Quantitative characterization of β-solidifying γ-TiAl alloy with duplex structure

For precise plastic deformation,microstructure control is essential especially for β-solidifying γ-TiAl alloy with duplex structure.Based on stereology,the microstructure of isothermally compressed γ-TiAl alloy was divided into β_(0) grains,remnant α_(2)/γ lamellar colonies,α_(2) and γ grains.The results show that the volume fraction of β_(0) grains slightly increases in the isothermally compressed γ-TiAl alloy with the increase of height reduction.Meanwhile,the volume fractions of remnant α_(2)/γ lamellar colonies and α_(2) grains decrease.However,the volume fraction of γ grains increases from 64.39% to 78.47%.According to the quantitative results,the α→γ phase transformation was investigated in-depth,and it is found that isothermal compression accelerates the α→γ phase transformation.The first α→γ phase transformation is similar to ledge-controlled transformation,through which remnant α_(2)/γ lamellar colonies finally convert intoγgrains in isothermal compression.The second is achieved by α/γ phase interface immigration.

Metrically measuring liver biopsy:A chronic hepatitis B and C computer-aided morphologic description

AIM： To describe a quantitative analysis method for liver biopsy sections with a machine that we have named ＂Dioguardi Histological Metriser＂ which automatically measures the residual hepatocyte mass （including hepatocytes vacuolization）, inflammation, fibrosis and the loss of liver tissue tectonics.METHODS： We analysed digitised images of liver biopsy sections taken from 398 patients, The analysis with Dioguardi Histological Metriser was validated by comparison with semi-quantitative scoring system.RESULTS： The method provides： （1） the metrical extension in two-dimensions （the plane） of the residual hepatocellular set, including the area of vacuoles pertinent to abnormal lipid accumulation; （2） the geo- metric measure of the inflammation basin, which distinguishes intra-basin space and extra-basin dispersed parenchymal leukoo/tes; （3） the magnitude of collagen islets, （which were considered truncated fractals and classified into three degrees of magnitude）; and （4） the tectonic index that quantifies alterations （disorders） in the organization of liver tissue. Dioguardi Histological Metriser machine allows to work at a speed of 0.1 mm^2/s, scanning a whole section in 6-8 min.CONCLUSION： The results are the first standardized metrical evaluation of the geometric properties of the parenchyma, inflammation, fibrosis, and alterations in liver tissue tectonics of the biopsy sections. The present study confirms that biopsies are still valuable, not only for diagnosing chronic hepatitis, but also for quantifying changes in the organization and order of liver tissue structure.

Historical Development in Soil Micromorphological Imaging

The book ＂micropedolog＂ by Kubieana and a large number of publications has induced many people to practice soil micromorphology. Quantification of the soil fabric and its components was a major challenge. The use of the image analyses in soil science was a breakthrough. Attempts to make soil thin sections go back to the beginning of the 2oth century. Microscopic techniques and recently high resolution electron microscope and use of computer assisted imaging techniques enabled the in vitro study of soils in three dimensional levels. It is now possible to store and process massive amounts of data. Micro- morphological concepts and techniques are applied in paleopedological, ecological, and archaeological studies. The aim of this work was to examine soil micromorphological imaging in historical perspective.

The expression of Survivin in lung adenocarcinoma:a comparative study in Xuanwei and Kunming

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the expression of Survivin in lung adenocarcinoma of Xuanwei and Kunming patients. Methods: Twenty-five specimens of Xuanwei patients and 28 specimens of Kunming patients were observed and analyzed. The Survivin expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. The results were quantitatively analyzed by image analysis system. Results: There were significant differences in Survivin expression (P < 0.01) between Xuanwei patients and Kunming patients. Conclusion: Survivin expression in lung adenocarcinoma of Xuanwei patients was significantly higher than that of Kunming patients. The pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma might be different between Xuanwei patients and Kunming patients. High Survivin expression might be one of the reasons to explain high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei.

无线低码率视频中的信源-信道联合RD模型

为了实现无线低码率视频应用中端到端失真特性的动态分析,本文首先以图像组(GOP)为观察单元,分别对I帧和P帧进行了信源和信道的失真分析;然后分析了信道失真在GOP内的传播规律;最后在此基础上,提出了一个信源-信道联合率失真(RD)模型.该模型能根据视频序列的内容变化和信道丢包率,动态地估计出一个GOP中各帧的平均端到端失真.实验结果表明,该模型具有很好的动态性能和精确性.

Expression of Hsp70 and Caspase-3 in rabbits after se- vere traumatic brain injury

Objective： To investigate the expres- sion of Caspase-3 and Hsp70 in rabbits after severe trau- matic brain injury （TBI） and to explore the feasibility of its application in estimation of injury time in forensic medicine. Methods： Arabbit model of heavy TBI was developed by high velocity impact on the parietal bone with an iron stick. Totally 8 healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group （n=2） and injury group （n=6）. Four hours after injury, tissue specimens from the parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe, cerebellum and brainstem were harvested to detect the expression of Hsp70 and Caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry. Besides, the gray values of cells positive for HspT0 and Caspase-3 were analyzed with an image analyzer. Results： Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated a low level of Caspase-3 and Hsp70 expression in normal control group. While in injury group, both the Caspase-3 and Hsp70 expression was significantly elevated （P〈0.05）. Positive cells gathered around the lesion focus. Occipital lobe and cerebellum had fewer positive cells while temporal and brainstem had the fewest. Conclusion： The expression of Caspase-3 and HspT0 at an early stage following severe TBI is characteristic and can be applied to estimate the time of injury.