探讨深基坑支护与土方开挖施工技术

随着我国城市化建设的加快,高层建筑逐渐成为城市建筑的主流,合理应用深基坑支护技术,能够有效保证工程的施工质量和施工安全,满足社会发展的需求,应该得到足够的重视。因此,必须充分重视深基坑支护施工技术在建筑工程中的应用,在施工过程中应该结合深基坑支护施工技术特点严把施工各环节的质量关,充分加强对工程施工质量的控制,不断优化深基坑施工技术。

市政工程深基坑施工工艺及质量控制

随着社会经济的不断发展,城市化建设进程逐渐加快,市政工程建设规模也相对增加,工程基坑深度也逐渐加大。在这种情况下,深基坑的施工质量就决定了市政工程的质量。深基坑施工工艺和普通基坑相比,对施工质量有着更高的要求,若质量控制措施未做好,围护结构失稳、地下水控制措施不当,易出现土方塌方等事故。对此,本文主要阐述市政工程深基坑概念与特征,分析其施工工艺,并提出相关质量控制措施。

Land use optimization for sustainable development of mountain regions of western Serbia

This study analyses the possibilities for optimal land use structure in mountainous areas of rural Serbia, which is faced with problems such as unfavorable terrain characteristics and inadequate land use patterns causing economic underdevelopment and increasing population migration. In the case of a small privately owned farm in Western Serbia, optimal land use pattern is determined using the linear programming model. The objective function-cost-effectiveness or soil erosion reduction, as well as constraints, are formulated using the benefit-cost ratio(BCR) for a 15-year production period and soil losses data calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE). The best results are achieved using the scenario with the aim to minimize soil erosion, considering the BCR in the constraints. This scenario is proposed since it was registered that the benefit for landowners would increase by five times, while the losses of land would decline about 80%. The sensitivity analysis of investments is performed to check whether the price variation affects the cost-effectiveness of proposed land use. Results show that market changes(nine cases are considered) do not lead to significant changes in land use allocation. Proposed land use pattern improves the environmental condition, strengthens the rural economy and thus offers the greatest potential for sustainable development of mountainous rural areas.

探究城市竖向设计

结合区域现状地形地貌地物,通过阐述竖向设计的原则、作用、方法、深度、注意事项等内容,统一分析了区域内道路、排水、不同场地等的适用坡度,以利于建(构)筑物的布置与空间环境的设计,从总体上控制区域的竖向高程,使区域的建设整体效果更加优美。

市政工程深基坑施工工艺及质控措施

近些年来,我国城市建设发展逐渐向着深、广方向发展,城市人口数量持续增长,一些污水、雨水等排放量也呈现出持续增长的趋势,市政工程在建设过程中,一些污水、雨水排放管道的管径和埋设深度也逐渐增加,城市地铁的大规模兴建,伴随着明挖施工的开展,各种基坑也越来越深、越来越大,因此控制基坑变形,保证基坑安全稳定是设计和施工的控制重点,直接关系到整体建筑的安全。 在市政工程中,深基坑施工工艺决定了整体施工质量,明确施工工艺,加强质量控制,才能保证整个工程的安全和稳定。