Regulatory status of drug inserts in China is described in terms of its legalsystem, administrative ramifications and existing problems. Lack of government regulatoryenforcement, industry self-control mechanisms and a...Regulatory status of drug inserts in China is described in terms of its legalsystem, administrative ramifications and existing problems. Lack of government regulatoryenforcement, industry self-control mechanisms and academic research are blamed to be the root ofthese problems. The trend of regulatory policies on the issue is outlined and suggestions on severalimportant issues are made.展开更多
While eye sensitivity in the American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus has long been known to be under the control of an endogenous circadian clock, only recently has horseshoe crab locomotion been shown to be contro...While eye sensitivity in the American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus has long been known to be under the control of an endogenous circadian clock, only recently has horseshoe crab locomotion been shown to be controlled by a separate clock system. In the laboratory, this system drives clear activity rhythms throughout much of the year, not just during the mating season when horseshoe crabs express clear tidal rhythms in the field. Water temperature is a key factor influencing the expression of these rhythms: at 17~C tidal rhythms are expressed by most animals, while at I l^C expression of circatidal rhythms is rarely seen, and at 4~C rhythms are suppressed. Neither long (16:8 Light:Dark) nor short (8:16) photoperiods modify this behavior at any of these temperatures. Synchronization of these circatidal rhythms can be most readily effeeted by water pressure cycles both in situ and in the lab, while temperature and current cycles play lesser, but possibly contributory, roles. Interestingly, Light:Dark cycles appear to have synchronizing as well as "masking" effects in some individuals. Evidence that each of two daily bouts of activity are independent suggests that the Limulus circatidal rhythm of locomotion is driven by two (circalunidian) clocks, each with a period of 24.8h. While the anatomical locations of either the circadian clock, that drives fluctuations in visual sensitivity, or the circatidal clock, that controls tidal rhythms of locomotion, are currently unknown, preliminary molecular analyses have shown that a 71 kD protein that reacts with antibodies directed against the Drosophila PERIOD (PER) protein is found in both the pro- tocerebrum and the subesophageal ganglion展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect of ziprasidone on QTc in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The study involved 27 patients with schizophrenia. Ziprasidone was initiated with 40 mg/day. From day 3 to ...Objective: To investigate the effect of ziprasidone on QTc in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The study involved 27 patients with schizophrenia. Ziprasidone was initiated with 40 mg/day. From day 3 to day 7, the dose was increased gradually to 120-160 mg/d according to the effectiveness and tolerahility. QTc values were measured at the beginning and month 6. Results: At the beginning of the 6 months treatment, the mean QTc interval of patients was (387.5±19.0) ms. At the end of the study, it was (402.9±23.6) ms. The difference has statistically significance (P〈0.05). The mean QTc interval changed significantly throughout 6-months period but no one exceed the QTc dangerous limits. Significant correlation was found between QTc interval and the dose. Conclusion: In summary, our results suggest that ziprasidone has good tolerance in patient with schizophrenia despite its dose-related QTc prolongation. Ziprasidone have no pro-arrhythmic profile展开更多
The leaching and redistribution of nutrients in the surface layer of 4 types of red soils in SoutheastChina were studied with a lysimeter experiment under field conditions. Results showed that the leachingconcentrated...The leaching and redistribution of nutrients in the surface layer of 4 types of red soils in SoutheastChina were studied with a lysimeter experiment under field conditions. Results showed that the leachingconcentrated in the rainy season (from April to June). Generaily, the leaching of soil nutrients from thesurface layer of red soils was in the order of Ca > Mg > K > NO3-N. In fertilization treatment, the totalamount of soil nutrients leached out of the surface layer in a red soil derived from granite was the highest inall soils. The uptake by grass decreased the leaching of fertilizer ions in surface layer, particularly for NO3-N.Soil total N and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg in the surface layer decreased with leaching and grass uptakeduring the 2 years without new fertilization of urea, Ca(H2PO4)2, KCl, CaCO3 and MgCO3. Ca movedfrom the application layer (0~5 cm) of fertilizer and accumulated in the 10~30 cm depth in the soils studiedexcept that derived from Quaternary red clay. The deficiency of soil exchangeable K will become a seriousdegradation process facing the Southeast China.展开更多
In recent years, the frequent occurrences of marine oil spills have already become one of the major reasons threatening the marine ecological safety of China. In the event of oil spill, oth-er than taking the necessar...In recent years, the frequent occurrences of marine oil spills have already become one of the major reasons threatening the marine ecological safety of China. In the event of oil spill, oth-er than taking the necessary emergent measures aiming specifically at the damage to the marine ecology and environment, using legal means to assure that the damage liabilities are borne by the respon-sible persons to protect the national interests are also very neces-sary. This paper advances five recommendations regarding the development of a system for ecological legal compensations from the standpoint of the current status of legislation and execution of the laws on compensation of oil spill polluting marine ecosystem. These five recommendations include: determination of the status of juristic action in marine ecological and environmental compen-sations in accordance with the laws, determination of plaintiff of marine ecological and environmental compensations in accordance with the laws, determination of the four basic principles in the le-gal actions of marine ecological and environmental compensations in accordance with the laws, determination of assessment technical standard of marine ecological and environmental damages in ac-cordance with the laws, and determination of the scope of marine ecological and environmental compensations in accordance with the laws.展开更多
t Gravity anomalies on a2.5 ×2.5 arc-minute grid in a non-tidal system were derived over the South China and Philippine Seas from multi-satellite altimetry data. North and east components of deflections of the ve...t Gravity anomalies on a2.5 ×2.5 arc-minute grid in a non-tidal system were derived over the South China and Philippine Seas from multi-satellite altimetry data. North and east components of deflections of the vertical were computed from altimeter-derived sea surface heights at crossover locations, and gridded onto a 2.5 × 2.5 arc-minute resolution grid. EGM96-derived components of deflections of the vertical and gravity anomalies gridded into 2.5 × 2.5 arc-minute resolutions were then used as reference global geopotential model quantities in a remove-restore procedure to implement the Inverse Vening Meinesz formula via the 1D-FFT technique to predict the gravity anomalies over the South China and Philippine Seas from the gridded altimeter-derived components of deflections of the vertical. Statistical comparisons between the altimeter-derived and the shipboard gravity anomalies showed that there is a root-mean-square agreement of 5.7 mgals between them.展开更多
The aim of this study is to evaluate the current state of rural area development at the county level in the eastern coastal China. An evaluation index system including 18 factors was developed, and a rural development...The aim of this study is to evaluate the current state of rural area development at the county level in the eastern coastal China. An evaluation index system including 18 factors was developed, and a rural development index (RDI) was constructed to evaluate rural development state in 2000, 2004, and 2008. The quantitative evaluation indicated the following results. 1) This study derived four dominating components by means of principal component analysis, which can explain 78.2% of the total information, namely agricultural production input, the basic condition of agriculture, the comparative effectiveness of grain production, and the household′s own basic conditions. 2) Since the turn of the new millennium, the rural area in the eastern coastal China has experienced a rapid development in general. Well developed, developed, moderately developed and undeveloped rural areas respectively occupied 29.32%, 22.33%, 21.91%, and 10.51% in 2008. 3) The countryside had maintained a sound momentum of developing trend between 2000 and 2008, while the rural development in the eastern coastal China lacked sustainability. And 4) industrialization, urbanization, original economic basis, and location are four major driving forces of the disparity of rural area development in the eastern coastal China. Given these results, the strategies and policies for the improvement of each rural group were put forward.展开更多
Background Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) greatly improve survival and life quality of patients. However, there are gender differences regarding both the utilization and benefit of these devices. In ...Background Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) greatly improve survival and life quality of patients. However, there are gender differences regarding both the utilization and benefit of these devices. In this prospective CIED registry, we aim to appraise the gender differences in CIED utilization in China. Methods Twenty centers from 14 provinces in China were included in our registry study. All patients who underwent a CIED implantation in these twenty centers between Jan 2015 and Dec 2016 were included. Results A total of 8570 patients were enrolled in the baseline cohort, including 7203 pacemaker, 664 implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) implants and 703 cardiac resynchronization therapy device (CRT/D). Totally, 4117 (48.0%) CIED patients were female, and more than 59% pacemaker patients were female, but women account only one third of ICD or CRT/D implantation in this registry. There were significant differences between genders at pacemaker and ICD indications. Female was more likely received a pacemaker due to sick sinus syndrome (SSS) (63.9% vs. 51.0%, P 〈 0.001). Female patients receiving an ICD were more likely due to cardiac ion channel disease (29.2% vs. 4.2%, P 〈 0.001). The percentage of utilization of dual-chamber pacemaker in female patients was significantly higher than male (85.3% vs. 81.1%, P 〈 0.001). But male patients were more likely received a cardiac resynchronization therapy devices with defibrillator than female (56.5% vs. 41.9%, P = 0.001). In pacemaker patient, male was more likely to have structure heart disease (31.3% vs. 28.0%, P = 0.002). In ICD patient, male patients were more likely to have ischemic heart disease (48.2% vs. 29.2%, P 〈 0.001). The mean age of women at the time of CRT/D implantation was older than men (P = 0.014). Nonischemic cardiomyopathy (70.9%) was the most common etiology in the patients who underwent the treat?ment of CRT/D, no matter male or female. Conclusions In real-world setting, female do have different epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical presentation of many cardiac rhythm disorders when compared with male, and all these factors may affect the utilization of CIED implantation. But it also possibility that cultural and socioeconomic features may play a role in this apparent discrimination.展开更多
African American narratives are peopled with subjectivities struggling to retrieve and reconstruct themselves as persons--and thus citizens--through and against American legal narratives, where personhood and citizens...African American narratives are peopled with subjectivities struggling to retrieve and reconstruct themselves as persons--and thus citizens--through and against American legal narratives, where personhood and citizenship are concerned. Thus, there was the problematic for blacks of how to apply citizenship to their corporeal existence when they were labeled as property. The historical legal narrative of America was constructed on the power of the dominant white elite to prevent the emergence of a narrative of African American life other than that which they authorize, legislate, and narrate. To this end, it has been argued, that narratives in African American literature treat the question of the legal status of African Americans or have it as a fundamental trope of struggle in the narrative. This idea suggests that the law's ability as a shaper and determinant of African American social identity, presets the narrative base for African American narrative. This paper examines the relationship between "'laws of separations", and African American narrative through a rereading of works of two contemporary novelists, Toni Morrison and Gloria Naylor. Their works, the author argue, are counter-positioned narratives that create contentious dialogue and elaborate the way in which segregationist codes and Jim Crow laws are grounded in the very nature of citizenship for African Americans.展开更多
Chinese traditional family-based society is the legal basis for political, patriarchal hierarchy and national politics Consistent hierarchy, as represented by the family law civil law is to adjust the traditional soci...Chinese traditional family-based society is the legal basis for political, patriarchal hierarchy and national politics Consistent hierarchy, as represented by the family law civil law is to adjust the traditional social relations, maintaining the main legal norms of social order, Family law as one of the most important traditional Chinese society, the legal system, and the state law regulating social order constitute the dual legal structure. And its fundamental purpose is to maintain social harmony and stability of the feudal rule of order.展开更多
Language, literature, customs and traditions, music and art are cultural items that were transmitted from generation to generation throughout history. In this context, literature is an important source of music cultur...Language, literature, customs and traditions, music and art are cultural items that were transmitted from generation to generation throughout history. In this context, literature is an important source of music culture that takes inspiration from the customs and traditions of a society. Prosodic meter is echoed in form, usul and general structure in works composed from the divan literature and almost lives in the work. In the same way, when examples of folk literature composed by composers and performed by poets and a^lks are examined, it is observed that there are parallels between literary features and form, structure and rhythmic features. The aim of this paper is to reveal the integral link between Melody-Usul and Meter in Ottoman Turkish Music展开更多
This paper calculates the potential GDP growth rates and the natural rates of unemployment in China using the dual decomposition of the simple Okun's law. The results show that every 1% increase in China's urban reg...This paper calculates the potential GDP growth rates and the natural rates of unemployment in China using the dual decomposition of the simple Okun's law. The results show that every 1% increase in China's urban registered unemployment rate leads to a 1.98% drop of GDP, the potential growth rate of GDP of China is about 10%, and the average natural rate of unemployment is about 3.2% in China in the past three decades. The paper finds that Olcun's law is still valid in China in the long run, but the Okun coefficient is about -3.79, overestimating the impact of the registered unemployment rate on GDP growth, and needs to be corrected based on China's dual economic structure.展开更多
In this paper, the impact of the new company law on foreign-funded enterprise law are analyzed. Firstly. the foreign investment enterprise law is summarized, followed by a detailed introduction of the impact of the n...In this paper, the impact of the new company law on foreign-funded enterprise law are analyzed. Firstly. the foreign investment enterprise law is summarized, followed by a detailed introduction of the impact of the new company law and foreign-invested enterprise law . Finally. Impact on the Law of Foreign Investment Enterprises. From these researches, it is concluded thai the promotion of the new company law on the relationship between FIEs and some suggestions for the coexistence of the two.展开更多
Since the Qin Dynasty started the county system to the foundation of China, "county" has been the basic unit of the centralized state in our country. Although the county-level governance mode is stable, its evolutio...Since the Qin Dynasty started the county system to the foundation of China, "county" has been the basic unit of the centralized state in our country. Although the county-level governance mode is stable, its evolution has laws to follow. Generally speaking, the rules are that the scale of the county government is small for a long time and the governmental functions in the long term are fixed. The roles of the clan organizations in the social governance are increasingly strengthened and the slow development and roles of other social organizations outside the clan organizations are increasing.展开更多
文摘Regulatory status of drug inserts in China is described in terms of its legalsystem, administrative ramifications and existing problems. Lack of government regulatoryenforcement, industry self-control mechanisms and academic research are blamed to be the root ofthese problems. The trend of regulatory policies on the issue is outlined and suggestions on severalimportant issues are made.
文摘While eye sensitivity in the American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus has long been known to be under the control of an endogenous circadian clock, only recently has horseshoe crab locomotion been shown to be controlled by a separate clock system. In the laboratory, this system drives clear activity rhythms throughout much of the year, not just during the mating season when horseshoe crabs express clear tidal rhythms in the field. Water temperature is a key factor influencing the expression of these rhythms: at 17~C tidal rhythms are expressed by most animals, while at I l^C expression of circatidal rhythms is rarely seen, and at 4~C rhythms are suppressed. Neither long (16:8 Light:Dark) nor short (8:16) photoperiods modify this behavior at any of these temperatures. Synchronization of these circatidal rhythms can be most readily effeeted by water pressure cycles both in situ and in the lab, while temperature and current cycles play lesser, but possibly contributory, roles. Interestingly, Light:Dark cycles appear to have synchronizing as well as "masking" effects in some individuals. Evidence that each of two daily bouts of activity are independent suggests that the Limulus circatidal rhythm of locomotion is driven by two (circalunidian) clocks, each with a period of 24.8h. While the anatomical locations of either the circadian clock, that drives fluctuations in visual sensitivity, or the circatidal clock, that controls tidal rhythms of locomotion, are currently unknown, preliminary molecular analyses have shown that a 71 kD protein that reacts with antibodies directed against the Drosophila PERIOD (PER) protein is found in both the pro- tocerebrum and the subesophageal ganglion
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2011JM4008)
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of ziprasidone on QTc in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The study involved 27 patients with schizophrenia. Ziprasidone was initiated with 40 mg/day. From day 3 to day 7, the dose was increased gradually to 120-160 mg/d according to the effectiveness and tolerahility. QTc values were measured at the beginning and month 6. Results: At the beginning of the 6 months treatment, the mean QTc interval of patients was (387.5±19.0) ms. At the end of the study, it was (402.9±23.6) ms. The difference has statistically significance (P〈0.05). The mean QTc interval changed significantly throughout 6-months period but no one exceed the QTc dangerous limits. Significant correlation was found between QTc interval and the dose. Conclusion: In summary, our results suggest that ziprasidone has good tolerance in patient with schizophrenia despite its dose-related QTc prolongation. Ziprasidone have no pro-arrhythmic profile
文摘The leaching and redistribution of nutrients in the surface layer of 4 types of red soils in SoutheastChina were studied with a lysimeter experiment under field conditions. Results showed that the leachingconcentrated in the rainy season (from April to June). Generaily, the leaching of soil nutrients from thesurface layer of red soils was in the order of Ca > Mg > K > NO3-N. In fertilization treatment, the totalamount of soil nutrients leached out of the surface layer in a red soil derived from granite was the highest inall soils. The uptake by grass decreased the leaching of fertilizer ions in surface layer, particularly for NO3-N.Soil total N and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg in the surface layer decreased with leaching and grass uptakeduring the 2 years without new fertilization of urea, Ca(H2PO4)2, KCl, CaCO3 and MgCO3. Ca movedfrom the application layer (0~5 cm) of fertilizer and accumulated in the 10~30 cm depth in the soils studiedexcept that derived from Quaternary red clay. The deficiency of soil exchangeable K will become a seriousdegradation process facing the Southeast China.
基金funded by the "Study of Legal Mechanism of Compensation Demanded by the State and International Practices in Marine Ecological Damages (Grant No.2008GXS5B100) in the Programme of national Soft Sciences Research Projects
文摘In recent years, the frequent occurrences of marine oil spills have already become one of the major reasons threatening the marine ecological safety of China. In the event of oil spill, oth-er than taking the necessary emergent measures aiming specifically at the damage to the marine ecology and environment, using legal means to assure that the damage liabilities are borne by the respon-sible persons to protect the national interests are also very neces-sary. This paper advances five recommendations regarding the development of a system for ecological legal compensations from the standpoint of the current status of legislation and execution of the laws on compensation of oil spill polluting marine ecosystem. These five recommendations include: determination of the status of juristic action in marine ecological and environmental compen-sations in accordance with the laws, determination of plaintiff of marine ecological and environmental compensations in accordance with the laws, determination of the four basic principles in the le-gal actions of marine ecological and environmental compensations in accordance with the laws, determination of assessment technical standard of marine ecological and environmental damages in ac-cordance with the laws, and determination of the scope of marine ecological and environmental compensations in accordance with the laws.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40637034), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No. 2006AA12Z309, 2006AAO9Z138, 2007AA12Z346).
文摘t Gravity anomalies on a2.5 ×2.5 arc-minute grid in a non-tidal system were derived over the South China and Philippine Seas from multi-satellite altimetry data. North and east components of deflections of the vertical were computed from altimeter-derived sea surface heights at crossover locations, and gridded onto a 2.5 × 2.5 arc-minute resolution grid. EGM96-derived components of deflections of the vertical and gravity anomalies gridded into 2.5 × 2.5 arc-minute resolutions were then used as reference global geopotential model quantities in a remove-restore procedure to implement the Inverse Vening Meinesz formula via the 1D-FFT technique to predict the gravity anomalies over the South China and Philippine Seas from the gridded altimeter-derived components of deflections of the vertical. Statistical comparisons between the altimeter-derived and the shipboard gravity anomalies showed that there is a root-mean-square agreement of 5.7 mgals between them.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41130748,40635029)Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-EW-304)
文摘The aim of this study is to evaluate the current state of rural area development at the county level in the eastern coastal China. An evaluation index system including 18 factors was developed, and a rural development index (RDI) was constructed to evaluate rural development state in 2000, 2004, and 2008. The quantitative evaluation indicated the following results. 1) This study derived four dominating components by means of principal component analysis, which can explain 78.2% of the total information, namely agricultural production input, the basic condition of agriculture, the comparative effectiveness of grain production, and the household′s own basic conditions. 2) Since the turn of the new millennium, the rural area in the eastern coastal China has experienced a rapid development in general. Well developed, developed, moderately developed and undeveloped rural areas respectively occupied 29.32%, 22.33%, 21.91%, and 10.51% in 2008. 3) The countryside had maintained a sound momentum of developing trend between 2000 and 2008, while the rural development in the eastern coastal China lacked sustainability. And 4) industrialization, urbanization, original economic basis, and location are four major driving forces of the disparity of rural area development in the eastern coastal China. Given these results, the strategies and policies for the improvement of each rural group were put forward.
文摘Background Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) greatly improve survival and life quality of patients. However, there are gender differences regarding both the utilization and benefit of these devices. In this prospective CIED registry, we aim to appraise the gender differences in CIED utilization in China. Methods Twenty centers from 14 provinces in China were included in our registry study. All patients who underwent a CIED implantation in these twenty centers between Jan 2015 and Dec 2016 were included. Results A total of 8570 patients were enrolled in the baseline cohort, including 7203 pacemaker, 664 implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) implants and 703 cardiac resynchronization therapy device (CRT/D). Totally, 4117 (48.0%) CIED patients were female, and more than 59% pacemaker patients were female, but women account only one third of ICD or CRT/D implantation in this registry. There were significant differences between genders at pacemaker and ICD indications. Female was more likely received a pacemaker due to sick sinus syndrome (SSS) (63.9% vs. 51.0%, P 〈 0.001). Female patients receiving an ICD were more likely due to cardiac ion channel disease (29.2% vs. 4.2%, P 〈 0.001). The percentage of utilization of dual-chamber pacemaker in female patients was significantly higher than male (85.3% vs. 81.1%, P 〈 0.001). But male patients were more likely received a cardiac resynchronization therapy devices with defibrillator than female (56.5% vs. 41.9%, P = 0.001). In pacemaker patient, male was more likely to have structure heart disease (31.3% vs. 28.0%, P = 0.002). In ICD patient, male patients were more likely to have ischemic heart disease (48.2% vs. 29.2%, P 〈 0.001). The mean age of women at the time of CRT/D implantation was older than men (P = 0.014). Nonischemic cardiomyopathy (70.9%) was the most common etiology in the patients who underwent the treat?ment of CRT/D, no matter male or female. Conclusions In real-world setting, female do have different epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical presentation of many cardiac rhythm disorders when compared with male, and all these factors may affect the utilization of CIED implantation. But it also possibility that cultural and socioeconomic features may play a role in this apparent discrimination.
文摘African American narratives are peopled with subjectivities struggling to retrieve and reconstruct themselves as persons--and thus citizens--through and against American legal narratives, where personhood and citizenship are concerned. Thus, there was the problematic for blacks of how to apply citizenship to their corporeal existence when they were labeled as property. The historical legal narrative of America was constructed on the power of the dominant white elite to prevent the emergence of a narrative of African American life other than that which they authorize, legislate, and narrate. To this end, it has been argued, that narratives in African American literature treat the question of the legal status of African Americans or have it as a fundamental trope of struggle in the narrative. This idea suggests that the law's ability as a shaper and determinant of African American social identity, presets the narrative base for African American narrative. This paper examines the relationship between "'laws of separations", and African American narrative through a rereading of works of two contemporary novelists, Toni Morrison and Gloria Naylor. Their works, the author argue, are counter-positioned narratives that create contentious dialogue and elaborate the way in which segregationist codes and Jim Crow laws are grounded in the very nature of citizenship for African Americans.
文摘Chinese traditional family-based society is the legal basis for political, patriarchal hierarchy and national politics Consistent hierarchy, as represented by the family law civil law is to adjust the traditional social relations, maintaining the main legal norms of social order, Family law as one of the most important traditional Chinese society, the legal system, and the state law regulating social order constitute the dual legal structure. And its fundamental purpose is to maintain social harmony and stability of the feudal rule of order.
文摘Language, literature, customs and traditions, music and art are cultural items that were transmitted from generation to generation throughout history. In this context, literature is an important source of music culture that takes inspiration from the customs and traditions of a society. Prosodic meter is echoed in form, usul and general structure in works composed from the divan literature and almost lives in the work. In the same way, when examples of folk literature composed by composers and performed by poets and a^lks are examined, it is observed that there are parallels between literary features and form, structure and rhythmic features. The aim of this paper is to reveal the integral link between Melody-Usul and Meter in Ottoman Turkish Music
文摘This paper calculates the potential GDP growth rates and the natural rates of unemployment in China using the dual decomposition of the simple Okun's law. The results show that every 1% increase in China's urban registered unemployment rate leads to a 1.98% drop of GDP, the potential growth rate of GDP of China is about 10%, and the average natural rate of unemployment is about 3.2% in China in the past three decades. The paper finds that Olcun's law is still valid in China in the long run, but the Okun coefficient is about -3.79, overestimating the impact of the registered unemployment rate on GDP growth, and needs to be corrected based on China's dual economic structure.
文摘In this paper, the impact of the new company law on foreign-funded enterprise law are analyzed. Firstly. the foreign investment enterprise law is summarized, followed by a detailed introduction of the impact of the new company law and foreign-invested enterprise law . Finally. Impact on the Law of Foreign Investment Enterprises. From these researches, it is concluded thai the promotion of the new company law on the relationship between FIEs and some suggestions for the coexistence of the two.
文摘Since the Qin Dynasty started the county system to the foundation of China, "county" has been the basic unit of the centralized state in our country. Although the county-level governance mode is stable, its evolution has laws to follow. Generally speaking, the rules are that the scale of the county government is small for a long time and the governmental functions in the long term are fixed. The roles of the clan organizations in the social governance are increasingly strengthened and the slow development and roles of other social organizations outside the clan organizations are increasing.