国务院关于辽河流域防洪规划的批复

国函[2008]13号河北省、内蒙古自治区、辽宁省、吉林省人民政府,发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、建设部、铁道部、交通部、水利部、农业部、环保总局、林业局、气象局:《关于审批海河流域防洪规划的请示》(水规划[2007]454号)收悉。现批复如下:

国务院关于珠江流域防洪规划的批复

国函[2007]40号江西省、湖南省、广东省、广西壮族自治区、贵州省、云南省人民政府,发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、建设部、铁道部、交通部、信息产业部、水利部、农业部、环保总局、林业局、气象局:水利部报送的《关于批复珠江流域防洪规划的请示》(水规计[2007]104号)收悉。

国务院关于太湖流域防洪规划的批复

国函[2008]12号上海市、江苏省、浙江省、安徽省人民政府,发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、建设部、铁道部、交通部、水利部、农业部、环保总局、林业局、气象局:《关于审批海河流域防洪规划的请示》(水规划[2007]453号)收悉。现批复如下:

国务院关于海河流域防洪规划的批复

国函[2008]11号北京市、天津市、河北省、山西省、内蒙古自治区、辽宁省、山东省、河南省人民政府,发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、建设部、铁道部、交通部、水利部、农业部、环保总局、林业局、气象局:水利部《关于审批海河流域防洪规划的请示》(水规划[2007]452号)收悉。现批复如下:

国务院关于黄河流域防洪规划的批复

国函[2008]63号山西省、内蒙古自治区、山东省、河南省、四川省、陕西省、甘肃省、青海省、宁夏回族自治区人民政府,发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、环境保护部、住房城乡建设部、交通运输部、铁道部、水利部、农业部、林业局、气象局。

国务院关于松花江流域防洪规划的批复

国函[2008]14号内蒙古自治区、辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省人民政府,发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、建设部、铁道部、交通部、水利部、农业部、环保总局、林业局、气象局:《关于审批海河流域防洪规划的请示》(水规划[2007]455号)收悉。现批复如下:

国务院关于长江流域防洪规划的批复

国函[2008]62号上海市、江苏省、安徽省、江西省、河南省、湖北省、湖南省、广西壮族自治区、重庆市、四川省、贵州省、云南省、西藏自治区、陕西省、甘肃省、青海省人民政府,发展改革委、财政部、国土资源部、环境保护部、住房城乡建设部、交通运输部、铁道部、水利部、农业部、林业局、气象局。

Performance of Weibull function as a diameter distribution model for Pinus thunbergii stands in the eastern coast of South Korea

This study was carried out to determine the performance of percentile-based Weibull diameter distribution model for Pinus thunbergii stands thriving along the eastern coast of South Korea. The parameter recovery technique was used to estimate the three parameters of the Weibull model. The analysis demonstrated satisfactory results based on the following test statistics for the principal percentile models： fit index （FI） range from 0.501（minimum diameter） to 0.932 （50th diameter percentiles） and root mean square error （RMSE） range from 0.112 （quadratic mean diameter） to 3.572 （minimum diameter）. The developed model was further evaluated by determining the mean bias （E） in trees per ha （TPH） for each diameter class, and the results showed highest over-prediction in the 20 cm, and under-prediction in the x6 cm and 24 cm diameter classes. The goodness of fit tested by Kolmogorov- Smirnov （KS） test showed no significant differences （P〉0.05） between the observed and predicted diameter distributions for almost all plots. Using site index and aboveground biomass （AGB） models developed for P. thunbergii in South Korea, a model to predict the AGB per ha for each diameter class and subsequently the total AGB of the stand was created. An application guide was also created, which will serve as a decision-support tool for forest managers in quantifying the future total AGB in P. thunbergii stands located in the eastern coast of South Korea and, subsequently, the quantification of potential carbon stocks aside from being a vital input in designing efficient management and protection strategies for these stands.

What can the changes in shield resistance tell us during the period of shearer's cutting and neighboring shields' advance?

In order to determine the influence of shearer's cutting and neighboring shields' advance on the support resistance variation, leg pressure data of all 235 shields in the panel LW61 of Cumberland coal mine were analyzed. The results show that the relationship between the leg pressure increment and the distance from shield to front drum of shearer is a quadratic function and that the higher leg pressure increment before shield advance tends to be related to adverse roof conditions. In addition, the three proposed leg pressure increment-related parameters and the three traditional parameters(time-weighted average pressure, setting pressure, and final pressure) of approximately 32000 shield supporting cycles were calculated by a self-developed software package to analyze the correlation between them. The results show that there is a powerful connection between them, and that the three proposed leg pressure increment-related parameters could be used as the indexes to evaluate the interaction between shields and the roof, and to identify the periodic weighting.

Variations of Snow Temperature and their Influence on Snow Cover Physical Parameters in the Western Tianshan Mountains,China

This article discussed about snow temperature variations and their impact on snow cover parameters. Automatic temperature recorders were used to sample at lo-minute intervals at the Tianshan Station for Snow-cover and Avalanche Research, Chinese snow temperature Academy of Sciences. lo-layer and the snow cover parameters were measured by the snow property analyzer （Snow Fork） in its Stable period, Interim period and Snow melting period. Results indicate that the amplitude of the diurnal fluctuation in the temperature during Snow melting period is 1.62 times greater than that during Stable period. Time up to the peak temperature at the snow surface lags behind the peak solar radiation by more than 2.5 hours, and lags behind the peak atmospheric temperature by more than 0.2 hours during all three periods. The optimal fitted function of snow temperature profile becomes more complicated from Stable period to Snow melting period. 22 h temperature profiles in Stable period are the optimal fitted by cubic polynomial equation. In Interim period and Snow melting period, temperature profiles are optimal fitted by exponential equation between sunset and sunrise, and by Fourier function when solar radiation is strong. The vertical gradient in the snow temperature reaches its maximum value at the snow surface for three periods. The peak of this maximum value occurs during Stableperiod, and is 4.46 times greater than during Interim period. The absolute value of temperature gradient is lower than 0.1℃ cm-1 for 30 cm beneath snow surface. Snow temperature and temperature gradient in Stable period-Interim period indirectly cause increase （decrease） of snow density mainly by increasing （decreasing） permittivity. While it dramatically increases its water content to change its permittivity and snow density in Snow melting period.

Cubature Formula and Interpolation on the Cubic Domain

Several cubature formulas on the cubic domains are derived using the discrete Fourier analysis associated with lattice tiling, as developed in [10]. The main results consist of a new derivation of the Gaussian type cubature for the product Chebyshev weight functions and associated interpolation polynomials on [-1,1]^2, as well as new results on [-1, 1]^3. In particular, compact formulas for the fundamental interpolation polynomials are derived, based on n3/4 ＋ O（n^2） nodes of a cubature formula on [-1,1]^3.

Vertical Structure of the Tidal Currents on the Continental Shelf of the East China Sea

The available data on tidal currents spanning periods greater than six months for the continental shelf of the East China Sea (26°30.052′N, 122°35.998′E) were analyzed using several methods. Tidal Current Harmonic Analysis results demonstrated that semi-diurnal tides dominated the current movement. The tidal currents of the principal diurnal and semidiurnal rotated clockwise with depth, with the deflection of the major semi-axes to the right in the upper layer and to the left in the lower layer. The vertical structures of two principal semi-diurnal constituents-M2 and S2-were similar, which indicates that the tidal currents are mainly barotropic in this area. The main features of the variation of the four principal tidal constituents with depth demonstrate that the currents in this region are influenced by the upper and lower boundary layers. Therefore, the tidal constituents of the shallow water are similar. Different vertical modes were calculated based on the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of the Eastern and Northern components of the tidal currents, with a variance contribution for the zero-order model of at least 90%. The variance contribution of the baroclinic model is minimal, which further reveals a strong barotropic character for the tidal currents of this region.

Study on principles of English translation

With the rapid development of economic globalization and China＇ s reform and opening up, the importance of business English translation in international economic exchanges become increasingly prominent. Business English is a special purpose English, so other forms of business English translation and translation of literary translation has many differences, so there are significant limitations in using the traditional translation theory to guide business English translation. From the functional point of view, learn teleological function theory contained, Communicative Translation Theory and Functional Equivalence Business English translation functionality, combined with a large number of business English translation instance, from the lexical, syntactic and discourse level analysis system to make the characteristics of business English, meanwhile, according to the characteristics functional Theory to give the guidance of business English translation, and proposed some specific business English translation principles, strategies and techniques.

Field Capacity in Black Soil Region, Northeast China

In this work, 23 black soil profiles were surveyed and 113 soil samples were collected to determine the field capacity (FC) of the black soil in Northeast China. The effectiveness of three methods measuring FC, the Wilcox method (WM), the undisturbed soil pressure plate method (PUM) and the air-dried sieved soil pressure plate method (PDM) were compared to select a suitable laboratory measurement method. Results show that the FC values measured by PDM are greater than those measured by PUM, and the values measured by PUM are greater than those measured by WM. PUM is more suitable for the determination of FC in the study area. One regression equation between PUM and PDM has been established through which undisturbed soil can be replaced by air-dried sieved soil, which is easier to get, to measure FC. FCs vary from 23.50% to 37.00%, with an average of 31.65%, which differ greatly among the 23 black soil profiles. FC is found to be significantly positively correlated with the silt content, clay content and bulk density of the soil, but significantly negatively correlated with the sand content. An empirical pedotransfer function is established to estimate the FC using available soil physical and chemical properties.

Study of Chinese Economic "Growth Drag" Caused by Land Resource in the Perspective of the Modified Two-Level CES Production Function

The purpose of the study is to measure the "growth drag" according to the characteristic of Chinese land resource.Romer model (2001) holds that every country is inevitably affected by the "growth drag" due to the limitation of land resource.So it's of profound strategic significance to measure the "growth drag" according to the character of Chinese land resource.Modified two-level CES production function was employed,and this paper modified the hypothesis of the model.The result indicates that the limitation of Chinese land resource casts shadow over the economic development of China,and the growth rate is 0.4618% lower than that without the limitation of land resource.Through implementing the land resource protection policy along with the technology improvement and the substitute effect of other factors to the land resource,China will keep a steady and balanced economic growth.

Morphological Variation of Donax spp. from Five Beaches in Prachaupkhirikhan, Thailand

Five hundred samples ofDonax spp. were collected from five beaches （Khao Tao, Sea Pine Garden, Pran Buri Forest Park, Sam Roi Yod, and Sam Phraya） in Prachaupkhirikhan province, Thailand. Five morphological variables of each individual were measured and analyzed to reveal morphological variation. The discriminant function analysis of morphology suggested a clear separation into two groups. The individuals from Khao Tao and Sea Pine Garden were grouped together while individuals from Pran Buri Forest Park, Sam Roi Yod and Sam Phraya were classified into the same group. The classification function of discriminant function analysis suggested that 70% of Khao Tao population, 70% of Sea Pine Garden population, 67% of Pran Buri Forest Park population, 64% of Sam Roi Yod population and 34% of Sam Phraya population of Donax spp. could be correctly reassigned by morphology. The misclassification individuals of Sam Phraya population were assigned to Pran Buri Forest Park and Sam Roi Yod population with the correct assignment 38% and 27%, respectively. The results obtained in this study based on morphological variation indicated that Khao Tao and Sea Pine Garden populations ofDonax spp. should be treated as separated units from the other three populations for conservation management. However, the result should be confirmed again as genetic level.

Research on Chinese place name recognition based on kernel classifier

A SVMs (Support Vector Machines) based method to identify Chinese place names is presented. In our approach, place name candidate is located according to a rational forming assumption, then SVMs based identification strategy is used to distinguish whether one candidate is true place name or not. Referring to linguistic knowledge, basic semanteme of a contextual word and frequency information of words inside place name candidate are selected as features in our methodology. So dimension in the feature space is reduced dramatically and processing procedure is performed more efficiently. Result of open testing on unregistered place names achieves F-measure 83.25 in 8.17 million words news based on this project.

Seasonal-to-interannual variability of chlorophyll in central western South China Sea extracted from SeaWiFS

Using 10-year （January 1998-October 2007） dataset of Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor （SeaWiFS）, we extracted the dominant spatial patterns and temporal variations of the chlorophyll distribution in the central western South China Sea （SCS） through Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The results show that the first EOF mode is characterized by a high chlorophyll concentration zone along the Vietnam coast. We found two peaks in summer （July-August） and in winter （December）, respectively, in normal years. The second EOF mode is characterized by a jet-shaped tongue of high chlorophyll concentration extending seaward to the northeast in slammer （July-August）. To investigate the interannual variability of the chlorophyll concentration, we extracted the first non-seasonal （annual cycle removed） EOF mode, which shows high spatial variability off the southeast Vietnam coast. Both spatial pattern and time coefficients correspond well with those of sea surface temperature mode, and are closely correlated to ENSO events, with a lag of 7 months.

Optimal Forward-Scattering Angles of Atmospheric Aerosols in North China

The accurate understanding of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficients is very important for at- mospheric science research. To achieve a fast and simple method for determining the parameters, the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles of atmospheric aerosols is required. In this paper, the authors introduce the detec- tion basis of forward-scattering of atmospheric aerosols, and the authors verify the sensitivity of the phase function to the real part of the complex refractive index. The au- thors use the Jaenicke urban aerosol model to determine that forward-scattering angles near 33° are suitable. However, the optimal forward-scattering angles in North China are between 37° and 40°. Numerical simulation shows that certain types of particle size distribution of newly generated particles and pollution have limited in- fluences on the selection of forward-scattering angles. But the ranges of these insensitive angles shift - 10 degrees for dust intrusion, and the relative deviations of the phase function are less than 5.0% within extra angles of 0° to 3°. This study can serve as a reference for the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles for visibility meters and Present Weather Identifiers （PWIs） in addition to the de- tection of forward-scattering optical properties.

Estimation of Money Demand Function of South Korea Considering Regime Switching

The stability of money demand function is an important issue in macroeconomic policy implementation. Money demand of Korean economy was estimated. Cointegration test with time dummy variables results show that there is not only long-run equilibrium relationship between money demand and macroeconomic variables, but also structural breaks in this equilibrium relationships. Least squares, state-space, and Marcov switching methods show that there also has been instability （or regime shifts） of parameters in money demand, especially over 1997 crisis and the early 2000s. This fact implies that monetary policy for stabilization might encounter big problems due to change （instability） of money demand.