波浪作用下双排圆筒结构受力特性

依托阿尔及利亚矿石码头项目,提出一种新型的双排圆筒结构,采用Abaqus有限元分析软件对其波峰作用下的结构拟静力非线性响应进行数值分析。对于两排圆筒间采用简支板连接及采用混凝土厚板连接的两种方案,后者更可以保持变形的协调性,基顶应力的最大值也更小,且连接板的强度要求不难满足,但其造价较高。简支板方案中,对于连接板缝里填充柔性材料与不填充柔性材料两种情况,前者的填料土压呈现上大下小的线性分布,后者则相反,且连接板传递的荷载会占较大的比例,基顶应力也更大。

Comparative study of different theories on active earth pressure

Determination of distribution and magnitude of active earth pressure is crucial in retaining wall designs. A number of analytical theories on active earth pressure were presented. Yet, there are limited studies on comparison between the theories. In this work, comparison between the theories with finite element analysis is done using the PLAXIS software. The comparative results show that in terms of distribution and magnitude of active earth pressure, RANKINE＇s theory possesses the highest match to the PLAXIS analysis. Parametric studies were also done to study the responses of active earth pressure distribution to varying parameters Increasing soil friction angle and wall friction causes decrease in active earth pressure. In contrast, active earth pressure increases with increasing soil unit weight and height of wall. RANK/NE＇s theory has the highest compatibility to finite element analysis among all theories, and utilization of this theory leads to proficient retaining wall design.

Analytical solution for slope instability assessment considering impact of confined aquifer

An analytical approach was presented for estimating the factor of safety(FS) for slope failure, with consideration of the impact of a confined aquifer. An upward-moving wetting front from the confined water was assumed and the pore water pressure distribution was then estimated and used to obtain the analytical expression of FS. Then, the validation of the theoretical analysis was applied based on an actual case in Hong Kong. It is shown that the presence of a confined aquifer leads to a lower FS value, and the impact rate of hydrostatic pressure on FS increases as the confined water pressure increases, approaching to a maximum value determined by the ratio of water density to saturated soil density. It is also presented that the contribution of hydrostatic pressure and hydrodynamic pressure to the slope stability vary with the confined aquifer pressure.

Redistribution and magnitude of stresses around horse shoe and circular excavations opened in anisotropic rock

In this paper numerical analysis of underground structures, taking account the transverse isotropy system of rocks, was done using CAST 3M code by varying the shape of excavation and the coefficient of earth pressure k. Numerical results reveal that the anisotropy behavior, the shape of hole and the coefficient of earth pressure k have significant influence to the mining induced stress field and rock deformations which directly control the stability of underground excavation design. The magnitude of horizontal stress obtained for the horse shoe shape excavation(25.2 MPa for k = 1; 52.7 MPa for k = 2)is lower than the magnitude obtained for circular hole(26.4 MPa for k = 1; 59.5 MPa for k = 2).Therefore, we have concluded that the horse shoe shape offers the best stability and the best design for engineer. The anisotropy system presented by rock mass can also influence the redistribution of stresses around hole opened. Numerical results have revealed that the magnitude of redistribution of horizontal stresses obtained for transverse isotropic rock(12.1 MPa for k = 0.5; 25.2 MPa for k = 1 and52.7 MPa for k = 2) is less than those obtained in the case of isotropic rock(27.6 MPa for k = 1;48.6 MPa for k = 2 and 90.81 MPa for k = 2). The more the rock has the anisotropic behavior, the more the mass of rock around the tunnel is stable.

Influence of stress anisotropy on the cylindrical cavity expansion in undrained elastic-perfectly plastic soil

This work presents an analysis of the influence of stress anisotropy on cylindrical cavity expansions in an undrained elastic-perfectly plastic soil. This problem was formulated by assuming a large strain in both the elastic and plastic zones around the cavity and a plain strain condition during the cavity expansion process. The solutions for the limit pressure, stress, and excess pore pressure were obtained by introducing the anisotropic initial stress coefficient K_0 into the conventional cylindrical cavity expansion method.The proposed solutions were then used to interpret the piezocone penetration test, and the suitability of the solutions was verified by comparing the prediction with the piezocone penetration test data. Subsequently, parametric studies were carried out to investigate the influence of stress anisotropy on the stress, excess pores pressure distributions around an expanding cylindrical cavity, and limit pressure. The results show that the proposed cylindrical cavity expansion method under stress anisotropy is suitable and can be used to investigate the piezocone cone test. The present work improves upon the conventional theoretical framework of cavity expansion and can be applied to the determination of the stresses around axially loaded piles and around in-situ testing devices such as penetrometers.

An effective thermal conductivity model for unsaturated compacted bentonites with consideration of bimodal shape of pore size distribution

An effective thermal conductivity model was proposed for unsaturated compacted bentonites with consideration of the bimodal shape of pore size distribution curves. The pores of soils were grouped into two dominant pore size modes corresponding to the intra- and inter-particle pores, and were simulated with randomly distributed spheroidal inclusions of different aspect ratios. With the assumption of preferential invasion of the wetting fluid （water） into pores of smaller sizes and by virtue of the analyt- ical solution to the inhomogeneous inclusion problem in heat conduction, the model was developed using the Mori-Tanaka （MT）, Ponte Castafieda-Willis （PCW） and self-consistent （SC） homogenization approaches for different considerations of the interactions between pores and the solid phase. The proposed model is functions of the thermal conductivities of the solid, liq- uid and gas phases, porosity, the degree of saturation, the aspect ratios of pores and/or soil particles, and the fraction of the smaller group of pores. The proposed model was validated against five sets of laboratory measurement data on the MX-80, FEBEX, KunigeI-V1 and GMZ01 bentonites, showing a good agreement between the model predictions and the laboratory measurements. The responses of the model with respect to the geometries of pores and solid particles were examined. Com- pared to series-parallel structural models, the proposed model may overall exhibit better performance if proper homogenization schemes are adopted, but as an advantage, the model has clearer physical mechanisms and a smaller number of parameters.