AIM： To determine whether listening to music decreases the requirement for dosages of sedative drugs, patients＇ anxiety, pain and dissatisfaction feelings during colonoscopy and makes the procedure more comfortable ...AIM： To determine whether listening to music decreases the requirement for dosages of sedative drugs, patients＇ anxiety, pain and dissatisfaction feelings during colonoscopy and makes the procedure more comfortable and acceptable. METHODS： Patients undergoing elective colonoscopy between October 2005 and February 2006 were randomized into either listening to music （Group 1, n = 30） or not listening to music （Group 2, n = 30）. Anxiolytic and analgesic drugs （intravenous midazolam and meperidine） were given according to the patients＇ demand. Administered medications were monitored. We determined their levels of anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Test form. Patients＇ satisfaction, pain, and willingness to undergo a repeated procedure were self-assessed using a visual analog scale. RESULTS： The mean dose of sedative and analgesic drugs used in group 1 （midazolam： 2.1 ± 1.4, meperidine： 18.1 ± 11.7） was smaller than group 2 （midazolam： 2.4 ± 1.0, meperidine： 20.6 ± 11.5）, but without a significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. The mean anxiety level in group 1 was lower than group 2 （36.7 ± 2.2 vs 251.0 ± 1.9, P 〈 0.001）. The mean satisfaction score was higher in group 1 compared to group 2 （87.8 ± 3.1 vs 58.1 ± 3.4, P 〈 0.001）. The mean pain score in group i was lower than group 2 （74.1 ± 4.7 vs 39.0 ± 3.9, P 〈 0.001）. CONCLUSION： Listening to music during colonoscopy helps reduce the dose of sedative medications, as well as patients＇ anxiety, pain, dissatisfaction during the procedure. Therefore, we believe that listening to music can play an adjunctive role to sedation in colonoscopy. It is a simple, inexpensive way to improve patients＇ comfort during the procedure.展开更多
Mete Sakpmar, who was born in Ankara, May 5, 1954, is a contemporary Turkish composer. His compositions were played in various countries like Turkey, France （1980-1983）, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Norway, Hungary, A...Mete Sakpmar, who was born in Ankara, May 5, 1954, is a contemporary Turkish composer. His compositions were played in various countries like Turkey, France （1980-1983）, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Norway, Hungary, Albania, Belgium, Holland, and German, and he also joined lots of seminars, radio, and television programs. His inspirational sources are traditional Turkish music, modern French music, American cultural traditions, as well as jazz, acoustic, and electronic music. His music, in summary, is about taking a little from tonality, twelve-note system, coincidences, improvisations, etc., and joining them with his own experiences like emotions, knowledge, and intelligence. Sakpmar always defends that the composer of the day has to benefit from lots of various sources. He is doing this as well as trying new forms in every new piece. It does not matter if these are tonal, atonal, serial, or modal but it must be personal. All the borders and capacities of the instruments have to be forced.展开更多
Language, literature, customs and traditions, music and art are cultural items that were transmitted from generation to generation throughout history. In this context, literature is an important source of music cultur...Language, literature, customs and traditions, music and art are cultural items that were transmitted from generation to generation throughout history. In this context, literature is an important source of music culture that takes inspiration from the customs and traditions of a society. Prosodic meter is echoed in form, usul and general structure in works composed from the divan literature and almost lives in the work. In the same way, when examples of folk literature composed by composers and performed by poets and a^lks are examined, it is observed that there are parallels between literary features and form, structure and rhythmic features. The aim of this paper is to reveal the integral link between Melody-Usul and Meter in Ottoman Turkish Music展开更多
文摘AIM： To determine whether listening to music decreases the requirement for dosages of sedative drugs, patients＇ anxiety, pain and dissatisfaction feelings during colonoscopy and makes the procedure more comfortable and acceptable. METHODS： Patients undergoing elective colonoscopy between October 2005 and February 2006 were randomized into either listening to music （Group 1, n = 30） or not listening to music （Group 2, n = 30）. Anxiolytic and analgesic drugs （intravenous midazolam and meperidine） were given according to the patients＇ demand. Administered medications were monitored. We determined their levels of anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Test form. Patients＇ satisfaction, pain, and willingness to undergo a repeated procedure were self-assessed using a visual analog scale. RESULTS： The mean dose of sedative and analgesic drugs used in group 1 （midazolam： 2.1 ± 1.4, meperidine： 18.1 ± 11.7） was smaller than group 2 （midazolam： 2.4 ± 1.0, meperidine： 20.6 ± 11.5）, but without a significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. The mean anxiety level in group 1 was lower than group 2 （36.7 ± 2.2 vs 251.0 ± 1.9, P 〈 0.001）. The mean satisfaction score was higher in group 1 compared to group 2 （87.8 ± 3.1 vs 58.1 ± 3.4, P 〈 0.001）. The mean pain score in group i was lower than group 2 （74.1 ± 4.7 vs 39.0 ± 3.9, P 〈 0.001）. CONCLUSION： Listening to music during colonoscopy helps reduce the dose of sedative medications, as well as patients＇ anxiety, pain, dissatisfaction during the procedure. Therefore, we believe that listening to music can play an adjunctive role to sedation in colonoscopy. It is a simple, inexpensive way to improve patients＇ comfort during the procedure.
文摘Mete Sakpmar, who was born in Ankara, May 5, 1954, is a contemporary Turkish composer. His compositions were played in various countries like Turkey, France （1980-1983）, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Norway, Hungary, Albania, Belgium, Holland, and German, and he also joined lots of seminars, radio, and television programs. His inspirational sources are traditional Turkish music, modern French music, American cultural traditions, as well as jazz, acoustic, and electronic music. His music, in summary, is about taking a little from tonality, twelve-note system, coincidences, improvisations, etc., and joining them with his own experiences like emotions, knowledge, and intelligence. Sakpmar always defends that the composer of the day has to benefit from lots of various sources. He is doing this as well as trying new forms in every new piece. It does not matter if these are tonal, atonal, serial, or modal but it must be personal. All the borders and capacities of the instruments have to be forced.
文摘Language, literature, customs and traditions, music and art are cultural items that were transmitted from generation to generation throughout history. In this context, literature is an important source of music culture that takes inspiration from the customs and traditions of a society. Prosodic meter is echoed in form, usul and general structure in works composed from the divan literature and almost lives in the work. In the same way, when examples of folk literature composed by composers and performed by poets and a^lks are examined, it is observed that there are parallels between literary features and form, structure and rhythmic features. The aim of this paper is to reveal the integral link between Melody-Usul and Meter in Ottoman Turkish Music
