumand purple flower Platycodon grandiflorumfrom China and foreign countrias were taken as research objects. Their seed traits such as seed length, seed width, thickness of seed and 1 000-grain weight were comparatively analyzed. [ Result] The average seed length, average seed width, average seed thickness and average 1 000-grain weight of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were all smaller than these of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum. The seed length of Korean white flower Platycodon grandiflorum was relatively longer and seed lengths of other white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were all shorter than these of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum. The seed widths of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were smaller than these of purple flower P/atycodon grandiflorum, except these of Korean white flower Platycodon grandiflorum, Heilongjiang Ning＇an and South Korean Jiangyuan. The 1 000-grain weights of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were all smaller than these of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum, except these of Korean Rajin and Sancheng white flower Platycodon grandiflorum. [ Conclusion] The result of this experiment provided reference for rational utilizations of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum and white flower Platycodon grandiflorum.

加拿大玉米群体与我国主要玉米种质杂种优势关系分析

将20个加拿大早熟玉米群体与4个我国主要种质类群的代表自交系按照NCⅡ设计组配80个测交组合,2006、2007年进行田间鉴定试验,研究引进群体与我国主要种质类群的杂种优势关系。结果表明,EP1、EP9、EP14、EP15、EP16和EP17群体单株产量等综合性状一般配合力效应表现较好;EP1、EP8和EP19群体属于塘四平头群,EP12、EP14、EP15和EP22属于Reid群,EP17、EP20、EP21和EP23属于Lancaster群,EP3、EP6、EP7、EP9、EP10、EP11、EP13、EP16和EP18属于旅大红骨群;加拿大早熟玉米群体与旅大红骨类群的杂种优势最强。