含蚀坑缺陷压力管道极限载荷预测分析

为评价含蚀坑缺陷压力管道极限载荷,基于CT扫描三维几何重构实体化几何模型建模方法,结合损伤力学分析方法,提出了基于CT扫描三维几何重构含蚀坑缺陷压力管道扩展有限元分析方法,即基于数字孪生的含蚀坑缺陷压力管道极限承载能力图像有限元分析方法,采用理论计算对该方法进行了准确性和可靠性验证。研究结果表明,重构模型与真实模型的几何结构参数最大误差不超过2.75%,证明重构方法在管道检测上是几何精确的,重构模型可用于工程计算;扩展有限元计算结果与DNV-RP-F101—2004、PCORRC两种方法所得结果基本吻合,最大误差分别为8.877%和15.846%,证明基于扩展有限元方法的管道承载力预测方法可以满足工程应用需要。

Indirect tension test of epoxy asphalt mixtureusing microstructural finite-element model

A finite-element model of the thermosetting epoxy asphalt mixture（EAM） microstructure is developed to simulate the indirect tension test（IDT）.Image techniques are used to capture the EAM microstructure which is divided into two phases：aggregates and mastic.A viscoelastic constitutive relationship,which is obtained from the results of a creep test,is used to represent the mastic phase at intermittent temperatures.Model simulation results of the stiffness modulus in IDT compare favorably with experimental data.Different loading directions and velocities are employed in order to account for their influence on the modulus and the localized stress of the microstructure model.It is pointed out that the modulus is not consistent when the loading direction changes since the heterogeneous distribution of the mixture internal structure,and the loading velocity affects the localized stress as a result of the viscoelasticity of the mastic.The study results can provide a theoretical basis for the finite-element method,which can be extended to the numerical simulations of asphalt mixture micromechanical behavior.

Determination of pile failure mechanism under pullout test in loose sand

Estimating the deformation of soil around the pile contributes to reliable design of structures under pullout force. This work presents the results of a series of small-scale physical modelling tests designed to investigate the uplift resistance of piles with diameter of 5 cm and slenderness ratios of 1, 2, 3 and 4 in loose sand. Close photogrammetric technique and particle image velocimetry(PIV) were employed to observe the failure patterns due to uplift force on piles. The results show that the shear zones curve slightly outward near the ground surface. After peak resistance, the shear strain concentrates into a pair of narrow shear bands,then a flow around mechanism is formed accompanied by a reduction in the uplift resistance. The results from the laboratory tests were verified by analytical method proposed by Chattopadhyay and PLAXIS 2D and 3D finite element method software. It is found that the depth and width of the failure surface increase with the increment of the slenderness ratio. A good agreement is observed among the measured bearing capacity and obtained failure surface of the models and the results of numerical modelling. Finally, the maximum deformation of loose and dense sand respectively with densities of 25% and 75% were compared in the stage of fully removing pile. The results shows that the deformation of the soil is related to its density, therefore it depends on its dilatancy.

A B-spline active contour model based on finite element method

A B-spline active contour model based on finite element method is presented, into which the advantages of a B-spline active contour attributing to its fewer parameters and its smoothness is built accompanied with reduced computational complexity and better numerical stability resulted from the finite element method. In this model, a cubic B-spline segment is taken as an element, and the finite element method is adopted to solve the energy minimization problem of the B-spline active contour, thus to implement image segmentation. Experiment results verify that this method is efficient for B-spline active contour, which attains stable, accurate and faster convergence.

Micromechanical characteristics of the asphalt mixture in bending condition

The characteristics of asphalt mixtures are associated with the key features of the mixed material when it is not damaged.Two-dimensional(2D) microstructure images of asphalt mixture bending beam specimen were captured by a CCD camera.After image processing,such as noise elimination,boundary identification,image binarization and vectorization,the images were imported into finite element(FE) software in order to set up the micromechanical finite element(FE) model.The simulation results show that the displacement contours spectrum is not a smooth curve since the mixed material is heterogeneous.Also,the largest strain value exists at the bottom of the specimen between two coarse aggregates,and it is the point where the fracture starts.The stress values of aggregates are larger than those of the asphalt matrix.Different from the strain of asphalt matrix,the strain of aggregates is close to zero because the aggregates have higher capability to resist self-deformation.The difference in deformation between aggregate and asphalt matrix can lead to an interface crack as a final result.All these results can be improved by three-point bending test of asphalt mixture beam.