EVALUATION OF INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA (2002) FOR PRIMARY SJGREN'S SYNDROME IN CHINESE PATIENTS

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of international classification criteria （2002） for primary Sjogren＇s syndrome （pSS） and the role of lower lip biopsy in diagnosis of pSS in Chinese patients. Mothoda Patients who were diagnosed by the experts/rheumatologists as pSS during 1990-2002 from the Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively collected as experimental group. Patients who were diagnosed as non-pSS connective tissue diseases or non-connective tissue diseases served as control group. Those with a history of head-neck radiation, hepatitis C virus infection, AIDS, lymphoma, sarcoidosis, graft versus host disease （GVHD）, and anti-acetylcholine drug use were exempted. Both groups were required to complete questionnaires about symptoms such as dry eyes and dry mouth, and complete the objective tests of keratoconjunctivitis and xerostomia including Schirmer test, corneal staining, unstimulated salivary flow, sialography, lower lip biopsy, and antinuclear antibodies （including anti-SSA/SSB antibodies） test. Results A total of 330 pSS patients were included in experimental group and 185 non-pSS patients in control group. The mean age of both groups matched （47.8 ± 10.9 years vs. 46.2±13.6 years, P 〉 0.05）. The sensitivities of the criteria in pSS patients with lower lip biopsy and in pSS patients without lower lip biopsy were 89.2% and 87.2%, respectively; the overall sensitivity was 88.5%. The specificity was 97.3%. A total of 11.3% pSS patients with negative anti-SSA/SSB antibodies were diagnosed as pSS by lower lip biopsy. Coadwion The international classification criteria （2002） for pSS is feasible in Chinese patients. It has high sensitivity and specificity, and may serve as diagnosis criteria in routine clinical practice.

Interannual and interdecadal variability of East Asian monsoon and its relation to oceanic processes: a review

A key component of the East Asian climate system is seasonally varying monsoon wind. Its interannual and interdecadal variability, as we1l as underlying oceanic processes, is the subject of a recent project completed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. A series of research progress in the areas of monsoon winds, ocean responses, upwelling and productivity has been made and reviewed by this paper.

Labour Productivity and the Chaotic Economic Growth Model： G7

Chaos theory is used to prove that erratic and chaotic fluctuations can indeed arise in completely deterministic models. Chaos theory reveals structure in aperiodic, dynamic systems. The number of nonlinear business cycle models use chaos theory to explain complex motion of the economy. Almost three years after the crisis, the G7 countries continue to be challenged with economic volatility. The global economy has slowed. Growth in the United States has weakened. In Europe, economic instability is generated by the financial and economic imbalances. Europe is gripped with financial strains from the sovereign debt crisis in the euro area periphery. How these G7 economies confront their fiscal challenges will profoundly affect their economic stability. The basic aim of this paper is to provide a relatively simple chaotic economic growth model that is capable of generating stable equilibria, cycles, or chaos. This paper looks in more detail at the GDP growth stability issues in each of the G7 countries in the period 1990-2012 （Retrieved from http：//www, imf.org）. A key hypothesis of this work is based on the idea that the coefficient π =[p（s_p-i-n/pb-p_mb_m）] plays a crucial role in explaining local stability of the gross domestic product growth, where, p---the coefficient of labour productivity; p.,--the coefficient of the marginal labour productivity, sp-private saving rate;i--investment rate; b-percent of the gross domestic product which belongs to budget deficit; bm-marginal budget deficit coefficient; n-net capital outflow rate.

如何提高门球比赛的观赏性

2004年7月,中国门协第4届委员会在桂林召开会议期间,几位领导人多次谈到“要不断提升门球的地位、品位和观赏性”。门球走向市场化,首要条件是观众。多年来的实践证明,我国门球有不少不吸引观众的因素,也随之阻碍了新人的参与,所谓“城市门球人口下降”。研究一下这诸多因素,克服它,对我国门球尽快走向市场化是必要的。

Global Governance： The Rise of Global Civil Society and China

A remarkable change of the global system is occurring with the rise of civil society and China. The rise of civil society in the international arena and the role of civil society in global politics have received much scholarly attention in recent years. Civil society is playing a role in international development, which has an impact on China in global governance. The vigorous rise of China as a worldwide economic and political player is also a principal theme of present intellectual and political discussions. This paper discusses the rise of civil society in the world and its major contributions, both positive and negative, to world politics, and investigates the implications of the rise of civil society to China in global governance. This study will show that China is engaged actively in international affairs and is promoting good global governance and that China not only plays a constructive role in the international organizations of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization but also plays a part in dealing with some major international challenges. The study argues that the rise of civil society and the rise of China are two important movements in global governance and that these two trends not only serve to increase progressively the effectiveness of the global system, but also will play more important roles in global governance in the future.

Temporal variation in modal properties of a base-isolated building during an earthquake

Temporal variation of dynamical modal properties of a base-isolated building is investigated using earthquake records in the building. A batch processing least-squares estimation method is applied to segment-wise time-series data. To construct an input-output system,an auto-regressive model with exogenous input (ARX) of second-order including a forgetting coefficient as a weighting coefficient is used for the estimation of modal parameters. The fundamental and second natural frequencies and the damping ratios of the fundamental and second natural modes of the base-isolated building are identified in the time domain. The identified results are consistent with the results obtained from the micro-tremor vibration data,forced-vibration test data and earthquake records in the present base-isolated building in the case of taking into account the amplitude-dependency of the isolators and viscous dampers. It is finally pointed out that several factors,e.g.,amplitude dependency of the isolator and damper system and special characteristics of the series-type viscous damper system,may be related complicatedly with the temporal variation in modal properties of the above-mentioned system.