This paper puts forword 11 cartographic generalization operator models and introduces their mathematical definitions,and thus a precise mathematical form and quantitative description has been given to these formerly l...This paper puts forword 11 cartographic generalization operator models and introduces their mathematical definitions,and thus a precise mathematical form and quantitative description has been given to these formerly limited qualitative concepts.The meaning of mathematical definition of operators for cartographic generalization and the application prospect in computer_aided cartography (CAC) is stated.ract The Jurassic strata in Jingyan of Sichuan containing the Mamenchinsaurus fauna are dealt with and divided in this paper. The Mamenchisaurus fossils contained there are compared in morphological features and stratigraphically with other types of the genus on by one. The comprehensive analysis show that the Mamenchisaurus fauna of Jingyan appeared in the early Late Jurassic and is primitive in morphology. The results of the morphological identification and stratigraphical study agree with each other. Their evolutionary processes in different apoches of the Late Jurassic also made clear. Key words Jingyan, Sichuan, Mamenchisaurus Fauna, stratigraphy, evolution展开更多
The parametric part assembly generation method is presented. Based on the parametric part generated by means of constructive-element, through interactively inputting the relationships of the location and the assembly,...The parametric part assembly generation method is presented. Based on the parametric part generated by means of constructive-element, through interactively inputting the relationships of the location and the assembly, and by compiling operations like movement and rotation, the assembly drawing is created so as to implement the occurrence of the parameterizations of the assembly and the part drawing. The data structure of the assembly part and the key technologies of hidden line removal in the implementation of assembly process, etc. , are described in detail.展开更多
瑞德菲尔德（John Howard Redfield．1879—1944年）是一位命运多舛、时运不济的语言学家、工程师、数学家，在组合学中是一位有些神秘的人物。他一生虽仅发表了一篇文章，却预示了十年后著名的波利亚计数定理。他的工作当时并没有受到...瑞德菲尔德（John Howard Redfield．1879—1944年）是一位命运多舛、时运不济的语言学家、工程师、数学家，在组合学中是一位有些神秘的人物。他一生虽仅发表了一篇文章，却预示了十年后著名的波利亚计数定理。他的工作当时并没有受到重视，但历史的尘埃终究掩盖不住智慧的光芒，经过近半个世纪的涤荡，数学界终于意识到他的重要成就。展开更多
For deep mining engineering, heat transfer of coal mass is a vital factor in the thermal environment of coal mines. In order to study the thermal conduction mechanism, we obtained gray images of coal mass microstructu...For deep mining engineering, heat transfer of coal mass is a vital factor in the thermal environment of coal mines. In order to study the thermal conduction mechanism, we obtained gray images of coal mass microstructure by scanning samples with a digital microscope. With the use of Matlab, these gray images were transformed into binary images, which were then transformed into a corresponding matrix consisting only of the values 0 and 1. According to the calculation method of box-counting dimension, we calculated the fractal dimension of the loose coal to be approximately 1.86. The thermal conductivity expressions of loose coal were derived based on the simulation method of thermal resistance. We calculated the thermal conductivity of loose coal by using a fractal model and compared the calculated values with our experimental data. The results show that the test data show an encourag-ing agreement with the calculated values. Hence fractal theory is a feasible method for studying thermal conductivity of loose coal.展开更多
This paper seeks a synthesis of Bayesian and geostatistical approaches to combining categorical data in the context of remote sensing classification. By experiment with aerial photographs and Landsat TM data, accuracy...This paper seeks a synthesis of Bayesian and geostatistical approaches to combining categorical data in the context of remote sensing classification. By experiment with aerial photographs and Landsat TM data, accuracy of spectral, spatial, and combined classification results was evaluated. It was confirmed that the incorporation of spatial information in spectral classification increases accuracy significantly. Secondly, through test with a 5-class and a 3-class classification schemes, it was revealed that setting a proper semantic framework for classification is fundamental to any endeavors of categorical mapping and the most important factor affecting accuracy. Lastly, this paper promotes non-parametric methods for both definition of class membership profiling based on band-specific histograms of image intensities and derivation of spatial probability via indicator kriging, a non-parametric geostatistical technique.展开更多
Metric measurement of digitized shapes is commonly applied in optical measuring systems.In this letter,three shape-related factors defined by the authors are used in the construction of amultiple linear regression mod...Metric measurement of digitized shapes is commonly applied in optical measuring systems.In this letter,three shape-related factors defined by the authors are used in the construction of amultiple linear regression model which is utilized to compute the circumference of the convex shapes inmillimeter unit.The model is first built upon the relationship hypothesis and then its adequacy ismathematically validated.The results of applying the developed model to the given number of convexshapes in a finite circumferential length range suggest that,in terms of percent error,the model pre-cision is to satisfaction by being within±4%.The test also shows the model’s robustness against theshape’s orientation anisotropy.展开更多
Objective： The aim of this study was to determine an optimal slice thickness that was efficient in revealing Iobulation of malignant solitary pulmonary nodules （SPNs） on multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSC...Objective： The aim of this study was to determine an optimal slice thickness that was efficient in revealing Iobulation of malignant solitary pulmonary nodules （SPNs） on multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） images preliminarily. Methods： Fifty patients with malignant SPNs （diameter -〈 3 cm） underwent multidetector-row computed tomography of the chest in a single-breath-hold technique. The raw data were acquired with a collimation of 0.625 mm. Three sets of contiguous images were reconstructed with 1-, 2-, and 5-ram slice thickness, respectively. The Iobulation sign of SPNs on the computed tomography （CT） images presented in 1-, 2-, and 5-ram slice thickness was compared. Using the 1-mm sections as the gold standard, an optimal slice thickness in revealing Iobulation sign of SPNs was determined. Results： The 1-mm-thick images CT revealed 98 Iobulations （25 with chord distance 〈 1 ram; 30 with chord distance 1-2 ram; 43 with chord distance 〉 2 mm） of 45 malignant SPNs. 18 Iobulations with chord distance 〈 1 mm presented in 2-mm-thick sections were as same as those in I-ram-thick sections. Statistically significant difference in Iobulations number was found between that revealed in 2-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.023 〈 0.05）. 16 Iobulations with chord distance 〈 1 mm presented in 5-mm-thick sections were as same as that in I-ram-thick sections. There was statistically significant difference in Iobulations number between that revealed in 5-mm-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.004 〈 0.05）. The 24 Iobulations with chord distance 1-2 mm presented in 2-ram-thick sections were as same as that in 1-mm-thick sections. No statistically significant difference in Iobulations number were found between that revealed in 2-mm-thick images and that in 1-mm-thick images （P = 0.261 〉 0.05）. 13 Iobulations with chord distance 1-2 mm presented in 5-ram-thick sections were as same as that in 1- mm-thick sections. There was statistically significant difference in Iobulations number between that revealed in 5-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.003 〈 0.05）. 40 Iobulations with chord distance 〉 2 mm presented in 2-ram-thick sections were as same as that in I-ram-thick sections. No statistically significant difference in Iobulations number was found between that revealed in 2-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.631 〉 0.05）. 36 Iobulations with chord distance 〉 2 mm presented in 5-mm-thick sections were as same as that in I-ram-thick sections. There was no statistically significant difference in Iobulations number between that revealed in 5-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.264 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： It is suggested that the use of 1-mm slice thickness is suitable in revealing Iobulations with chord distance 〈 1 ram. A 2-mm slice thickness is suggested to be used in revealing Iobulafions with chord distance 1-2 mm and 5-mm slice thickness to be used in revealing Iobulations with chord distance 〉 2 mm.展开更多
According to the principle of polarization imaging and the relation between Stokes parameters and the degree of linear polarization, there are much redundant and complementary information in polarized images. Since ma...According to the principle of polarization imaging and the relation between Stokes parameters and the degree of linear polarization, there are much redundant and complementary information in polarized images. Since man-made objects and natural objects can be easily distinguished in images of degree of linear polarization and images of Stokes parameters contain rich detailed information of the scene, the clutters in the images can be removed efficiently while the detailed information can be maintained by combining these images. An algorithm of adaptive polarization image fusion based on regional energy dynamic weighted average is proposed in this paper to combine these images. Through an experiment and simulations,most clutters are removed by this algorithm. The fusion method is used for different light conditions in simulation, and the influence of lighting conditions on the fusion results is analyzed.展开更多
Qualitative algebraic equations are the basis of qualitative simulation,which are used to express the dynamic behavior of steady-state continuous processes.When the values and operation of qualitative variables are re...Qualitative algebraic equations are the basis of qualitative simulation,which are used to express the dynamic behavior of steady-state continuous processes.When the values and operation of qualitative variables are redefined,qualitative algebraic equations can be transformed into signed direct graphs,which are frequently used to predict the trend of dynamic changes.However,it is difficult to use traditional qualitative algebra methods based on artificial trial and error to solve a complex problem for dynamic trends.An important aspect of modern qualitative algebra is to model and characterize complex systems with the corresponding computer-aided automatic reasoning.In this study,a qualitative affection equation based on multiple conditions is proposed,which enables the signed di-rect graphs to describe complex systems better and improves the fault diagnosis resolution.The application to an industrial case shows that the method performs well.展开更多
文摘This paper puts forword 11 cartographic generalization operator models and introduces their mathematical definitions,and thus a precise mathematical form and quantitative description has been given to these formerly limited qualitative concepts.The meaning of mathematical definition of operators for cartographic generalization and the application prospect in computer_aided cartography (CAC) is stated.ract The Jurassic strata in Jingyan of Sichuan containing the Mamenchinsaurus fauna are dealt with and divided in this paper. The Mamenchisaurus fossils contained there are compared in morphological features and stratigraphically with other types of the genus on by one. The comprehensive analysis show that the Mamenchisaurus fauna of Jingyan appeared in the early Late Jurassic and is primitive in morphology. The results of the morphological identification and stratigraphical study agree with each other. Their evolutionary processes in different apoches of the Late Jurassic also made clear. Key words Jingyan, Sichuan, Mamenchisaurus Fauna, stratigraphy, evolution
文摘The parametric part assembly generation method is presented. Based on the parametric part generated by means of constructive-element, through interactively inputting the relationships of the location and the assembly, and by compiling operations like movement and rotation, the assembly drawing is created so as to implement the occurrence of the parameterizations of the assembly and the part drawing. The data structure of the assembly part and the key technologies of hidden line removal in the implementation of assembly process, etc. , are described in detail.
文摘瑞德菲尔德（John Howard Redfield．1879—1944年）是一位命运多舛、时运不济的语言学家、工程师、数学家，在组合学中是一位有些神秘的人物。他一生虽仅发表了一篇文章，却预示了十年后著名的波利亚计数定理。他的工作当时并没有受到重视，但历史的尘埃终究掩盖不住智慧的光芒，经过近半个世纪的涤荡，数学界终于意识到他的重要成就。
基金support for this study, provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos50534040 and 50974117)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources & Mine Safety, CUMT (No07KF10)
文摘For deep mining engineering, heat transfer of coal mass is a vital factor in the thermal environment of coal mines. In order to study the thermal conduction mechanism, we obtained gray images of coal mass microstructure by scanning samples with a digital microscope. With the use of Matlab, these gray images were transformed into binary images, which were then transformed into a corresponding matrix consisting only of the values 0 and 1. According to the calculation method of box-counting dimension, we calculated the fractal dimension of the loose coal to be approximately 1.86. The thermal conductivity expressions of loose coal were derived based on the simulation method of thermal resistance. We calculated the thermal conductivity of loose coal by using a fractal model and compared the calculated values with our experimental data. The results show that the test data show an encourag-ing agreement with the calculated values. Hence fractal theory is a feasible method for studying thermal conductivity of loose coal.
文摘This paper seeks a synthesis of Bayesian and geostatistical approaches to combining categorical data in the context of remote sensing classification. By experiment with aerial photographs and Landsat TM data, accuracy of spectral, spatial, and combined classification results was evaluated. It was confirmed that the incorporation of spatial information in spectral classification increases accuracy significantly. Secondly, through test with a 5-class and a 3-class classification schemes, it was revealed that setting a proper semantic framework for classification is fundamental to any endeavors of categorical mapping and the most important factor affecting accuracy. Lastly, this paper promotes non-parametric methods for both definition of class membership profiling based on band-specific histograms of image intensities and derivation of spatial probability via indicator kriging, a non-parametric geostatistical technique.
基金the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(No.2006A610016)the Foundation of National EducationMinistry for Returned Overseas Students&Scholars(SRFfor ROCS,SEM.No.2006699).
文摘Metric measurement of digitized shapes is commonly applied in optical measuring systems.In this letter,three shape-related factors defined by the authors are used in the construction of amultiple linear regression model which is utilized to compute the circumference of the convex shapes inmillimeter unit.The model is first built upon the relationship hypothesis and then its adequacy ismathematically validated.The results of applying the developed model to the given number of convexshapes in a finite circumferential length range suggest that,in terms of percent error,the model pre-cision is to satisfaction by being within±4%.The test also shows the model’s robustness against theshape’s orientation anisotropy.
文摘Objective： The aim of this study was to determine an optimal slice thickness that was efficient in revealing Iobulation of malignant solitary pulmonary nodules （SPNs） on multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） images preliminarily. Methods： Fifty patients with malignant SPNs （diameter -〈 3 cm） underwent multidetector-row computed tomography of the chest in a single-breath-hold technique. The raw data were acquired with a collimation of 0.625 mm. Three sets of contiguous images were reconstructed with 1-, 2-, and 5-ram slice thickness, respectively. The Iobulation sign of SPNs on the computed tomography （CT） images presented in 1-, 2-, and 5-ram slice thickness was compared. Using the 1-mm sections as the gold standard, an optimal slice thickness in revealing Iobulation sign of SPNs was determined. Results： The 1-mm-thick images CT revealed 98 Iobulations （25 with chord distance 〈 1 ram; 30 with chord distance 1-2 ram; 43 with chord distance 〉 2 mm） of 45 malignant SPNs. 18 Iobulations with chord distance 〈 1 mm presented in 2-mm-thick sections were as same as those in I-ram-thick sections. Statistically significant difference in Iobulations number was found between that revealed in 2-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.023 〈 0.05）. 16 Iobulations with chord distance 〈 1 mm presented in 5-mm-thick sections were as same as that in I-ram-thick sections. There was statistically significant difference in Iobulations number between that revealed in 5-mm-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.004 〈 0.05）. The 24 Iobulations with chord distance 1-2 mm presented in 2-ram-thick sections were as same as that in 1-mm-thick sections. No statistically significant difference in Iobulations number were found between that revealed in 2-mm-thick images and that in 1-mm-thick images （P = 0.261 〉 0.05）. 13 Iobulations with chord distance 1-2 mm presented in 5-ram-thick sections were as same as that in 1- mm-thick sections. There was statistically significant difference in Iobulations number between that revealed in 5-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.003 〈 0.05）. 40 Iobulations with chord distance 〉 2 mm presented in 2-ram-thick sections were as same as that in I-ram-thick sections. No statistically significant difference in Iobulations number was found between that revealed in 2-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.631 〉 0.05）. 36 Iobulations with chord distance 〉 2 mm presented in 5-mm-thick sections were as same as that in I-ram-thick sections. There was no statistically significant difference in Iobulations number between that revealed in 5-ram-thick images and that in I-ram-thick images （P = 0.264 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： It is suggested that the use of 1-mm slice thickness is suitable in revealing Iobulations with chord distance 〈 1 ram. A 2-mm slice thickness is suggested to be used in revealing Iobulafions with chord distance 1-2 mm and 5-mm slice thickness to be used in revealing Iobulations with chord distance 〉 2 mm.
基金This work was supported by The National Science Foundation ofChina(60172037) ,ASFC(03D53032) State Key Laboratory ofRemote Sensing Science Opening Funds of China(SK050013) .
文摘According to the principle of polarization imaging and the relation between Stokes parameters and the degree of linear polarization, there are much redundant and complementary information in polarized images. Since man-made objects and natural objects can be easily distinguished in images of degree of linear polarization and images of Stokes parameters contain rich detailed information of the scene, the clutters in the images can be removed efficiently while the detailed information can be maintained by combining these images. An algorithm of adaptive polarization image fusion based on regional energy dynamic weighted average is proposed in this paper to combine these images. Through an experiment and simulations,most clutters are removed by this algorithm. The fusion method is used for different light conditions in simulation, and the influence of lighting conditions on the fusion results is analyzed.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2009AA04Z133)
文摘Qualitative algebraic equations are the basis of qualitative simulation,which are used to express the dynamic behavior of steady-state continuous processes.When the values and operation of qualitative variables are redefined,qualitative algebraic equations can be transformed into signed direct graphs,which are frequently used to predict the trend of dynamic changes.However,it is difficult to use traditional qualitative algebra methods based on artificial trial and error to solve a complex problem for dynamic trends.An important aspect of modern qualitative algebra is to model and characterize complex systems with the corresponding computer-aided automatic reasoning.In this study,a qualitative affection equation based on multiple conditions is proposed,which enables the signed di-rect graphs to describe complex systems better and improves the fault diagnosis resolution.The application to an industrial case shows that the method performs well.
