森林土壤是CO2、N2O和CH4等温室气体的重要排放源,山核桃是中国特有的高档干果和木本油料树种,林下杂草管理对山核桃林地温室气体排放具有重要影响.采用静态箱-气相色谱法在浙江临安山核桃主产区进行了为期1年的原位试验,研究剔除林下...森林土壤是CO2、N2O和CH4等温室气体的重要排放源,山核桃是中国特有的高档干果和木本油料树种,林下杂草管理对山核桃林地温室气体排放具有重要影响.采用静态箱-气相色谱法在浙江临安山核桃主产区进行了为期1年的原位试验,研究剔除林下杂草对山核桃林地土壤温室气体排放的影响.结果表明:剔除杂草和留养杂草山核桃林地土壤CO2排放通量呈现一致的季节变化规律:夏秋季高、冬春季低;N2O排放在夏季较高,其他季节变化平稳;CH4的排放无明显季节变化规律.剔除杂草显著降低了土壤CO2排放,促进了N2O排放和CH4吸收.剔除杂草对土壤水溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳没有显著影响.剔除杂草的山核桃林地土壤排放温室气体的综合增温潜势为15.12 t CO2-e·hm-2·a-1,显著低于留养杂草处理(17.04 t CO2-e·hm-2·a-1).展开更多
以华北平原玉米‖大豆为研究对象,研究间作对农田土壤CO2、CH4和N2O排放的影响,在此基础上对系统净温室气体平衡（Net greenhouse gas balance,△GWP）进行评价。结果表明,整个生育期玉米单作处理（M）的CO2累积排放最高（12.6t/hm^2）...以华北平原玉米‖大豆为研究对象,研究间作对农田土壤CO2、CH4和N2O排放的影响,在此基础上对系统净温室气体平衡（Net greenhouse gas balance,△GWP）进行评价。结果表明,整个生育期玉米单作处理（M）的CO2累积排放最高（12.6t/hm^2）,玉米大豆间作处理比M处理减少4.0%-8.9%。M处理的土壤N2O排放最高（16.0kg/hm^2）,显著高于间作处理,间作处理比M减少32.2%-36.6%（P〈0.05）。间作和单作处理间土壤CH4排放没有显著差异（P〉0.05）。土壤CO2排放动态主要与土壤温度显著相关,而土壤N2O排放则主要与土壤水分含量显著相关（P〈0.05）。不同系统的△GWP不同,M系统的△GWP为8 681kg/hm^2,高于等行距间作系统（6635kg/hm^2）,而低于宽窄行间作系统（9 753kg/hm^2）。结果显示,合理的玉米‖大豆间作模式能够减少农田温室气体排放。展开更多
This study was carried out in paddy fields to explore how organic manure applications would affect greenhouse emissions in South China. The results showed that the seasonal emission of CH4 under the chemical fertiliz...This study was carried out in paddy fields to explore how organic manure applications would affect greenhouse emissions in South China. The results showed that the seasonal emission of CH4 under the chemical fertilizer （CF） treatment was 271.47 kg/hm^2. In comparison, the seasonal emissions of CH4 under the treatment of pig manure （PM）, chicken manure （CM） and rice straw （RS） increased by 50.61,260.22 and 602.82 kg/hm^2, respectively. N2O emission under the CF treatment was 1.22 kg/hm^2, while the N20 seasonal emissions under tile PM, CM and RS treatment decreased by 23.6% （P〈0.05）, 31.7% （P〈0.05） and 30.9% （P〈0.05）, respectively. Meanwhile, the readily oxidized organic carbon （which was oxidized by 167 mmol/L potassium permanganate, ROC167） of manure, paddy soil Eh value and temperature could also affect the CH4 emissions. The average yield of the organic fertilizer treatments increased by 6.8% compared with that of the CF treatment. Among all the organic fertilizer treatments, the PM treatment offered the lowest global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity, in which the PM was of no significant difference from NF （no fertilizing） and CF. Therefore, the pig manure is capable of coordinating the relationship between environment and yield, and it also has a low ROC167 content, so the PM is considered worthy of recommendation.展开更多
文摘森林土壤是CO2、N2O和CH4等温室气体的重要排放源,山核桃是中国特有的高档干果和木本油料树种,林下杂草管理对山核桃林地温室气体排放具有重要影响.采用静态箱-气相色谱法在浙江临安山核桃主产区进行了为期1年的原位试验,研究剔除林下杂草对山核桃林地土壤温室气体排放的影响.结果表明:剔除杂草和留养杂草山核桃林地土壤CO2排放通量呈现一致的季节变化规律:夏秋季高、冬春季低;N2O排放在夏季较高,其他季节变化平稳;CH4的排放无明显季节变化规律.剔除杂草显著降低了土壤CO2排放,促进了N2O排放和CH4吸收.剔除杂草对土壤水溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳没有显著影响.剔除杂草的山核桃林地土壤排放温室气体的综合增温潜势为15.12 t CO2-e·hm-2·a-1,显著低于留养杂草处理(17.04 t CO2-e·hm-2·a-1).
文摘This study was carried out in paddy fields to explore how organic manure applications would affect greenhouse emissions in South China. The results showed that the seasonal emission of CH4 under the chemical fertilizer （CF） treatment was 271.47 kg/hm^2. In comparison, the seasonal emissions of CH4 under the treatment of pig manure （PM）, chicken manure （CM） and rice straw （RS） increased by 50.61,260.22 and 602.82 kg/hm^2, respectively. N2O emission under the CF treatment was 1.22 kg/hm^2, while the N20 seasonal emissions under tile PM, CM and RS treatment decreased by 23.6% （P〈0.05）, 31.7% （P〈0.05） and 30.9% （P〈0.05）, respectively. Meanwhile, the readily oxidized organic carbon （which was oxidized by 167 mmol/L potassium permanganate, ROC167） of manure, paddy soil Eh value and temperature could also affect the CH4 emissions. The average yield of the organic fertilizer treatments increased by 6.8% compared with that of the CF treatment. Among all the organic fertilizer treatments, the PM treatment offered the lowest global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity, in which the PM was of no significant difference from NF （no fertilizing） and CF. Therefore, the pig manure is capable of coordinating the relationship between environment and yield, and it also has a low ROC167 content, so the PM is considered worthy of recommendation.
