国家文化数字化战略:技术路线与中心环节

随着互联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能、区块链等新兴技术日益融入经济社会发展各领域全过程,我国从建设社会主义文化强国、厚植数字时代文化自信的高度,对国家文化数字化作出战略部署,以积极应对科技革命和产业变革给文化建设带来的机遇和挑战。国家文化数字化战略,旨在构建从文化资源到文化生产再到文化传播、文化消费的全新体系。实施国家文化数字化战略的出发点是发力供给侧、激活文化资源,实现文化生产体系现代化。各级各类文化机构是国家文化数字化战略的重要实施主体,在数字化转型过程中仍面临版权保护、数据安全、投入产出失衡等问题,构建国家文化专网、加强标识解析体系建设则是针对这些问题的技术解决方案。促进文化数字化生产力充分发展是实施国家文化数字化战略的中心环节,其中数据是核心生产要素,数据关联是核心生产力,应通过数据分类、编目、标签化,实现文化内容采集、加工、交易、分发、呈现全流程数据化,打通数据孤岛,实现数据关联,推动文化产业发展迈上新的台阶。

钻井液设计专家系统规则库的检测算法

钻井液设计专家系统规则库的规模随着规则的更新与日俱增,对规则库的维护工作变得日益重要。针对规则库的从属、冗余、环路和冲突等问题提出一种检测算法。引入有向超图来表示规则库中的规则;用邻接矩阵表示该有向超图,并计算出它的可达矩阵和总可达矩阵;用总可达矩阵对规则库进行检测,找出规则库中存在的问题。实验表明,与已有的检测算法相比,该算法能够有效地检测出规则库中存在的问题,同时构建的邻接矩阵规模较小,在保证算法简洁的基础上提高了效率。

广电5G+应急通信专网建设和应用分析

本文基于广电5G的优势,详细分析了广电5G+应急通信专网建设方案和主要应用服务。

从广播电视网络到国家文化专网——广电网络新质生产力发展战略思考

党的二十大报告和中央、国务院出台的《数字中国建设整体布局规划》《关于推进实施国家文化数字化战略的意见》都明确要求依托有线广播电视网来建设国家文化专网及国家文化大数据体系。基于这样的发展新起点,在习近平文化思想引领下,本文通过总结广电网络发展的重要成功经验和发展模式,观照正在推进实施中的文化数字化战略和国家文化专网开发建设项目,指出行业对几十年发展积累的成功经验应倍加珍惜,加以借鉴。文章聚焦广电公共服务供给侧管理存在的主要问题,从巩固提升既有广电公共服务能力的层面,提出相应的对策和措施,以期通过国家文化专网建设,培育发展广电网络新质生产力,推进国家文化数字化战略实施,并实现广电网络的转型发展。

国有商业银行的改革能成功吗?

一、引言前不久,中国建设银行股份有限公司在其网站上公布了股份公司成立后的第一份年报,数据显示,2004年,建行税前利润达到502.16亿元,创历史最好水平;不良贷款率降至3.92%,资产质量显著提高;资产利润率和净资产收益率分别达到1.3%和25.4%,盈利能力呈良性发展势头;剔除当年股份制改造所得税税收优惠政策因素,资产利润率和净资产收益率仍分别达到0.88%和17.28%;资本充足率达到11.29%,资本实力大为增强;成本收入比39.17%,成本控制水平明显提升。年报披露数据表明,建设银行2004年度的主要经营指标已经接近国际上100家大银行中等偏上的水平。

辽宁省人民政府办公厅转发省知识产权局等部门关于加强战略性新兴产业知识产权工作实施意见的通知

辽宁省入民政府办公厅文件辽政办发[2012]64号各市人民政府,省政府各厅委、各直属机构:经省政府同意,现将省知识产权局、省发展改革委、省教育厅、省科技厅、省经济和信息化委、省财政厅、省服务业委、省外经贸厅、省中小企业厅、省工商局、省新闻出版局、省政府金融办、中科院沈阳分院《关于加强战略性新兴产业知识产权工作的实施意见》转发给你们,请结合本地区、本部门实际,认真贯彻执行。

Chinese expert consensus on the non-invasive imaging examination pathways of stable coronary artery disease

1 Introduction Early detection and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease （SCAD） is essential for proactive secondary prevention of myocardial infarction （MI）, control of disease progress, and reduction of mortality. Clinical decision-making in modem medicine is increasingly dependent on cardiovascular imaging techniques. 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/ PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease has been issued by American Heart Association （AHA）. European Society of Cardiology （ESC） has issued 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease.

CGE Simulation for Levying Carbon Tax in China and International Experience of Levying Carbon Tax

Levying carbon tax is conducive to reducing carbon dioxide emissions and protecting the environment.The author firstly reviewed some relevant empirical studies on carbon tax both home and abroad,and then established the CGE model and simulated levying carbon tax in China.The study found that levying carbon tax would have little impact on China's economy:in a short-term,China's GDP might decrease by 0.51%,while in a long-term it might decrease by 0.08%;however,the carbon dioxide emissions would be substantially reduced.Meanwhile,levying carbon tax has some negative impact on the output of each industry in the very economic structure;of this,the mineral extractive industries would be influenced the most.Then the author summarized experience of levying carbon tax in foreign countries.

Development of an Intelligent Voltage Control System for Jeju Island Power System in Korea

As the voltage has local characteristics in a power system, system voltage control has depended on human experts in distribution substation local reactive power control station so far in Korea. Since coordinative automatic control has been possible due to the recent advances in computers and communication networks, the hierarchical voltage control system, consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary control, has been applied in several European countries. Recently the Korea power system has been operated more closely to stability limits because of rapid growth in load-demand as seen in Europe. For this reasons, Korea electric power corporation recognized the need of the voltage control system and developed the voltage control system. This paper presents an intelligent voltage control system for domestic power system using numerical algorithm based on the sensitivity matrix and the expert system. Dynamic characteristics of the developed system are investigated using EMTDC （electromagnetic transient DC analysis program） and RTDS （real time digital simulator）. Several case studies showed the promising performance.

A Glimpse of the Initial Conditions for the Development of Science and Technology and Soviet Specialists in the PRC:1949–1955

This article aims to analyze the so-called“starting point”when modern scientific and technological successes in China were in their infancy,and to provide the reader with insight on how various challenges were overcome in their development.The period under review is 1949–1955.The information about this period was obtained from Soviet archives and special literature.The first part of the article describes the state of affairs in the People’s Republic of China(PRC)in the early years of its formation,focusing on education,science,industry(including military),communications,and rail transport.The second part turns to the Soviet specialists working in the PRC during these years,focusing on their profession,number,cities of residence and living conditions.Issues regarding Chinese specialists’internship in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(USSR)are also touched upon.The article selects several lesserknown areas in which professional competencies were established in this very weak post-war country to discover the origins of the most important science and technology in the contemporary PRC,thereby contributing to readers’understanding of the initial conditions for the development of science and technology in China.

The Wisdom of the Many and Fichte＇s ＂We＂

In order to consider the Wisdom of the Many, one has to reconsider Aristotle＇s statement about the source of a nation-state concerning political ＂gregarism＂--how it is called today, and why this belongs to the essentials of political constitution. Beforehand, this concept should not provide an instance of theoretical indulgence for emotional concepts or alike. Then, this statement will have to be confronted with the core argument of the Wisdom of the Many, together with the interpretation of Waldron. It will be interpreted as the counterpart of gregarism： When several people find together a solution, which eventually overrules that of the （few） expert（s）, they rely upon a common focus or an instance of polar consciousness. This includes the final question if the shared consciousness-or the polarity condition-is not able to also dominate and manifest within a group of experts, of those sufficiently erudite. As a token of possible evidence, the answer is given with Fichte, his lecture of the Science of Knowledge of 1804 by reason of the succinct reliance upon the plural ＂We.＂

国家文化数字化战略:顶层架构与关键环节

实施国家文化数字化战略是党中央、国务院的决策部署,已写入党的二十大报告和中共中央、国务院印发的《数字中国建设整体布局规划》,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于推进实施国家文化数字化战略的意见》进行全面部署。国家文化数字化战略要落地落实,需要我们理解和把握其顶层架构与关键环节。文章从以目标为导向建构全新体系、以云端部署为支点开辟新赛道、以交易为双中介搭建“数据超市”、以理念更新为总开关探索低成本转型升级之路、以全民共享为目标开拓新场景等五个方面进行了分析,以期达到抛砖引玉目的。

From Stalin to Putin： Russian Strategic Culture in the XXI Century, Its Continuity, and Change

The last two years have attracted the world＇s attention to Russia. The annexation of Crimea, the hybrid war in Eastern Ukraine, and finally the unexpected interference in Syria--all these actions bring us back to the question of understanding the Russian motivation properly. Generally, it includes the whole interpretation of Russian strategic culture which is based on the research and analysis of the different factors： from literature and history to religion and political nature of the Russian state. Significant attempts to understand Moscow＇s strategic culture were made by the American experts during the Cold War; therefore the article analyzes the main pillars of Russian strategic culture, its continuity and change in comparison to Soviet times as well as the main reactions of Moscow for what it considers to be a threat.

Dynamic and Field Analysis of Pile Driving in Cameroun

Complexity and implementation of design norms in Cameroon required a proven foreign expertise, but nowadays local engineers are mastering modern construction techniques. They are turning to pile foundations to solve the problem of construction sites on weak soils. The objective of this work is to present the trend of the country pile-driving capacity of some foundations design and construction companies. The proposed analytical method is based on Finite Element Method and on the theory of wave＇s propagation and transmission along the pile taking into account experimental data on the construction site. The proposed method is validated through recorded data during the construction of the Mungo Bridge in Cameroon, and obtained analytical results are in agreement with experimental results.

Theoretical Thinking on the Belt and Road Initiative

The great vision of the Belt and Road Initiative is accelerating from philosophy to reality but,based on practice,more profound thinking,sound theories and efficient policies remain necessary for ultimate success.Strategic issues include globalization,advancement in Chinese philosophy,Islamic modernization,and technological and productive forces,while the challenges in balancing development and security are continual.Significant technical issues like international discourse rights,geopolitical significance,response to NGOs,monetary and financial capability,and military and intelligence expertise will predominate going forward.

Social Work as a Research-Based Profession： Opportunities, Prerequisites and Restrictions

The concept of research-based social work is introduced and discussed from the point of view of preconditions for its realization. Attention is paid both to the academic research of social work and to opportunities for developing a knowledge-producing social work practice. Both of these are seen as essential elements of a research-based profession. On the one hand, the academic research is necessary for development of social work as a research-based professional system, and on the other hand, a knowledge-producing practice, conducted by research-oriented practitioners, can only be realized within such a system. Historically, social work has been partly developed as a knowledge-applying instead of a knowledge-producing profession, although the central founding pioneers emphasized the importance of an own-knowledge basis and theory formation, as well as the idea of knowledge-producing practice based on a corresponding professional identity. The future of social work as a professional system in modern society may depend decisively on how it develops a research-based professional identity, not only in the sense of academic research but also through practitioners with research orientation. These are practitioners who would be capable of research-based working in terms of creative knowledge production, thus of developing social work as a credible research-based profession. This can be created only through education in which the development of necessary professional skills is linked to advanced academic meta-skills. There are good reasons to suspect that a three-year education is too short for this.

Mapping Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of Northeastern China Using Expert Knowledge and GIS-based Methods

The main aim of this paper was to calculate soil organic carbon stock(SOCS) with consideration of the pedogenetic horizons using expert knowledge and GIS-based methods in northeastern China.A novel prediction process was presented and was referred to as model-then-calculate with respect to the variable thicknesses of soil horizons(MCV).The model-then-calculate with fixed-thickness(MCF),soil profile statistics(SPS),pedological professional knowledge-based(PKB) and vegetation type-based(Veg) methods were carried out for comparison.With respect to the similar pedological information,nine common layers from topsoil to bedrock were grouped in the MCV.Validation results suggested that the MCV method generated better performance than the other methods considered.For the comparison of polygon based approaches,the Veg method generated better accuracy than both SPS and PKB,as limited soil data were incorporated.Additional prediction of the pedogenetic horizons within MCV benefitted the regional SOCS estimation and provided information for future soil classification and understanding of soil functions.The intermediate product,that is,horizon thickness maps were fluctuant enough and reflected many details in space.The linear mixed model indicated that mean annual air temperature(MAAT) was the most important predictor for the SOCS simulation.The minimal residual of the linear mixed models was achieved in the vegetation type-based model,whereas the maximal residual was fitted in the soil type-based model.About 95% of SOCS could be found in Argosols,Cambosols and Isohumosols.The largest SOCS was found in the croplands with vegetation of Triticum aestivum L.,Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench,Glycine max(L.) Merr.,Zea mays L.and Setaria italica(L.) P.Beauv.

Board Independence and Internal Committees in the BRICs

To be successful in global markets, companies from the emerging countries need the approval of foreign investors and other stakeholders. In this regard, Brazil, Russia, India, and China （BRIC） have progressively strengthened their corporate governance rules to help their companies overcome the competitors from the old industrialized countries. Directors＇ non-executive qualification, independence, and professional expertise represent basic requirements for effective corporate governance, so they should be carefully considered to guarantee a proper board composition and an adequate establishment of internal committees in listed companies. The paper intends to compare the legislative and regulatory frameworks adopted by the four countries; then it aims at answering to the following research questions by means of an empirical investigation： Have BRIC companies appointed non-executive and independent board members？ What do BRIC companies do in order to assure an effective participation of non-executive and independent board members to corporate governance activities？ Have BRIC companies established internal committees？ The research examines the appointment of non-executive directors and independent directors to the boards of 100 BRIC leading firms, as well as their involvement in internal committees focused on matters requiring motivated and impartial opinions. Although the laws and recommendations seem to favor a general convergence of corporate governance principles among the four BRIC and towards the international best practices, some differences and peculiarities emerge from a firm-level perspective. Indeed, the Indian and the Chinese companies analyzed appear more inclined than the Brazilian and the Russian ones to reassure their international stakeholders about board independence and effective committees.

The Restoration of Kidane Mehret Church in Sen＇afe

The Church of Kidane Mehret stands at 2,450 m above sea level, close to the village of Sen＇afe, on the border between Ethiopia and Eritrea. Probably built in the fifteenth or sixteenth century, the church gradually became a ruin in the middle of the last century. Following the intervention of the monks of this church, a restoration program was set up in 2006. With the agreement of the National Museum in Asmara and the World Monuments Fund, funding was collected together by the German Embassy, the French Embassy, and the Alliance Fran^aise of Asmara, which made it possible to restore the church, between 2006 and 2008. Teams of workmen and women were created to this end. Only traditional techniques were employed for the masonry of the walls, the wooden roofing the plastering, and the interior paintwork. This project, which conforms to the Charter of Venice, could serve as an example for similar restorations in the region and as a model for professional training. Finally, a trilingual article （English, German, and Tigrinya） was published in the Collection ＂Cultures et Patrimoines d＇ErythrGe＂, 2009.