探究施钙对不同花生荚果发育时期光合碳在植株-土壤系统分配的影响,有利于改善钙肥管理,提升花生产量和土壤有机碳含量。本研究选用普通大花生品种‘花育22’,设置CaO 0、75、150和300 kg hm^(-2)4个施钙梯度,分别记为T0、T1、T2、T3,...探究施钙对不同花生荚果发育时期光合碳在植株-土壤系统分配的影响,有利于改善钙肥管理,提升花生产量和土壤有机碳含量。本研究选用普通大花生品种‘花育22’,设置CaO 0、75、150和300 kg hm^(-2)4个施钙梯度,分别记为T0、T1、T2、T3,于盆栽条件下研究施钙量对花生产量和不同荚果发育时期光合碳在花生植株-土壤系统中分配的影响。结果表明,不同施钙量对花生植株总干物质积累无明显影响。适宜施钙量可显著降低花生千克果数和千克仁数,提升花生出仁率、饱果率和荚果产量,在2018年和2019年,T2处理荚果产量较T0可分别提升17.5%和25.1%。基于施钙量与花生荚果和籽仁产量的拟合分析发现,当钙肥施用量为165 kg hm^(-2)和173 kg hm^(-2)时,可分别获得最高的花生荚果和籽仁产量。适宜施钙量可明显提升鸡咀幼果期和荚果膨大期花生植株光合^(13)C的积累量,提升各荚果发育时期^(13)C在花生籽仁中的分配比例,其中,在荚果定型期和籽仁充实期,T2和T3处理下^(13)C在花生籽仁中的分配比例分别可达33.4%~37.2%和38.7%~40.0%。适宜施钙量还可提高花生植株光合^(13)C在土壤中的分配比例,最高可达52.6%(T2),但随着花生荚果发育进程的推进,此分配比例逐渐降低。综上,适宜施钙量可调控不同花生荚果发育时期光合^(13)C在植株-土壤系统的分配,显著提升花生产量和光合^(13)C在花生籽仁和土壤中的分配比例;本研究条件下,推荐适宜施钙量(CaO)为173 kg hm^(-2)。展开更多
The effects of reforestation on carbon (C) sequestration in China's Loess Plateau ecosystem have attracted much research attention in recent years. Black locust trees (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) are valued for thei...The effects of reforestation on carbon (C) sequestration in China's Loess Plateau ecosystem have attracted much research attention in recent years. Black locust trees (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) are valued for their important use in reforestation and water and soil conservation efforts. This forest type is widespread across the Loess Plateau, and must he an essential component of any planning for C sequestration efforts in this fragile ecological region. The long-term effects of stand age on C accumulation and allocation after reforestation remains uncertain. We examined an age-sequence of black locust forest (5, 9, 20, 30, 38, and 56 yr since planting) on the Loess Plateau to evaluate C accumulation and allocation in plants (trees, shrubs, herbages, and leaf litter) and soil (0-100 cm). Allometric equations were developed for estimating the biomass of tree components (leaf, branch, stem without bark, bark and root) with a de- structive sampling method. Our results demonstrated that black locust forest ecosystem accumulated C constantly, from 31.42 Mg C/ha (1 Mg = 106 g) at 5 yr to 79.44 Mg C/haat 38 yr. At the 'old forest' stage (38 to 56 yr), the amount of C in plant biomass significantly decreased (from 45.32 to 34.52 Mg C/ha) due to the high mortality of trees. However, old forest was able to accumulate C continuously in soil (from 33.66 to 41.00 Mg C/ha). The C in shrub biomass increased with stand age, while the C stock in the herbage layer and leaf litter was age-independent. Reforestation resulted in C re-allocation in the forest soil. The topsoil (0-20 cm) C stock increased constantly with stand age. However, C storage in sub-top soil, in the 20-30, 30-50, 50-100, and 20-100 cm layers, was age-independent. These results suggest that succession, as a temporal factor, plays a key role in C accumulation and re-allocation in black locust forests and also in regional C dynamics in vegetation.展开更多
Estimating carbon sequestration and nutrient accumulation rates in Northeast China are important to assess wetlands function as carbon sink buffering greenhouse gas increasing in North Asia. The objectives of this stu...Estimating carbon sequestration and nutrient accumulation rates in Northeast China are important to assess wetlands function as carbon sink buffering greenhouse gas increasing in North Asia. The objectives of this study were to estimate accreting rates of carbon and nutrients in typical temperate wetlands. Results indicated that average soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) contents were 37.81%, 1.59% and 0.08% in peatlands, 5.33%, 0.25% and 0.05% in marshes, 2.92%, 0.27% and 0.10% in marshy meadows, respectively. Chronologies reconstructed by 210 Pb in the present work were acceptable and reliable, and the average time to yield 0–40 cm depth sediment cores was 150 years. Average carbon sequestration rate(Carbonsq), nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation rates were 219.4 g C/(m^2·yr), 9.16 g N/(m^2·yr) and 0.46 g P/(m^2·yr) for peatland; 57.13 g C/(m^2·yr), 5.42 g N/(m^2·yr) and 2.16 g P/(m^2·yr) for marshy meadow; 78.35 g C/(m^2·yr), 8.70 g N/(m^2·yr) and 0.71 g P/(m2·yr) for marshy; respectively. Positive relations existed between Carbonsq with nitrogen and precipitations, indicating that Carbonsq might be strengthened in future climate scenarios.展开更多
文摘探究施钙对不同花生荚果发育时期光合碳在植株-土壤系统分配的影响,有利于改善钙肥管理,提升花生产量和土壤有机碳含量。本研究选用普通大花生品种‘花育22’,设置CaO 0、75、150和300 kg hm^(-2)4个施钙梯度,分别记为T0、T1、T2、T3,于盆栽条件下研究施钙量对花生产量和不同荚果发育时期光合碳在花生植株-土壤系统中分配的影响。结果表明,不同施钙量对花生植株总干物质积累无明显影响。适宜施钙量可显著降低花生千克果数和千克仁数,提升花生出仁率、饱果率和荚果产量,在2018年和2019年,T2处理荚果产量较T0可分别提升17.5%和25.1%。基于施钙量与花生荚果和籽仁产量的拟合分析发现,当钙肥施用量为165 kg hm^(-2)和173 kg hm^(-2)时,可分别获得最高的花生荚果和籽仁产量。适宜施钙量可明显提升鸡咀幼果期和荚果膨大期花生植株光合^(13)C的积累量,提升各荚果发育时期^(13)C在花生籽仁中的分配比例,其中,在荚果定型期和籽仁充实期,T2和T3处理下^(13)C在花生籽仁中的分配比例分别可达33.4%~37.2%和38.7%~40.0%。适宜施钙量还可提高花生植株光合^(13)C在土壤中的分配比例,最高可达52.6%(T2),但随着花生荚果发育进程的推进,此分配比例逐渐降低。综上,适宜施钙量可调控不同花生荚果发育时期光合^(13)C在植株-土壤系统的分配,显著提升花生产量和光合^(13)C在花生籽仁和土壤中的分配比例;本研究条件下,推荐适宜施钙量(CaO)为173 kg hm^(-2)。
基金Under the auspices of Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA05060300)
文摘The effects of reforestation on carbon (C) sequestration in China's Loess Plateau ecosystem have attracted much research attention in recent years. Black locust trees (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) are valued for their important use in reforestation and water and soil conservation efforts. This forest type is widespread across the Loess Plateau, and must he an essential component of any planning for C sequestration efforts in this fragile ecological region. The long-term effects of stand age on C accumulation and allocation after reforestation remains uncertain. We examined an age-sequence of black locust forest (5, 9, 20, 30, 38, and 56 yr since planting) on the Loess Plateau to evaluate C accumulation and allocation in plants (trees, shrubs, herbages, and leaf litter) and soil (0-100 cm). Allometric equations were developed for estimating the biomass of tree components (leaf, branch, stem without bark, bark and root) with a de- structive sampling method. Our results demonstrated that black locust forest ecosystem accumulated C constantly, from 31.42 Mg C/ha (1 Mg = 106 g) at 5 yr to 79.44 Mg C/haat 38 yr. At the 'old forest' stage (38 to 56 yr), the amount of C in plant biomass significantly decreased (from 45.32 to 34.52 Mg C/ha) due to the high mortality of trees. However, old forest was able to accumulate C continuously in soil (from 33.66 to 41.00 Mg C/ha). The C in shrub biomass increased with stand age, while the C stock in the herbage layer and leaf litter was age-independent. Reforestation resulted in C re-allocation in the forest soil. The topsoil (0-20 cm) C stock increased constantly with stand age. However, C storage in sub-top soil, in the 20-30, 30-50, 50-100, and 20-100 cm layers, was age-independent. These results suggest that succession, as a temporal factor, plays a key role in C accumulation and re-allocation in black locust forests and also in regional C dynamics in vegetation.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471081)Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Northeast Normal University(No.12SSXT149)
文摘Estimating carbon sequestration and nutrient accumulation rates in Northeast China are important to assess wetlands function as carbon sink buffering greenhouse gas increasing in North Asia. The objectives of this study were to estimate accreting rates of carbon and nutrients in typical temperate wetlands. Results indicated that average soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) contents were 37.81%, 1.59% and 0.08% in peatlands, 5.33%, 0.25% and 0.05% in marshes, 2.92%, 0.27% and 0.10% in marshy meadows, respectively. Chronologies reconstructed by 210 Pb in the present work were acceptable and reliable, and the average time to yield 0–40 cm depth sediment cores was 150 years. Average carbon sequestration rate(Carbonsq), nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation rates were 219.4 g C/(m^2·yr), 9.16 g N/(m^2·yr) and 0.46 g P/(m^2·yr) for peatland; 57.13 g C/(m^2·yr), 5.42 g N/(m^2·yr) and 2.16 g P/(m^2·yr) for marshy meadow; 78.35 g C/(m^2·yr), 8.70 g N/(m^2·yr) and 0.71 g P/(m2·yr) for marshy; respectively. Positive relations existed between Carbonsq with nitrogen and precipitations, indicating that Carbonsq might be strengthened in future climate scenarios.