探索将厚包气带直压式测量土壤电导率(EC)用于绘制土壤岩性剖面的方法。研究区位于太行山山前平原,由于浅层地下水大幅度下降,该区已经形成了厚包气带。我们利用Geoprobe(r)直压式钻机和温纳排列(W enner Array)电极组测得EC剖面并钻取...探索将厚包气带直压式测量土壤电导率(EC)用于绘制土壤岩性剖面的方法。研究区位于太行山山前平原,由于浅层地下水大幅度下降,该区已经形成了厚包气带。我们利用Geoprobe(r)直压式钻机和温纳排列(W enner Array)电极组测得EC剖面并钻取相应的土样。土样分析结果显示,深层土壤水分含量受岩性控制。由于研究区土壤为非盐渍土,因此土壤岩性是EC变化的主要控制因素,而土壤EC的空间变化也能表达岩性的分布。比较土样颗粒组成和EC值发现,EC值与土壤砂粒含量成负相关,与土壤粘粒含量成正相关。当土壤中砂粒含量由12%增加到100%时,EC由100 mS m-1减少到20 mS m-1;而粘粒含量由3%增加到26%时,EC由30 mS m-1增加到100 mS m-1。研究结果表明,厚包气带直压式测量EC资料可以推断土壤岩性。展开更多
由于浅层地下水位大幅度下降，太行山山前平原半干旱区形成厚达20～30m的不饱和层，就该区厚不饱和层土壤水分状况及其主控因素展开研究，以期为已有土壤水分运动模型及开发新模型提供参数依据。研究在洪冲积扇区及河道区利用Geoprobe M...由于浅层地下水位大幅度下降，太行山山前平原半干旱区形成厚达20～30m的不饱和层，就该区厚不饱和层土壤水分状况及其主控因素展开研究，以期为已有土壤水分运动模型及开发新模型提供参数依据。研究在洪冲积扇区及河道区利用Geoprobe Model 54DT钻机进行深层土壤取样，利用相关分析和回归分析对近20m厚的不饱和层中土壤含水量及岩性的关系进行了分析。洪冲积扇区岩性比较复杂，不同深度土壤含水量变异大，河道区岩性较单一，含水量变异较小，但两种条件下2m以下土壤含水量与岩性具极高的相关性，可以确认厚不饱和层土壤含水量处于田间持水量状态，并且可以通过回归方程根据岩性估算土壤含水量。展开更多
Fractionation of metals in acid sandy loam soil amended withalkaline-stabilised sewage sludge biosolids was conducted in order toassess metal bioavailability and environmental mobility. Soilsolution was extracted by a...Fractionation of metals in acid sandy loam soil amended withalkaline-stabilised sewage sludge biosolids was conducted in order toassess metal bioavailability and environmental mobility. Soilsolution was extracted by a centrifugation and filtration technique.Meal speciation in the soil solution was determined by a cationexchange resin method. Acetic acid and EDTA extracting solutions wereused for extraction of metals in soil solid surfaces. Metaldistribution in different fractions of soil solid phase wasdetermined using a three-step sequential extraction scheme.展开更多
The dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River is one of the typical eco-fragile areas in Southwest China, as well as a focus of revegetation study in the upper and middle reaches of the Changjiang River. Due to its extremely...The dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River is one of the typical eco-fragile areas in Southwest China, as well as a focus of revegetation study in the upper and middle reaches of the Changjiang River. Due to its extremely dry and hot climate, severely degraded vegetation and the intense soil and water loss, there are extreme difficulties in vegetation restoration in this area and no great breakthrough has ever been achieved on studies of revegetation over the last several decades. Through over ten years’ research conducted in the typical areas-the Yuanmou dry-hot valley, the authors found that the lithologic property is one of the crucial factors determining soil moisture conditions and vegetation types in the dry-hot valley, and the rainfall infiltration capability is also one of the key factors affecting the tree growth. Then the revegetation zoning based on different slopes was conducted and revegetation patterns for different zones were proposed.展开更多
From the view of energy state of material, this paper introduces a concept of weathering potential in carrying out quantitative calculation of the relevant products at different stages of rock-weathering and primary s...From the view of energy state of material, this paper introduces a concept of weathering potential in carrying out quantitative calculation of the relevant products at different stages of rock-weathering and primary soil-forming processes, elaborates respectively on weathering degree in the bio-weathering layer of rocks and during the formation of soil material and clay, and evaluats the further tendency of weathering in the above-mentioned stages. The authors have discovered that the scales of weathering potential of the materials increase successively in the three stages, which indicates that the products in the above-mentioned three stages must have undergone stronger and stronger weathering in the primitive forming process of soil in Fildes Peninsula, Antarctic. But, because of relatively weak chemical weathering, it is reasonable that there are much more skeleton grains and little clay in primary soils in this region. Meanwhile, the authors have also verified that the weathering potential of crude rock determines to some extent decrease in the products' weathering potential in the different stages in primary soil-forming, thereby plays an important role in the genesis and development of the primary soil in the studied area.展开更多
92 soil samples were collected from granite, basalt and limestone areas of eastern China and determined for 13 trace element contents. The geographical tendencies of and factors affecting trace element contents in soi...92 soil samples were collected from granite, basalt and limestone areas of eastern China and determined for 13 trace element contents. The geographical tendencies of and factors affecting trace element contents in soils were studied.The sequences of soil trace element contents (especially the transitional elements in the 4th period) were: basalt soils > limestone soils > granite soils.The contents of trace elements in soils of granite areas and basalt areas showed great inheritance of trace element contents from the relevant parent rocks. The contents of trace elements in limestones were very low, but they became very high in limestone soils. Trace element contents of soils derived from limestone and basalt'increased significantly from north to south, these tendencies were similar to the tendency of ferric oxide contents in soils.There were differences of contents of trace elements bound to ferric oxide in different kinds of parent material and in different types of soil. The correlations between the contents of trace elements and the contents of ferric oxide were better in basalt soils than in granite soils.展开更多
文摘探索将厚包气带直压式测量土壤电导率(EC)用于绘制土壤岩性剖面的方法。研究区位于太行山山前平原,由于浅层地下水大幅度下降,该区已经形成了厚包气带。我们利用Geoprobe(r)直压式钻机和温纳排列(W enner Array)电极组测得EC剖面并钻取相应的土样。土样分析结果显示,深层土壤水分含量受岩性控制。由于研究区土壤为非盐渍土,因此土壤岩性是EC变化的主要控制因素,而土壤EC的空间变化也能表达岩性的分布。比较土样颗粒组成和EC值发现,EC值与土壤砂粒含量成负相关,与土壤粘粒含量成正相关。当土壤中砂粒含量由12%增加到100%时,EC由100 mS m-1减少到20 mS m-1;而粘粒含量由3%增加到26%时,EC由30 mS m-1增加到100 mS m-1。研究结果表明,厚包气带直压式测量EC资料可以推断土壤岩性。
文摘由于浅层地下水位大幅度下降，太行山山前平原半干旱区形成厚达20～30m的不饱和层，就该区厚不饱和层土壤水分状况及其主控因素展开研究，以期为已有土壤水分运动模型及开发新模型提供参数依据。研究在洪冲积扇区及河道区利用Geoprobe Model 54DT钻机进行深层土壤取样，利用相关分析和回归分析对近20m厚的不饱和层中土壤含水量及岩性的关系进行了分析。洪冲积扇区岩性比较复杂，不同深度土壤含水量变异大，河道区岩性较单一，含水量变异较小，但两种条件下2m以下土壤含水量与岩性具极高的相关性，可以确认厚不饱和层土壤含水量处于田间持水量状态，并且可以通过回归方程根据岩性估算土壤含水量。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.49831070 and 40125005)theNational Key Basic Research Support Foundation of China (No. G1999011807)the Jiangsu Provincial Foundation for Young Scientists (No. BQ98050).
文摘Fractionation of metals in acid sandy loam soil amended withalkaline-stabilised sewage sludge biosolids was conducted in order toassess metal bioavailability and environmental mobility. Soilsolution was extracted by a centrifugation and filtration technique.Meal speciation in the soil solution was determined by a cationexchange resin method. Acetic acid and EDTA extracting solutions wereused for extraction of metals in soil solid surfaces. Metaldistribution in different fractions of soil solid phase wasdetermined using a three-step sequential extraction scheme.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No .30470297)and theNationalBasicRe-searchProgram ofChina (973 Program)(No .2003CB415201 )
文摘The dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River is one of the typical eco-fragile areas in Southwest China, as well as a focus of revegetation study in the upper and middle reaches of the Changjiang River. Due to its extremely dry and hot climate, severely degraded vegetation and the intense soil and water loss, there are extreme difficulties in vegetation restoration in this area and no great breakthrough has ever been achieved on studies of revegetation over the last several decades. Through over ten years’ research conducted in the typical areas-the Yuanmou dry-hot valley, the authors found that the lithologic property is one of the crucial factors determining soil moisture conditions and vegetation types in the dry-hot valley, and the rainfall infiltration capability is also one of the key factors affecting the tree growth. Then the revegetation zoning based on different slopes was conducted and revegetation patterns for different zones were proposed.
文摘From the view of energy state of material, this paper introduces a concept of weathering potential in carrying out quantitative calculation of the relevant products at different stages of rock-weathering and primary soil-forming processes, elaborates respectively on weathering degree in the bio-weathering layer of rocks and during the formation of soil material and clay, and evaluats the further tendency of weathering in the above-mentioned stages. The authors have discovered that the scales of weathering potential of the materials increase successively in the three stages, which indicates that the products in the above-mentioned three stages must have undergone stronger and stronger weathering in the primitive forming process of soil in Fildes Peninsula, Antarctic. But, because of relatively weak chemical weathering, it is reasonable that there are much more skeleton grains and little clay in primary soils in this region. Meanwhile, the authors have also verified that the weathering potential of crude rock determines to some extent decrease in the products' weathering potential in the different stages in primary soil-forming, thereby plays an important role in the genesis and development of the primary soil in the studied area.
文摘92 soil samples were collected from granite, basalt and limestone areas of eastern China and determined for 13 trace element contents. The geographical tendencies of and factors affecting trace element contents in soils were studied.The sequences of soil trace element contents (especially the transitional elements in the 4th period) were: basalt soils > limestone soils > granite soils.The contents of trace elements in soils of granite areas and basalt areas showed great inheritance of trace element contents from the relevant parent rocks. The contents of trace elements in limestones were very low, but they became very high in limestone soils. Trace element contents of soils derived from limestone and basalt'increased significantly from north to south, these tendencies were similar to the tendency of ferric oxide contents in soils.There were differences of contents of trace elements bound to ferric oxide in different kinds of parent material and in different types of soil. The correlations between the contents of trace elements and the contents of ferric oxide were better in basalt soils than in granite soils.
