抑病型土壤是植物-土壤-微生物三者相互作用最终形成的可抑制作物土传病害发生的一种特殊状态的土壤,是分离、筛选可防治作物土传病害发生的高效生物防治菌株以及揭示土壤微生物抑制土传病害发生作用机理的最佳研究材料。因此,有关抑病...抑病型土壤是植物-土壤-微生物三者相互作用最终形成的可抑制作物土传病害发生的一种特殊状态的土壤,是分离、筛选可防治作物土传病害发生的高效生物防治菌株以及揭示土壤微生物抑制土传病害发生作用机理的最佳研究材料。因此,有关抑病型土壤的研究经久不衰。本研究利用知识图谱分析、引文图谱分析及可视化分析等软件对Web of Science核心合集数据库中抑病型土壤相关研究领域的论文发表数量、期刊、所属学科、作者、作者所在国家和机构、主要研究内容、发展方向等进行文献计量分析。结果表明,近年来,抑病型土壤的相关研究越来越受关注,土壤学科在此领域的发文数量仅次于植物学科。中国、美国、荷兰、德国在抑病型土壤研究方面发表论文数量较多,并且国家之间合作密切。美国农业部农业研究局、瓦格宁根大学、法国科学研究中心、南京农业大学、中国科学院等是论文发表数量较多的研究机构。在抑病型土壤领域研究论文的发表期刊中,《Phytopathology》是本地引用次数最多的,《Soil Biology and Biochemistry》是5年(2016-2020年)影响因子最高的。抑病型土壤领域发表论文较多的学者有Weller D M、沈其荣和Thomashow L S等。生物防治仍是抑病型土壤研究领域一个重要方向。抑病型土壤领域的未来研究趋势可能将集中于根际微生物组的特征解析、调控技术、机制等方面。综上所述,抑病型土壤领域过去的研究多聚焦于解析土壤微生物群落组成特征,分离、筛选关键抑病微生物,以及阐明关键抑病微生物的生防作用机制。根-土-微生物之间的互作机制、多营养级微食物网相互作用关系与调控策略、抑病型土壤功能维持等可能是抑病型土壤领域未来的研究焦点。展开更多
A species-specific PCR assay was established for rapid and accurate detection of the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora tentaculata in diseased plant tissues and infected soil.A pair of species-specific primers Pt1/Pt2 we...A species-specific PCR assay was established for rapid and accurate detection of the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora tentaculata in diseased plant tissues and infected soil.A pair of species-specific primers Pt1/Pt2 were designed on the basis of Ras-related protein(Ypt1) gene sequences of the Phytophthora species.PCR amplification with the Pt primers resulted in a 386 bp product only from isolates of P.tentaculata.The detection threshold with Pt primers was 100 pg of genomic DNA.A nested PCR procedure was developed using Ypt1F/Ypt1R as the first-round amplification primers and Pt1/Pt2 as the second-round primers,which increased the detection sensitivity 100-fold to 1 pg.PCR using these Pt primers can also be used to detect P.tentaculata in naturally infected plant tissues and soil.The PCR-based method developed in this study provides a rapid and sensitive tool for detection of P.tentaculata.展开更多
Sod culture in peach orchards is an advanced soil management. The significances of sod culture in peach orchard are introduced, as well as the sod ways. The effects of sod culture in a peach orchard on soil, microclim...Sod culture in peach orchards is an advanced soil management. The significances of sod culture in peach orchard are introduced, as well as the sod ways. The effects of sod culture in a peach orchard on soil, microclimate and growth and development of peach tree, and disease, pest and weed are reviewed. The problems in sod culture in peach orchard in China are summarized. Sod culture could increase soil fertility, improve soil physical properties, relieve soil temperature change, increase soil microbial growth and soil enzyme activity, improve microclimate and fruit quality, reduce physiological disease, insect pests and weeds.展开更多
文摘抑病型土壤是植物-土壤-微生物三者相互作用最终形成的可抑制作物土传病害发生的一种特殊状态的土壤,是分离、筛选可防治作物土传病害发生的高效生物防治菌株以及揭示土壤微生物抑制土传病害发生作用机理的最佳研究材料。因此,有关抑病型土壤的研究经久不衰。本研究利用知识图谱分析、引文图谱分析及可视化分析等软件对Web of Science核心合集数据库中抑病型土壤相关研究领域的论文发表数量、期刊、所属学科、作者、作者所在国家和机构、主要研究内容、发展方向等进行文献计量分析。结果表明,近年来,抑病型土壤的相关研究越来越受关注,土壤学科在此领域的发文数量仅次于植物学科。中国、美国、荷兰、德国在抑病型土壤研究方面发表论文数量较多,并且国家之间合作密切。美国农业部农业研究局、瓦格宁根大学、法国科学研究中心、南京农业大学、中国科学院等是论文发表数量较多的研究机构。在抑病型土壤领域研究论文的发表期刊中,《Phytopathology》是本地引用次数最多的,《Soil Biology and Biochemistry》是5年(2016-2020年)影响因子最高的。抑病型土壤领域发表论文较多的学者有Weller D M、沈其荣和Thomashow L S等。生物防治仍是抑病型土壤研究领域一个重要方向。抑病型土壤领域的未来研究趋势可能将集中于根际微生物组的特征解析、调控技术、机制等方面。综上所述,抑病型土壤领域过去的研究多聚焦于解析土壤微生物群落组成特征,分离、筛选关键抑病微生物,以及阐明关键抑病微生物的生防作用机制。根-土-微生物之间的互作机制、多营养级微食物网相互作用关系与调控策略、抑病型土壤功能维持等可能是抑病型土壤领域未来的研究焦点。
基金The Key Project for Breeding Genetically Modified Organisms(Grant No.2011ZX08012-005)
文摘A species-specific PCR assay was established for rapid and accurate detection of the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora tentaculata in diseased plant tissues and infected soil.A pair of species-specific primers Pt1/Pt2 were designed on the basis of Ras-related protein(Ypt1) gene sequences of the Phytophthora species.PCR amplification with the Pt primers resulted in a 386 bp product only from isolates of P.tentaculata.The detection threshold with Pt primers was 100 pg of genomic DNA.A nested PCR procedure was developed using Ypt1F/Ypt1R as the first-round amplification primers and Pt1/Pt2 as the second-round primers,which increased the detection sensitivity 100-fold to 1 pg.PCR using these Pt primers can also be used to detect P.tentaculata in naturally infected plant tissues and soil.The PCR-based method developed in this study provides a rapid and sensitive tool for detection of P.tentaculata.
文摘Sod culture in peach orchards is an advanced soil management. The significances of sod culture in peach orchard are introduced, as well as the sod ways. The effects of sod culture in a peach orchard on soil, microclimate and growth and development of peach tree, and disease, pest and weed are reviewed. The problems in sod culture in peach orchard in China are summarized. Sod culture could increase soil fertility, improve soil physical properties, relieve soil temperature change, increase soil microbial growth and soil enzyme activity, improve microclimate and fruit quality, reduce physiological disease, insect pests and weeds.
