基于LabVIEW的继电器品质检测系统设计

继电器在电路中起着自动调节、安全保护、转换电路的作用,在工业自动化、航天科技、机电等领域有着广泛的应用。通过机器视觉的基本原理和相关检测技术,设计了一种基于LabVIEW的继电器品质检测系统。该系统实现了以多台工业相机为硬件基准对继电器圆形部位、角度、间隙等尺寸测量以及某装配外壳字符的同时检测。通过实验研究,在保证准确的检测环境下,系统实时测量的重复精度稳定在±0.03mm之间,单个产品检测时间小于0.2s,满足设计要求。

抗缩放攻击的高水印容量数字水印算法

目的为了增加水印算法的可嵌入水印信息容量,解决抗高强度缩放攻击等问题,提出一种基于圆形角度模板的抗缩放攻击、高水印容量的数字水印算法。方法首先将原始水印信息转换为QR码,根据QR码生成原理提取其数据编码,并进行分组,再将分组的编码转换为角度信息;随机生成具有方向性和周期性的基础圆形模板水印,根据角度信息对其进行旋转,生成待嵌入的圆形角度模板水印;通过修改图像的最小可察觉误差完成水印信息的嵌入;通过检测模板水印中的角度信息,提出水印信息。结果实验结果表明,该算法不仅可有效抵抗高强度的缩放攻击,同时还可以抵抗色彩调整、旋转、压缩、噪声、滤波、模糊等攻击。此外,该算法可实现较高容量的水印信息嵌入和无损提取。结论通过对水印信息预处理和圆形角度模板水印的应用,不仅使得该算法具备高水印容量,而且可有效抵抗高强度缩放攻击,在抵抗色彩调整、旋转等图像处理攻击方面同样具备较强的鲁棒性,能满足实际应用需求。

Circular smooth muscle contributes to esophageal shortening during peristalsis

AIM:To study the angle between the circular smooth muscle(CSM) and longitudinal smooth muscle(LSM) fibers in the distal esophagus.METHODS:In order to identify possible mechanisms for greater shortening in the distal compared to proximal esophagus during peristalsis,the angles between the LSM and CSM layers were measured in 9 cadavers.The outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis propria was exposed after stripping the outer serosa.The inner circular layer of the muscularis propria was then revealed after dissection of the esophageal mucosa and the underlying muscularis mucosa.Photographs of each specimen were taken with half of the open esophagus folded back showing both the outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle layers.Angles were measured every one cm for 10 cm proximal to the squamocolumnar junction(SCJ) by two independent investigators.Two human esophagi were obtained from organ transplant donors and the angles between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers were measured using micro-computed tomography(micro CT) and Image J software.RESULTS:All data are presented as mean ± SE.The CSM to LSM angle at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to SCJ on the autopsy specimens was 69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 74.9 ± 3.09 degrees,P = 0.32.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ were statistically significantly lower than at 2,3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 82.58 ± 1.34 degrees,84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.013,P = 0.008,P = 0.004,P = 0.009 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ was also statistically significantly lower than the angles at 6,7 and 8 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 80.18 ± 2.09 degrees,81.81 ± 1.75 degrees and 80.96 ± 2.04 degrees,P = 0.05,P = 0.02,P = 0.03 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at 1 cm proximal to SCJ was statistically significantly lower than at 3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,74.94 ± 3.09 degrees vs 84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.019,P = 0.008,P = 0.02 respectively.At 10 cm above SCJ the angle was 80.06 ± 2.13 degrees which is close to being perpendicular but less than 90 degrees.The CSM to LSM angles measured on virtual dissection of the esophagus and the stomach on micro CT at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to the SCJ were 48.39 ± 0.72 degrees and 50.81 ± 1.59 degrees.Rather than the angle of the CSM and LSM being perpendicular in the esophagus we found an acute angulation between these two muscle groups throughout the lower 10 cm of the esophagus.CONCLUSION:The oblique angulation of the CSM may contribute to the significantly greater shortening of distal esophagus when compared to the mid and proximal esophagus during peristalsis.

Fluid flow characteristics of single inclined circular jet impingement for ultra-fast cooling

The fluid flow characteristics of the single bunch inclined jet impingement were investigated with different jet flow velocities,nozzle diameters,jet angles and jet-to-target distances for ultra-fast cooling technology.The results show that the peak pressure varying significantly from nearly 0.5 to above 13.4 kPa locates at the stagnation point with different jet diameters,and the radius of impact pressure affected zone is small promoted from 46 to 81 mm in transverse direction,and 50 to 91 mm in longitude direction when the jet flow velocity changes from 5 to 20 m/s.However,the fluid flow velocity is relatively smaller near the stagnation point,and increases gradually along the radius outwards,then declines.There is an obvious anisotropic characteristic that the flow velocity component along the jet direction is about twice of the contrary one where the jet anlge is 60°,jet diameter is 5 mm,jet length is 8 mm and jet height is 50 mm.

Experimental Study and 3D CFD Analysis on the Optimization of Throttle Angle for a Convergent Vortex Tube

Seven adjustments of convergent-type Vortex Tube （VT） with different throttle angles were applied. The adjustments were made to analyze the influences of such angles on cold and hot temperature drops as well as flow structures inside the VTs. An experimental setup was designed, and tests were performed on different convergent VT configurations at injection pressures ranging from 0.45 to 0.65 MPa. The angles of the throttle valve were arranged between 30° to 90°, and the numbers of injection nozzles ranged between 2 and 6. Laboratory results indicated that the maximum hot and cold temperature drops ranged from 23.24 to 35 K and from 22.87 to 32.88 K, respectively, at four injection nozzles. Results also showed that temperature drop is a function of hot throttle valve angle with the maximum hot and cold temperature drops depending on the angle applied. We used graphs to demonstrate the changes in the cold and hot temperature drops with respect to hot throttle angle values. These values were interpreted and evaluated to determine the optimum angle, which was 60°. The CFD outputs agreed very well with the laboratory results. The proposed CFD results can help future researchers gain good insights into the complicated separation process taking place inside the VTs.