加拿大的圣劳伦斯湾(GULF OF ST.LAWRENCE)及胡安德福卡海峡(JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT)是进入加拿大东西两岸主要港口的必经之地,更是加拿大谷物等散货出口的重要水道,为保证通航安全,主管当局制订了完善的无线电报告制度,实践证明该制度的...加拿大的圣劳伦斯湾(GULF OF ST.LAWRENCE)及胡安德福卡海峡(JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT)是进入加拿大东西两岸主要港口的必经之地,更是加拿大谷物等散货出口的重要水道,为保证通航安全,主管当局制订了完善的无线电报告制度,实践证明该制度的建立为该水域的安全起到了重要作用,如果违反报告规定将被拒绝通行直至受到处罚.根据有关资料和船长的实践操作,本文对两个水域的报告制度做一介绍,供参考.但提醒注意报告制度有一定的时效性,当局会根据需要随时修改,因此应以最新资料为准.展开更多
The well known Cretaceous seaway in North America was recognized in the middle of the last century and the Palaeogene seaway in East China was proposed by the author recently. The two seaways located on the opposite s...The well known Cretaceous seaway in North America was recognized in the middle of the last century and the Palaeogene seaway in East China was proposed by the author recently. The two seaways located on the opposite sides of North Pacific Ocean may be not a coincidence, and a comparative study was made in this paper. The results show that the two seaways inundated basins share several similarities particularly in basin origin, filling processes and reservoir facies. It is suggested that reservoir facies of estuarine sandstone and shelf bar sandstone related to sea level fluctuation, which are well developed in the Cretaceous seaway covered basins in North America might have been also developed here in Palaeogene seaway inundated basins in East China. Therefore it is worth paying more attention to finding these new reservoir facies on this side of the Pacific ocean. Evidences of sedimentology and ichnology indicate that good prospects are likely.展开更多
The fuel consumption of a ship has always been an important research topic,but nowadays its importance has even increased as it is directly related to a ship’s greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,which is now tightly regula...The fuel consumption of a ship has always been an important research topic,but nowadays its importance has even increased as it is directly related to a ship’s greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,which is now tightly regulated.In this paper,such a dynamic model is presented.The ship’s resistance in calm water and propeller’s performance in open water are required as input.The hull efficiency is estimated empirically.The diesel engine is modelled by a first-order transfer function with a delayed response and its performance is calibrated with the data from the manufacturer’s catalogue.A governor is applied to maintain the pre-set engine’s rotational speed and to control the engine fuel rate.A slope limiter is employed to approximate the actual engine operation during engine transients.The default values can be obtained from the manufacturer engine load acceptance diagram.The developed model is implemented in MATLAB SIMULINK environment.After validation against third-party published results,the influence of using different types of governors on ship speed and fuel consumption is investigated.The model is also applied to simulate the fuel consumption of a ship during a typical acceleration manoeuvre and the scenario of a real ship encountering harsh weather conditions.展开更多
文摘加拿大的圣劳伦斯湾(GULF OF ST.LAWRENCE)及胡安德福卡海峡(JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT)是进入加拿大东西两岸主要港口的必经之地,更是加拿大谷物等散货出口的重要水道,为保证通航安全,主管当局制订了完善的无线电报告制度,实践证明该制度的建立为该水域的安全起到了重要作用,如果违反报告规定将被拒绝通行直至受到处罚.根据有关资料和船长的实践操作,本文对两个水域的报告制度做一介绍,供参考.但提醒注意报告制度有一定的时效性,当局会根据需要随时修改,因此应以最新资料为准.
文摘The well known Cretaceous seaway in North America was recognized in the middle of the last century and the Palaeogene seaway in East China was proposed by the author recently. The two seaways located on the opposite sides of North Pacific Ocean may be not a coincidence, and a comparative study was made in this paper. The results show that the two seaways inundated basins share several similarities particularly in basin origin, filling processes and reservoir facies. It is suggested that reservoir facies of estuarine sandstone and shelf bar sandstone related to sea level fluctuation, which are well developed in the Cretaceous seaway covered basins in North America might have been also developed here in Palaeogene seaway inundated basins in East China. Therefore it is worth paying more attention to finding these new reservoir facies on this side of the Pacific ocean. Evidences of sedimentology and ichnology indicate that good prospects are likely.
文摘The fuel consumption of a ship has always been an important research topic,but nowadays its importance has even increased as it is directly related to a ship’s greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,which is now tightly regulated.In this paper,such a dynamic model is presented.The ship’s resistance in calm water and propeller’s performance in open water are required as input.The hull efficiency is estimated empirically.The diesel engine is modelled by a first-order transfer function with a delayed response and its performance is calibrated with the data from the manufacturer’s catalogue.A governor is applied to maintain the pre-set engine’s rotational speed and to control the engine fuel rate.A slope limiter is employed to approximate the actual engine operation during engine transients.The default values can be obtained from the manufacturer engine load acceptance diagram.The developed model is implemented in MATLAB SIMULINK environment.After validation against third-party published results,the influence of using different types of governors on ship speed and fuel consumption is investigated.The model is also applied to simulate the fuel consumption of a ship during a typical acceleration manoeuvre and the scenario of a real ship encountering harsh weather conditions.
