谈谈外贸企业经营机制问题

转换企业经营机制,是我国经济体制改革中的一件大事,外贸企业要做好这方面的工作,核心是要解决好企业自主权问题,这涉及到产权制度的改革。以股份制来解决转换企业经营机制问题是一种好办法,但目前企业在发展股份制的外部环境还很不确定的情况下,在原来承包制的基础上进行改善,建立符合市场经济的经营机制也不失为一种采取办法;没有称职的经理人才,企业就无法发展,转换企业经营机制应重视造就人才,外贸企业人才应注重三个方面:即有进行策略规划的能力,有提高服务质量的能力,有在国际市场上操作的能力;外贸企业要引入国际竞争机制,实行多元化经营、集团化经营、国际化经营;建立出口传导机制,通过扩张出口不断增强出口效益。

Does Environmental Regulation Weaken Industrial Competitiveness?Inspirations from China’s Iron and Steel Sector

China＇s economic growth is heavily influenced by exports, while reconciling environmental regulation and economic growth requires handling the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness well. The effects of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness are largely subject to the institutional design of environmental regulation. Despite numerous studies on the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness, a consensus has yet to be reached. Aside from differences in research methodology, these studies failed to give sufficient consideration to the impact of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness. Such effects can be negative or positive depending on the design of environmental regulatory policy. This paper has investigated the relationship between environmental regulation and the competitiveness of China＇s iron and steel industry and discovered that tighter environmental regulation does not diminish the competitiveness of the iron and steel industry since the policy design of environmental regulation accommodates the tolerance of advanced production capacity and includes a reasonable cost sharing mechanism. This discovery is of important reference for China to develop rational policy design to balance the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness.

开启铁矿石期货国际化

5月4日，大连商品交易所（下称“大商所”）铁矿石期货正式开启了国际化进程，让“中国价格”走出去的同时将境外投资者和国际竞争机制请进来，实现了我国期贷市场与国际市场的新融合。铁矿石作为我国进口量最大、进口额仅次于原油的第二大大宗商品，是国民经济极为重要的生产原材料。铁矿石期货国际化顺应构建全面对外开放新格局的战略要求，对于推动经济高质量发展、构建更加公平合理的国际贸易新秩序具有重要意义。