The aim of this paper is to consider the problem of politicians＇ control of state-owned enterprises in a transforming economy. The control of a company can be treated as a choice of a strategy pursued by this company...The aim of this paper is to consider the problem of politicians＇ control of state-owned enterprises in a transforming economy. The control of a company can be treated as a choice of a strategy pursued by this company. In order to present politicians＇ influence on a company＇s strategy, we consider the case of a firm controlled by the State Treasury （i.e., by politicians） and a company outside politicians＇ control, both functioning in a favorable and an unfavorable state of the economy. We propose the option-to-switch valuation model as a method of measuring politicians＇ private benefits of control. We illustrate the considerations using data concerning Poland＇s printing industry.展开更多
In this paper, we analyzed the status of human resource management practices in western China state-owned and state holding enterprises azld private enterprises, and found that there are differences in the nature of t...In this paper, we analyzed the status of human resource management practices in western China state-owned and state holding enterprises azld private enterprises, and found that there are differences in the nature of the business combination of different patterns of human resource management practices.展开更多
From the practice of Chinese enterprises, the paper discusses three constraint conditions of China＇s internal controls including the system environmental constraint, cost constraint and organization constraint, and a...From the practice of Chinese enterprises, the paper discusses three constraint conditions of China＇s internal controls including the system environmental constraint, cost constraint and organization constraint, and advances the suggestions on the approaches to improve Chinese enterprises＇ internal controls level.展开更多
This paper discusses the background and purpose, and reviews the current situation of the domestic and international cost control theory of real estate development projects, and introduces the research methods. The ca...This paper discusses the background and purpose, and reviews the current situation of the domestic and international cost control theory of real estate development projects, and introduces the research methods. The case study method is used.. The management idea is the summary of management practices, and case study can improve management theory, and in certain sense, can help combining theory with practice. The analysis of practical projects of real estate development, can help clarify theory, and is helpful for grasping theory in practical work and improve actual ability of the real estate development enterprise. Through the case study in Chongqing, the basic situations of real estate in Chongqing are introduced and relevant theory and procedure of cost control are used in the case study.展开更多
Transposable elements(TEs), originally discovered in maize as controlling elements, are the main components of most eukaryotic genomes. TEs have been regarded as deleterious genomic parasites due to their ability to u...Transposable elements(TEs), originally discovered in maize as controlling elements, are the main components of most eukaryotic genomes. TEs have been regarded as deleterious genomic parasites due to their ability to undergo massive amplification. However, TEs can regulate gene expression and alter phenotypes. Also, emerging findings demonstrate that TEs can establish and rewire gene regulatory networks by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the key roles of TEs in fine-tuning the regulation of gene expression leading to phenotypic plasticity in plants and humans, and the implications for adaption and natural selection.展开更多
文摘The aim of this paper is to consider the problem of politicians＇ control of state-owned enterprises in a transforming economy. The control of a company can be treated as a choice of a strategy pursued by this company. In order to present politicians＇ influence on a company＇s strategy, we consider the case of a firm controlled by the State Treasury （i.e., by politicians） and a company outside politicians＇ control, both functioning in a favorable and an unfavorable state of the economy. We propose the option-to-switch valuation model as a method of measuring politicians＇ private benefits of control. We illustrate the considerations using data concerning Poland＇s printing industry.
文摘In this paper, we analyzed the status of human resource management practices in western China state-owned and state holding enterprises azld private enterprises, and found that there are differences in the nature of the business combination of different patterns of human resource management practices.
文摘From the practice of Chinese enterprises, the paper discusses three constraint conditions of China＇s internal controls including the system environmental constraint, cost constraint and organization constraint, and advances the suggestions on the approaches to improve Chinese enterprises＇ internal controls level.
文摘This paper discusses the background and purpose, and reviews the current situation of the domestic and international cost control theory of real estate development projects, and introduces the research methods. The case study method is used.. The management idea is the summary of management practices, and case study can improve management theory, and in certain sense, can help combining theory with practice. The analysis of practical projects of real estate development, can help clarify theory, and is helpful for grasping theory in practical work and improve actual ability of the real estate development enterprise. Through the case study in Chongqing, the basic situations of real estate in Chongqing are introduced and relevant theory and procedure of cost control are used in the case study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3121010390131123007)+2 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB835200)the State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics(2015B0129-01)Liya Wei was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2015M570170)
文摘Transposable elements(TEs), originally discovered in maize as controlling elements, are the main components of most eukaryotic genomes. TEs have been regarded as deleterious genomic parasites due to their ability to undergo massive amplification. However, TEs can regulate gene expression and alter phenotypes. Also, emerging findings demonstrate that TEs can establish and rewire gene regulatory networks by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the key roles of TEs in fine-tuning the regulation of gene expression leading to phenotypic plasticity in plants and humans, and the implications for adaption and natural selection.
