Carbon emissions embodied in international trade of China during 1997-2007 are accounted by input-output method based on Chinese input-output table and global trade analysis project database.It is revealed that carbon...Carbon emissions embodied in international trade of China during 1997-2007 are accounted by input-output method based on Chinese input-output table and global trade analysis project database.It is revealed that carbon emissions embodied in imports and exports both increased during 1997-2007,but carbon emissions embodied in exports are greater than those embodied in imports,China is a net export nation in embodied carbon.The net exports of embodied carbon account for about 10.82%of the total carbon emissions in 1997,dropped to 7.15%in 2002,increased to 13.13%in 2006,and slightly dropped to 12.64%in 2007.Low-end position of international industry division is an objective factor of being a net exporter of embodied carbon for China,and usage of a large amount of obsolete energy-using equipments wasted much energy and increased carbon emissions embodied in exports. Importers should take more responsibilities for carbon emissions embodied in trade,and China should take a certain responsibility for unreasonable energy dissipations too.展开更多
After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented,carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy.Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consump...After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented,carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy.Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consumption to other countries.China has overtaken the U.S.as the world's biggest CO2 emitter since 2006.As China's second largest trade partner,the U.S.has the biggest trade deficit with China which has aroused a lot of disputes between the two parties.But so far the assessments of the trade imbalance of China-U.S.have paid little attention to environmental impacts associated with the trade imbalance.Applied an input-output approach,the article estimates the amount of CO2 embodied in China-U.S.trade during 1997-2007.It was found that through trade with China,the U.S.reduced its CO2 emissions compared with a non-trade scenario.Due to the greater carbon-intensity and relatively less efficient production processes of Chinese industry,China-U.S.trade resulted in more CO2 emissions in China and the world.In the end,the article gives some suggestions:it is equal and sustainable that the international accounting methodologies should be improved,for CO2 emissions responsibility must be designed to account for the dynamic nature of international trade.展开更多
This paper calculated the scale of carbon emissions embodied in the import and export of the world's major countries based on input-output principles and international trade data, as well as data on various countries...This paper calculated the scale of carbon emissions embodied in the import and export of the world's major countries based on input-output principles and international trade data, as well as data on various countries'carbon emissions in 2005 from domestic consumption and emissions embodied in trade. The results illustrate that, because of international trade, consumers in developed countries should bear the responsibility for a large portion of CO2 emissions. The researchers separated the net transfer balance of embodied emissions in international trade according to four different effects: size effect, exchange rate effect, structural effect, and pure technical effect, all of which favor the sharing of responsibilities between producers and consumers.展开更多
Due to ongoing growth in carbon emission, many governments' have taken measures to curb it. Thus, it is of great importance to measure carbon emissions in international trade and probe into the causes behind them. Th...Due to ongoing growth in carbon emission, many governments' have taken measures to curb it. Thus, it is of great importance to measure carbon emissions in international trade and probe into the causes behind them. This paper first applies inputoutput model then it estimates the carbon emissions embodied in China's international trade in 2002, 2005 and 2007. Using structural decomposition analysis, this paper measures carbon emissions in international trade by their scale effect, composition effect and intensity effect. Our results illustrate: (1) a rapidly-rising net export of carbon emissions for China, and (2) scale effect and composition effect stimulates carbon emissions embodied in exports, while intensity effect discourages it.展开更多
International trade matters in assessing the extent of China's responsibility for CO2 emis- sions. A determining factor is whether emissions are measured in production or in consumption terms. Based on a series of in...International trade matters in assessing the extent of China's responsibility for CO2 emis- sions. A determining factor is whether emissions are measured in production or in consumption terms. Based on a series of input-output tables, an empirical analysis is conducted to measure the impact of international trade on China's emissions growth during the period 1997 to 2007. The authors also measure the impact on emissions of bilateral trade between China and US, European Union and Japan. As the largest of the developing countries, China has a trade surplus that can substantially influence its measured responsibility for emissions. The authors consider some policy implications for ihternational negotiations to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.展开更多
文摘Carbon emissions embodied in international trade of China during 1997-2007 are accounted by input-output method based on Chinese input-output table and global trade analysis project database.It is revealed that carbon emissions embodied in imports and exports both increased during 1997-2007,but carbon emissions embodied in exports are greater than those embodied in imports,China is a net export nation in embodied carbon.The net exports of embodied carbon account for about 10.82%of the total carbon emissions in 1997,dropped to 7.15%in 2002,increased to 13.13%in 2006,and slightly dropped to 12.64%in 2007.Low-end position of international industry division is an objective factor of being a net exporter of embodied carbon for China,and usage of a large amount of obsolete energy-using equipments wasted much energy and increased carbon emissions embodied in exports. Importers should take more responsibilities for carbon emissions embodied in trade,and China should take a certain responsibility for unreasonable energy dissipations too.
文摘After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented,carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy.Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consumption to other countries.China has overtaken the U.S.as the world's biggest CO2 emitter since 2006.As China's second largest trade partner,the U.S.has the biggest trade deficit with China which has aroused a lot of disputes between the two parties.But so far the assessments of the trade imbalance of China-U.S.have paid little attention to environmental impacts associated with the trade imbalance.Applied an input-output approach,the article estimates the amount of CO2 embodied in China-U.S.trade during 1997-2007.It was found that through trade with China,the U.S.reduced its CO2 emissions compared with a non-trade scenario.Due to the greater carbon-intensity and relatively less efficient production processes of Chinese industry,China-U.S.trade resulted in more CO2 emissions in China and the world.In the end,the article gives some suggestions:it is equal and sustainable that the international accounting methodologies should be improved,for CO2 emissions responsibility must be designed to account for the dynamic nature of international trade.
文摘This paper calculated the scale of carbon emissions embodied in the import and export of the world's major countries based on input-output principles and international trade data, as well as data on various countries'carbon emissions in 2005 from domestic consumption and emissions embodied in trade. The results illustrate that, because of international trade, consumers in developed countries should bear the responsibility for a large portion of CO2 emissions. The researchers separated the net transfer balance of embodied emissions in international trade according to four different effects: size effect, exchange rate effect, structural effect, and pure technical effect, all of which favor the sharing of responsibilities between producers and consumers.
文摘Due to ongoing growth in carbon emission, many governments' have taken measures to curb it. Thus, it is of great importance to measure carbon emissions in international trade and probe into the causes behind them. This paper first applies inputoutput model then it estimates the carbon emissions embodied in China's international trade in 2002, 2005 and 2007. Using structural decomposition analysis, this paper measures carbon emissions in international trade by their scale effect, composition effect and intensity effect. Our results illustrate: (1) a rapidly-rising net export of carbon emissions for China, and (2) scale effect and composition effect stimulates carbon emissions embodied in exports, while intensity effect discourages it.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.71103176,71003115 and 71473246,Collaborative Innovation CenterResearch Innovation Team Supporting Plan of the Central University of Finance and Economics
文摘International trade matters in assessing the extent of China's responsibility for CO2 emis- sions. A determining factor is whether emissions are measured in production or in consumption terms. Based on a series of input-output tables, an empirical analysis is conducted to measure the impact of international trade on China's emissions growth during the period 1997 to 2007. The authors also measure the impact on emissions of bilateral trade between China and US, European Union and Japan. As the largest of the developing countries, China has a trade surplus that can substantially influence its measured responsibility for emissions. The authors consider some policy implications for ihternational negotiations to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.