Cotton is one of the most important crops throughout the history of India and it also plays an important role in social and economic aspects of the Indian society in the present age. Recent technological advances and ...Cotton is one of the most important crops throughout the history of India and it also plays an important role in social and economic aspects of the Indian society in the present age. Recent technological advances and trade liberalization have made India a major player in international cotton markets. In the year 2011-2012, India was the world＇s second largest producer, consumer and exporter of cotton. The increasing role of the Indian cotton sector in international markets is a direct challenge to other major players like the US. Within this context, a better understanding of the Indian cotton sector and the impact of mechanization on cotton cultivation are needed. The overall objective of this paper is to assess the competitiveness of Indian cotton producers and potential implications for India as a competitor in the world cotton market if it mechanizes harvesting of cotton. The results demonstrate that the net income of the Indian cotton farmers will increase considerably with the mechanization of cotton harvesting. But the adoption of the practice of harvesting cotton by mechanical means is possible only if efforts from many private and public agencies come together. In that scenario, the cotton production in India can increase considerably which can impact the international markets.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to study and analyse the intemationalisation strategies chosen by the main luxury-goods players in the Chinese market, demonstrating the business intemationalisation processes. The research qu...The aim of this paper is to study and analyse the intemationalisation strategies chosen by the main luxury-goods players in the Chinese market, demonstrating the business intemationalisation processes. The research questions are： ttow luxury companies have developed distribution strategies in the Chinese markets？ What are the main formats of distribution for the Chinese markets？ Are there any differences in the internationalization process between the main players of the luxury markets and the smaller ones？ The methodology is based on the analysis on multiple-case ~.nalysis on a sample of luxury-goods companies and identifies and compares the different strategies used by the players analysed. The research process starts from identifying and selecting the most well-known companies operating in the luxury branded sector, which have established a presence in the Chinese market with their own brand, collecting secondary data for the selected companies （website, corporate profile, articles on websites and in trade magazines and interviews with the management）, analysing the data collected and interpreting the main results to have emerged from the research. The main findings and conclusions are that the route to development in the Chinese market taken by the players in the luxury-goods sector, historically undertaken by delocalising production operations, has in recent years begun to accelerate with new forms in play, principally linked to distribution. The Chinese market tbr luxury brands is ever more an outlet market rather than a production hub. The ability to create brand awareness will become a key factor for successful consolidation of the competitive position in this market, an operation that can only be performed through distribution. Moreover, Chinese high-end consumers are becoming ever more demanding, seeking out an ever more sophisticated shopping experience. Just as happening in other markets, opening directly operated stores is a strategic choice for reaching and convincing end-consumers, since these stores become their point of contact with the brand. Creating a shopping experience plays a central role in communicating the values, heritage and spirit of the brand to consumers. Global luxury-goods enterprises are multiplying their investment in opening new sales outlets, using different formats to create distribution system that is predominantly selective but that ensures adequate distribution coverage. The development of direct distribution channels, alongside the more traditional forms of indirect presence, is accompanied by the more innovative players developing the digital channel to accompany and support their retailing activities.展开更多
The present work fits into a wider investigation that I have been carrying on for my project on the peculiarities of Portuguese hip hop. Through our reflections today we would like to identify some of the effects of t...The present work fits into a wider investigation that I have been carrying on for my project on the peculiarities of Portuguese hip hop. Through our reflections today we would like to identify some of the effects of the globalizing forces that have perturbed hip-hop culture and discuss if and how these have influenced its original purposes and messages, or the nature itself of the movement. We would also like to offer our perspective on the consequences of the entrance of hip-hop music in the international marketplace since this passage represents an important moment of its history and development and one of the strongest factors of change within this culture. We will take our examples from the Lusophone, and more specifically the Portuguese, hip bop movement, having a look at what it was in the past----or at its beginning--and at what it is today, in order to understand if we can still consider it a manifestation of peripheral voices.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to test the ability of conditional and unconditional capital asset pricing models （CAPMs） and to explain emerging markets returns in terms of their integration into the international market....The aim of this paper is to test the ability of conditional and unconditional capital asset pricing models （CAPMs） and to explain emerging markets returns in terms of their integration into the international market. The authors use data on five developed countries and five emerging countries as well as data on the Tunis Stock Exchange （TSE） after the reforms. The results show that the correlations between emerging markets returns and developed markets returns are very low and sometimes negative. Conditional arbitrage pricing theory （APT） as well as conditional CAPM has low predictive power for emerging markets than that for developed markets. Finally, following the financial reforms, Tunisian financial markets have became more and more integrated into the international market （excess returns and unconditional beta consistent with predictions）. However, conditional APT does not accurately explain Tunisian market returns. This study confirms the unavailability of an accurate modelling technique of the TSE structure.展开更多
after 30 years of development, private enterprise has become an important pillar of our national economy.With the accelerated process of economic globalization, the private enterprises will face more intense competiti...after 30 years of development, private enterprise has become an important pillar of our national economy.With the accelerated process of economic globalization, the private enterprises will face more intense competition in the domestic market. At the same time in order to obtain various resources, access to the vast market and foreign advanced technology, many private enterprises active or passive choice of ＂going out＂, through the international road to break the bottleneck of development.展开更多
文摘Cotton is one of the most important crops throughout the history of India and it also plays an important role in social and economic aspects of the Indian society in the present age. Recent technological advances and trade liberalization have made India a major player in international cotton markets. In the year 2011-2012, India was the world＇s second largest producer, consumer and exporter of cotton. The increasing role of the Indian cotton sector in international markets is a direct challenge to other major players like the US. Within this context, a better understanding of the Indian cotton sector and the impact of mechanization on cotton cultivation are needed. The overall objective of this paper is to assess the competitiveness of Indian cotton producers and potential implications for India as a competitor in the world cotton market if it mechanizes harvesting of cotton. The results demonstrate that the net income of the Indian cotton farmers will increase considerably with the mechanization of cotton harvesting. But the adoption of the practice of harvesting cotton by mechanical means is possible only if efforts from many private and public agencies come together. In that scenario, the cotton production in India can increase considerably which can impact the international markets.
文摘The aim of this paper is to study and analyse the intemationalisation strategies chosen by the main luxury-goods players in the Chinese market, demonstrating the business intemationalisation processes. The research questions are： ttow luxury companies have developed distribution strategies in the Chinese markets？ What are the main formats of distribution for the Chinese markets？ Are there any differences in the internationalization process between the main players of the luxury markets and the smaller ones？ The methodology is based on the analysis on multiple-case ~.nalysis on a sample of luxury-goods companies and identifies and compares the different strategies used by the players analysed. The research process starts from identifying and selecting the most well-known companies operating in the luxury branded sector, which have established a presence in the Chinese market with their own brand, collecting secondary data for the selected companies （website, corporate profile, articles on websites and in trade magazines and interviews with the management）, analysing the data collected and interpreting the main results to have emerged from the research. The main findings and conclusions are that the route to development in the Chinese market taken by the players in the luxury-goods sector, historically undertaken by delocalising production operations, has in recent years begun to accelerate with new forms in play, principally linked to distribution. The Chinese market tbr luxury brands is ever more an outlet market rather than a production hub. The ability to create brand awareness will become a key factor for successful consolidation of the competitive position in this market, an operation that can only be performed through distribution. Moreover, Chinese high-end consumers are becoming ever more demanding, seeking out an ever more sophisticated shopping experience. Just as happening in other markets, opening directly operated stores is a strategic choice for reaching and convincing end-consumers, since these stores become their point of contact with the brand. Creating a shopping experience plays a central role in communicating the values, heritage and spirit of the brand to consumers. Global luxury-goods enterprises are multiplying their investment in opening new sales outlets, using different formats to create distribution system that is predominantly selective but that ensures adequate distribution coverage. The development of direct distribution channels, alongside the more traditional forms of indirect presence, is accompanied by the more innovative players developing the digital channel to accompany and support their retailing activities.
文摘The present work fits into a wider investigation that I have been carrying on for my project on the peculiarities of Portuguese hip hop. Through our reflections today we would like to identify some of the effects of the globalizing forces that have perturbed hip-hop culture and discuss if and how these have influenced its original purposes and messages, or the nature itself of the movement. We would also like to offer our perspective on the consequences of the entrance of hip-hop music in the international marketplace since this passage represents an important moment of its history and development and one of the strongest factors of change within this culture. We will take our examples from the Lusophone, and more specifically the Portuguese, hip bop movement, having a look at what it was in the past----or at its beginning--and at what it is today, in order to understand if we can still consider it a manifestation of peripheral voices.
文摘The aim of this paper is to test the ability of conditional and unconditional capital asset pricing models （CAPMs） and to explain emerging markets returns in terms of their integration into the international market. The authors use data on five developed countries and five emerging countries as well as data on the Tunis Stock Exchange （TSE） after the reforms. The results show that the correlations between emerging markets returns and developed markets returns are very low and sometimes negative. Conditional arbitrage pricing theory （APT） as well as conditional CAPM has low predictive power for emerging markets than that for developed markets. Finally, following the financial reforms, Tunisian financial markets have became more and more integrated into the international market （excess returns and unconditional beta consistent with predictions）. However, conditional APT does not accurately explain Tunisian market returns. This study confirms the unavailability of an accurate modelling technique of the TSE structure.
文摘after 30 years of development, private enterprise has become an important pillar of our national economy.With the accelerated process of economic globalization, the private enterprises will face more intense competition in the domestic market. At the same time in order to obtain various resources, access to the vast market and foreign advanced technology, many private enterprises active or passive choice of ＂going out＂, through the international road to break the bottleneck of development.
