An explicit simulation with a fine mesh at intervals of 6 km is used to explore the inner-core structures of Vongfong (0214). The dynamic mechanism for the inshore strengthening of Vongfong is examined. It is found as...An explicit simulation with a fine mesh at intervals of 6 km is used to explore the inner-core structures of Vongfong (0214). The dynamic mechanism for the inshore strengthening of Vongfong is examined. It is found as follows. (1) The radius of maximum wind of the axisymmetric structures of the typhoon decreased with height during its mature stage. When Vongfong was inshore, the strongest low-layer inflow located in front of it and the outflow was to the rear of it, which was just reversed from the Atlantic hurricanes and other Pacific typhoons. (2) The dynamic and thermodynamic fields were highly asymmetric in structure. Convection was stronger in the northwest quadrant of the typhoon than in the southeast; the strongest convective cloud bands were consistent with the maximum wind region. During its strengthening stage, it was cold west of and warm east of the eye in the lower layer but warm in the west and cold in the east of the mid-upper layer. During its mature stage, a warm-core structure was evident in the lower and middle-upper layer. (3) The interactions between a mid-latitude cold low in the middle-upper troposphere and the typhoon were responsible for the latter to strengthen inshore. Firstly, the outer circulation of the cold low entered the typhoon from the middle troposphere when an outer cold airflow from the cold low flowed into the northwest quadrant of the typhoon so that geopotentially instable energy increased and convection developed. Secondly, the downdraft in the cold low was just the corresponding branch of the secondary circulation of the typhoon system; when the cold low weakened while moving south, the typhoon strengthened inshore. Due to the CISK mechanism, these two phenomena might be realized.展开更多
Objective： The aim of the study was to observe the expressions of genes related to genome stability and DNA repair in the members of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） clustedng families. Methods： In the Zhongshan Cit...Objective： The aim of the study was to observe the expressions of genes related to genome stability and DNA repair in the members of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） clustedng families. Methods： In the Zhongshan City where there is highly incidence rate of NPC, we chose the members of the NPC clustering families as objects, and the patients of nasopharyngitis and NPC as the control group. We isolated the RNA from the nasopharyngeal tissue, and synthesized its cRNA, the genome stability and DNA repair genes chip technique, chemiluminescent detection and real-time fluorescence quantita- tive technique were used to examine the genome stability and DNA repair genes in the nasopharyngeal tissue. Results： More genome stability and DNA repair genes were up-regulated in the members of the NPC clustering families than the NPC patients, and the range of up-regulated was high, with the over up-regulated 100 times genes including TEP1, MSH4, PMS2LI. Fewer genome stability and DNA repair genes were down-regulated in the members of the NPC clustering families than the NPC patients, the ubiquitin genes almost were down-regulated, the results also could be confirmed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Conclusion： There are specially expression character of genome stability and DNA repair genes in the members of NPC clustering families.展开更多
Located at the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) in the Asian interior, the Lake Qinghai is sensitive to environmental change and thus an outstanding site for studying paleoenvironmental changes. T...Located at the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) in the Asian interior, the Lake Qinghai is sensitive to environmental change and thus an outstanding site for studying paleoenvironmental changes. Thick deposits in the Lake Qinghai provide important geological archives for obtaining high-resolution records of continental environmental history. The longest drilling core obtained from the Lake Qinghai, named Erlangjian(ELJ), reached about 1109 m and was investigated to determine its clay mineral assemblage and grain size distributions. Clay mineralogical proxies, including type, composition, and their ratios, as well as the illite crystallinity(KI) and chemical index(CI), in combination with grain size data, were used for reconstructing the history of paleoenvironmental evolution since the late Miocene in the Lake Qinghai Basin. The clay mineral records indicate that the clay mainly comprise detritus originating from peripheral material and has experienced little or no diagenesis. The proportion of authigenic origin was minor. Illite was the most abundant clay mineral, followed by chlorite, kaolinite, and smectite. Variations of clay mineral indexes reflect the cooling and drying trends in the Lake Qinghai region, and the grain size distribution is coincided with the clay minerals indexes. The paleoclimatic evolution of the Lake Qinghai Basin since the late Miocene can be divided into five intervals. The climate was relatively warm and wet in the early of late Miocene, then long-term trends in climate change character display cooling and drying; later in the late Miocene until early Pliocene the climate was in a short relatively warm and humid period; since then the climate was relatively colder and drier. These results also suggest multiple tectonic uplift events in the northeastern QTP.展开更多
基金Joint Supporting Foundation for Natural Science of China (U0733002)Natural Science Foundation of China (40775066)National project "973" (2006CB403601)
文摘An explicit simulation with a fine mesh at intervals of 6 km is used to explore the inner-core structures of Vongfong (0214). The dynamic mechanism for the inshore strengthening of Vongfong is examined. It is found as follows. (1) The radius of maximum wind of the axisymmetric structures of the typhoon decreased with height during its mature stage. When Vongfong was inshore, the strongest low-layer inflow located in front of it and the outflow was to the rear of it, which was just reversed from the Atlantic hurricanes and other Pacific typhoons. (2) The dynamic and thermodynamic fields were highly asymmetric in structure. Convection was stronger in the northwest quadrant of the typhoon than in the southeast; the strongest convective cloud bands were consistent with the maximum wind region. During its strengthening stage, it was cold west of and warm east of the eye in the lower layer but warm in the west and cold in the east of the mid-upper layer. During its mature stage, a warm-core structure was evident in the lower and middle-upper layer. (3) The interactions between a mid-latitude cold low in the middle-upper troposphere and the typhoon were responsible for the latter to strengthen inshore. Firstly, the outer circulation of the cold low entered the typhoon from the middle troposphere when an outer cold airflow from the cold low flowed into the northwest quadrant of the typhoon so that geopotentially instable energy increased and convection developed. Secondly, the downdraft in the cold low was just the corresponding branch of the secondary circulation of the typhoon system; when the cold low weakened while moving south, the typhoon strengthened inshore. Due to the CISK mechanism, these two phenomena might be realized.
基金Supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30672713)
文摘Objective： The aim of the study was to observe the expressions of genes related to genome stability and DNA repair in the members of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） clustedng families. Methods： In the Zhongshan City where there is highly incidence rate of NPC, we chose the members of the NPC clustering families as objects, and the patients of nasopharyngitis and NPC as the control group. We isolated the RNA from the nasopharyngeal tissue, and synthesized its cRNA, the genome stability and DNA repair genes chip technique, chemiluminescent detection and real-time fluorescence quantita- tive technique were used to examine the genome stability and DNA repair genes in the nasopharyngeal tissue. Results： More genome stability and DNA repair genes were up-regulated in the members of the NPC clustering families than the NPC patients, and the range of up-regulated was high, with the over up-regulated 100 times genes including TEP1, MSH4, PMS2LI. Fewer genome stability and DNA repair genes were down-regulated in the members of the NPC clustering families than the NPC patients, the ubiquitin genes almost were down-regulated, the results also could be confirmed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Conclusion： There are specially expression character of genome stability and DNA repair genes in the members of NPC clustering families.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40972230, 41290250)Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. ZZBS1301)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2010CB833406)
文摘Located at the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) in the Asian interior, the Lake Qinghai is sensitive to environmental change and thus an outstanding site for studying paleoenvironmental changes. Thick deposits in the Lake Qinghai provide important geological archives for obtaining high-resolution records of continental environmental history. The longest drilling core obtained from the Lake Qinghai, named Erlangjian(ELJ), reached about 1109 m and was investigated to determine its clay mineral assemblage and grain size distributions. Clay mineralogical proxies, including type, composition, and their ratios, as well as the illite crystallinity(KI) and chemical index(CI), in combination with grain size data, were used for reconstructing the history of paleoenvironmental evolution since the late Miocene in the Lake Qinghai Basin. The clay mineral records indicate that the clay mainly comprise detritus originating from peripheral material and has experienced little or no diagenesis. The proportion of authigenic origin was minor. Illite was the most abundant clay mineral, followed by chlorite, kaolinite, and smectite. Variations of clay mineral indexes reflect the cooling and drying trends in the Lake Qinghai region, and the grain size distribution is coincided with the clay minerals indexes. The paleoclimatic evolution of the Lake Qinghai Basin since the late Miocene can be divided into five intervals. The climate was relatively warm and wet in the early of late Miocene, then long-term trends in climate change character display cooling and drying; later in the late Miocene until early Pliocene the climate was in a short relatively warm and humid period; since then the climate was relatively colder and drier. These results also suggest multiple tectonic uplift events in the northeastern QTP.
