山西长子精卫湖国家湿地公园湿地资源现状与保护管理对策

文章介绍了山西长子精卫湖国家湿地公园概况,对湿地资源现状进行了评价,并提出湿地保护管理对策。

红枣之乡——新郑市

新郑是河南省会郑州的南大门,是河南省对外开放重点市和加快城市化进程试点县市,先后获得中国红枣之乡、中国枣业十强县(市)、国家卫生城市、中国优秀旅游城市、全国县域经济综合实力百强县(市)及河南省林业生态县、河南省园林城市、河南省文明城市,河南省绿化模范县(市)等荣誉称号。围绕林业产业工作,重点实施生态廊道绿化工程、古枣树森林公园建设工程、具茨山国家森林公园提升改造。

Celiac disease in the developing countries: A new and challenging public health problem

In the past, celiac disease was believed to be a chronic enteropathy, almost exclusively affecting people of European origin. The availability of new, simple, very sensitive and specific serological tests （anti-gliadin, anti- endomysium and anti-transglutaminase antibody assays） have shown that celiac disease is common not only in Europe and in people of European ancestry but also in the developing countries where the major staple diet is wheat （Southern Asia, the Middle East, North West and East Africa, South America）, both in the general population and in the groups at risk. Gluten intolerance thus appears to be a widespread public health problem and an increased level of awareness and clinical suspicion are needed in the New World where physicians must learn to recognize the variable clinical presentations （classical, atypical and silent forms） of celiac disease. In the developing countries, both serological screening in the general population and serological testing in groups at risk are necessary for an early identification of celiac patients. The gluten-free diet poses a challenging public health problem in the developing countries, especially since commercial gluten-free products are not available.

Diet,ageing and genetic factors in the pathogenesis of diverticular disease

Diverticular disease(DD) is an age-related disorder of the large bowel which may affect half of the population over the age of 65 in the UK.This high prevalence ranks it as one of the most common bowel disorders in western nations.The majority of patients remain asymptomatic but there are associated life-threatening co-morbidities, which, given the large numbers of people with DD, translates into a considerable number of deaths per annum.Despite this public health burden, relatively little seems to be known about either the mechanisms of development or causality.In the 1970s, a model of DD formulated the concept that diverticula occur as a consequence of pressureinduced damage to the colon wall amongst those with a low intake of dietary fiber.In this review, we have examined the evidence regarding the influence of ageing, diet, inflammation and genetics on DD development.We argue that the evidence supporting the barotrauma hypothesis is largely anecdotal.We have also identified several gaps in the knowledge base which need to be filled before we can complete a model for the etiology of diverticular disease.

Development of two microsatellite multiplex PCR systems for high throughput genotyping in Populus euphratica

Eighteen microsatellite primer pairs previously developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for Populus tremuloides Michx. and Populus trichocarpa Tort. ＆ Gray were screened for amplification in Euphrates poplar, Populus euphratica Oliv. Thirteen loci were found to express polymorphisms ranging from two to 17 alleles. The eight most variable loci were selected to set up and optimize two multiplex polymerase chain reaction （PCR） assays. Three populations containing altogether 436 trees were used to characterize the selected loci and ascertain their applicability for parentage analysis and genotyping studies. Through cross-checking of clonal identity against sex of the genotyped trees we estimated the maximum error rate for merging genotypes to be less than 0.045.

Strategic Analysis on the Harmonious Regional Development of the Chinese Population Health

Since the reform and opening-up policy was implemented in China, the development of China＇ s medical and health undertakings has been very significant along with the rapid development of economy, and the people＇ s health level is steadily improved and the life expectancy is on the top list in the developing world. However, there are remarkable health differences among urban and rural areas, different regions, and small, medium-sized and large cities. In this paper, on the basis of the healthy social economic decision theory, the characteristics and causes of the regional difference between China＇ s residents in the health level are systematically analyzed, and then the strategies for the harmonious regional development of the Chinese population health are deeply discussed.

The Efficiency of Public Health Expenditure in Turkey Between 2003 and 2013

Turkey launched a project in 2003 known as ＂Health Transformation Programme＂ （HTP）, which enabled Turkey to make considerable progress and radical changes to the health care system. The programme in 2003 included the effectiveness and the efficiency factors within the process by setting them as the primary objectives to increase the health status of the population （effectiveness） and to use resources in the best possible manner and at the lowest possible cost （efficiency）. Accessing services according to the need of patients and state benefits according to their ability to pay would be viable under these objectives. In this study, initially, Turkish National Health System will be articulated on a literature-study basis approach to measure the efficiency of public expenditure on health. Then, the measured level of the efficiency will be analysed in Turkey, The paper serves a purpose to analyse the efficiency based on the outcomes of heath service such as satisfaction with public health services over the period of 2003-2013. A simple linear regression was employed to test the degree of statistical relation between public health expenditure and satisfaction with public health care services.

Freezing Desalination

The solidification of a binary mixture causes allowed thermosolutal convection. Under certain conditions, the separation of its components gives rise to a preferential movement of migration of solutes. The quantity and the concentration of the obtained products depend on the mechanisms of sepa＇,ration which depend on different parameters and the applied boundary conditions. In this way, the freezing of H20-NaC1 mixture makes it possible to obtain a liquid phase which is charged in solute and is called brine and a solid phase which is composed of ice being able to become fresh water, and so it can works as a desalination process. In this paper, a series of experiments of seawater freezing on cold surface is carried out at the laboratory under different operating conditions. During these experiments, the role of each parameter （temperature of crystallization, duration of crystallizat on...） which is able to impact the final composition is focused on. After a preliminary series of experiment, the yield is： improved to reach rates of salt and make it possible to regard the water produced as drinkable according to the standards of WHO （World Health Organization）.

基层档案体制改革的新尝试 我省第一家镇档案馆在东莞市大朗镇诞生

2007年1月25日,东莞市人民政府办公室下发《关于同意建立大朗镇档案馆的复函》(东府办复〔2007〕63号)文件,同意大朗镇建立档案馆。

Review of data storage and management technologies for massive remote sensing data

Aiming at the storage and management problems of massive remote sensing data,this paper gives a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and advantages of thirteen data storage centers or systems at home and abroad. They mainly include the NASA EOS,World Wind,Google Earth,Google Maps,Bing Maps,Microsoft TerraServer,ESA,Earth Simulator,GeoEye,Map World,China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application,National Satellite Meteorological Centre,and National Satellite Ocean Application Service. By summing up the practical data storage and management technologies in terms of remote sensing data storage organization and storage architecture,it will be helpful to seek more suitable techniques and methods for massive remote sensing data storage and management.

＂Who Are We？＂ Woodrow Wilson, the First World War and the Reshaping of America＇s National Identity

In the new context of the rise of United States as a world power, Woodrow Wilson seized the exceptional opportunity offered by American involvement in the First World War and wartime mobilization to reinterpret America＇s traditions and characteristics, contrasting the US with Germany, the ＂other.＂ He successfully transformed America＇s self-image and international role from the ＂model republic＂ and ＂example of freedom＂ of the nineteenth century to ＂champion of liberty＂ and ＂world leader.＂ Wilson＇s reshaping of the national identity not only facilitated wartime mobilization but also resolved America＇s identity crisis and its confusion about the role it was to play after it came on the world stage. In so doing, he identified the long-term direction of national policy for an America that had risen to be a world power. His creative interpretation of America＇s ideals, role and destiny guided his countrymen in their understanding of the meaning of their country＇s existence and its relations with the world and became the most influential foreign policy discourse of twentieth century America. This had a far-reaching influence on American foreign policy.

Heart failure research in China： current status and future direction

Heart failure is a major public health problem worldwide. Despite advances in the therapy and care of heart failure, morbidity and mortality remain persistently high. Recent years have witnessed major breakthroughs in the investigations of pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of heart failure in China. It is noteworthy that the continuing and growing support from funding agencies in China including the National Natural Science Foundation of China has yielded substantial effects on the basic and clinical research in heart failure in the last decade. In this review, we provide an update on the current status of heart failure research, both basic and translational/clinical, in China, including funding and publications. We also discuss the future challenges and possible strategies in improving our understanding and management of heart failure in China.

A Security Model and Legal Guarantee for Chinese Maritime Shipping： As Exemplified in the Response to Piracy along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

The Belt and Road Initiative is an important decision for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Maritime security has a significant place in this process. In recent years, there have been frequent violent terrorist incidents at sea, including piracy, armed hijackings and terrorist attacks, posing a dire threat to both international and Chinese maritime transport interests and seriously challenging the fulfillment of the maritime part of the ＂Belt and Road Initiative.＂ Five direct measures can be taken to protect ocean shipping from violence at sea. One example is the defensive measures taken against the Somali pirates. The employment of armed guards from professional security companies on board ship is an effective model for guaranteeing maritime security; it not only meets the standards of international law, but is also legally permitted in many developed countries and regions, and is thus strategically significant for overall Chinese maritime security. In the Chinese context, this model carries its own legal risks. We should embrace a new approach to national security law, strengthen legal guarantees and make concerted efforts to provide warship （military aircraft） escorts to jointly build an optimum model of Chinese maritime security in order to ensure the realization of core Chinese maritime interests.