China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy has resulted in many changes in its urban structure and society and provided an opportunity for a quasi-longitudinal case study on the relationship bet...China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy has resulted in many changes in its urban structure and society and provided an opportunity for a quasi-longitudinal case study on the relationship between the built environment and activity-travel behavior.This paper draws upon data from an activity diary survey conducted in Beijing in 2007.The survey sample comprised 652 residents living in Danwei(work unit),commodity housing,and affordable housing neighborhoods.On the basis of the three-dimensional geo-visualization analysis of the space-time path and statistical multivariate regression models of daily travel and leisure time,it was found that both residential spatial factors and socio-demographics influence residents' daily behaviors.The findings show that Danwei residents have less daily travel time than those who live in commodity housing,but people living in affordable housing endure the longest travel time.Daily leisure time is associated more with individual attributes.We argue that although China's transition is currently gradual,the Danwei system may continue to play significant roles in daily life,and it might provide a valuable model for neighborhood spatial planning.展开更多
When the relationship between the government and the citizens is taken into consideration, at the times when the government is misusing its power, the citizens may express themselves about the injustice in various way...When the relationship between the government and the citizens is taken into consideration, at the times when the government is misusing its power, the citizens may express themselves about the injustice in various ways and civil disobedience is one of them. If the injustice still exists after all the judicial proceedings are taken, then, this act that has nonviolence as its fundamental philosophy is seen to take place. The most important representatives of civil disobedience in the world are Socrates, Henry David Thoreau, M. Luther King and Mahatma Gandhi. These thinkers with their discourses and actions put forth what constitutes as civil disobedience and set an example to other societies. In this study, firstly, the aforementioned notion of civil disobedience is explained. Then, some demonstrations that took place in Turkey are evaluated in the framework of civil disobedience. The aim is to determine whether or not these demonstrations can be considered as examples of ＂civil disobedience＂. Also, the reasons why some of these demonstrations are not in the scope of civil disobedience are discussed. In this study, depiction and historical methods are used.展开更多
The article epitomises its foundations by providing definitional and explanative dichotomy among the State, Nation, and Nation State. It affords a depiction of the centrality of the mind, the interface of the body and...The article epitomises its foundations by providing definitional and explanative dichotomy among the State, Nation, and Nation State. It affords a depiction of the centrality of the mind, the interface of the body and mind in behavioural manifestations. It furthermore acknowledges that nothing occurs in a vacuum but in the context of the fullness of the mind. The visible manifestations of human behaviour are contended to be informed by the noiselessness invisible aspects of the mind. The same noiseless mind that informs the behavioural visibility that becomes somewhat active and busier in its conspicuousness. The dual existence of things and events in a revolutionary context that transcends to other behavioural undertones is discoursed. In the context application of the revolutionary mapping, the mind is presented as a culprit revolutionarist that wages revolutions without fear of external threats through arrests, danger, pain, terror, dread, apprehension, detentions, and any other similar means including death. The article settles that the mind is the determinant factor of human behaviours and it therefore defines the state of the State in any revolutionary circumstance. It denotes a functional separatism of the mind from the brain which is an organ of the body thereby equally accepting that the brain functionalises the mind. The equal essential role of the mind in post revolution construction to establish and promote an acceptable system of government that responds to socio-economic factors is detailed herein the manuscript. A deliberate attempt is made not to be suggestive and prescriptive on the shape and form of such a post revolution system of government.展开更多
In order to resist some prisoner who have received rewards of commutation to implement some illegal or criminal behavior in the course of imprisonment, the system of commutation revocation must be established, which c...In order to resist some prisoner who have received rewards of commutation to implement some illegal or criminal behavior in the course of imprisonment, the system of commutation revocation must be established, which can advantage imprisonment and reduce the costs of imprisonment. The system of commutation revocation can obey to the criminal policy of temper justice with mercy and the principle of ＂collecting mistakes whenever discovered＂ and obtain the penalty goal of special prevention. In order to protect some prisoner＇ s benefit, the prisoner who be revoked the rewards of commutation can take part in the course of juice, the postbox which be opened only by the NPC and committee must be installed in prison. This will be advantage of some prisoner who be revoked the rewards of commutation appealing to the NPC and committee. Because of weakness of necessarily and execution, the system of commutation revocation cannot be established when the prisoner have been released currently.展开更多
The national image is multi-dimensional, outbound tourism is one of the most intuitive ways. The outbound tourism behavior of Individual citizen is not only considered as the outward manifestation of individual civil ...The national image is multi-dimensional, outbound tourism is one of the most intuitive ways. The outbound tourism behavior of Individual citizen is not only considered as the outward manifestation of individual civil quality, but also considered as the emblem the quality of all citizens of whole country, affects the national image, related to the country＇s national influence and credibility. The outbound tourism of Chinese citizens brought about the rapid growth of the enormous economic benefits and influence, which makes the outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens gotten more concern. The uncivilized outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens are frequent, which brings extremely strong damage, and which serious impact on the healthy image about the Ancient civilization and the country of ceremonies of China, and which greatly restricts the spread of a good national image of China. Based on the analysis about the characteristics of rapid growth outbound tourism of Chinese citizens, this paper discusses the approaches of current Chinese national image shaping, put forward that China must strengthen citizen education, and improve relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen supervision, only then might Chinese citizens outbound tourism uncivilized behavior be prevented from the root.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40671058,41071102)National'TwelfthFive-Year'Plan for Science and Technology Support(No.2012BAJ 05B04)
文摘China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy has resulted in many changes in its urban structure and society and provided an opportunity for a quasi-longitudinal case study on the relationship between the built environment and activity-travel behavior.This paper draws upon data from an activity diary survey conducted in Beijing in 2007.The survey sample comprised 652 residents living in Danwei(work unit),commodity housing,and affordable housing neighborhoods.On the basis of the three-dimensional geo-visualization analysis of the space-time path and statistical multivariate regression models of daily travel and leisure time,it was found that both residential spatial factors and socio-demographics influence residents' daily behaviors.The findings show that Danwei residents have less daily travel time than those who live in commodity housing,but people living in affordable housing endure the longest travel time.Daily leisure time is associated more with individual attributes.We argue that although China's transition is currently gradual,the Danwei system may continue to play significant roles in daily life,and it might provide a valuable model for neighborhood spatial planning.
文摘When the relationship between the government and the citizens is taken into consideration, at the times when the government is misusing its power, the citizens may express themselves about the injustice in various ways and civil disobedience is one of them. If the injustice still exists after all the judicial proceedings are taken, then, this act that has nonviolence as its fundamental philosophy is seen to take place. The most important representatives of civil disobedience in the world are Socrates, Henry David Thoreau, M. Luther King and Mahatma Gandhi. These thinkers with their discourses and actions put forth what constitutes as civil disobedience and set an example to other societies. In this study, firstly, the aforementioned notion of civil disobedience is explained. Then, some demonstrations that took place in Turkey are evaluated in the framework of civil disobedience. The aim is to determine whether or not these demonstrations can be considered as examples of ＂civil disobedience＂. Also, the reasons why some of these demonstrations are not in the scope of civil disobedience are discussed. In this study, depiction and historical methods are used.
文摘The article epitomises its foundations by providing definitional and explanative dichotomy among the State, Nation, and Nation State. It affords a depiction of the centrality of the mind, the interface of the body and mind in behavioural manifestations. It furthermore acknowledges that nothing occurs in a vacuum but in the context of the fullness of the mind. The visible manifestations of human behaviour are contended to be informed by the noiselessness invisible aspects of the mind. The same noiseless mind that informs the behavioural visibility that becomes somewhat active and busier in its conspicuousness. The dual existence of things and events in a revolutionary context that transcends to other behavioural undertones is discoursed. In the context application of the revolutionary mapping, the mind is presented as a culprit revolutionarist that wages revolutions without fear of external threats through arrests, danger, pain, terror, dread, apprehension, detentions, and any other similar means including death. The article settles that the mind is the determinant factor of human behaviours and it therefore defines the state of the State in any revolutionary circumstance. It denotes a functional separatism of the mind from the brain which is an organ of the body thereby equally accepting that the brain functionalises the mind. The equal essential role of the mind in post revolution construction to establish and promote an acceptable system of government that responds to socio-economic factors is detailed herein the manuscript. A deliberate attempt is made not to be suggestive and prescriptive on the shape and form of such a post revolution system of government.
文摘In order to resist some prisoner who have received rewards of commutation to implement some illegal or criminal behavior in the course of imprisonment, the system of commutation revocation must be established, which can advantage imprisonment and reduce the costs of imprisonment. The system of commutation revocation can obey to the criminal policy of temper justice with mercy and the principle of ＂collecting mistakes whenever discovered＂ and obtain the penalty goal of special prevention. In order to protect some prisoner＇ s benefit, the prisoner who be revoked the rewards of commutation can take part in the course of juice, the postbox which be opened only by the NPC and committee must be installed in prison. This will be advantage of some prisoner who be revoked the rewards of commutation appealing to the NPC and committee. Because of weakness of necessarily and execution, the system of commutation revocation cannot be established when the prisoner have been released currently.
文摘The national image is multi-dimensional, outbound tourism is one of the most intuitive ways. The outbound tourism behavior of Individual citizen is not only considered as the outward manifestation of individual civil quality, but also considered as the emblem the quality of all citizens of whole country, affects the national image, related to the country＇s national influence and credibility. The outbound tourism of Chinese citizens brought about the rapid growth of the enormous economic benefits and influence, which makes the outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens gotten more concern. The uncivilized outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens are frequent, which brings extremely strong damage, and which serious impact on the healthy image about the Ancient civilization and the country of ceremonies of China, and which greatly restricts the spread of a good national image of China. Based on the analysis about the characteristics of rapid growth outbound tourism of Chinese citizens, this paper discusses the approaches of current Chinese national image shaping, put forward that China must strengthen citizen education, and improve relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen supervision, only then might Chinese citizens outbound tourism uncivilized behavior be prevented from the root.
