The quality of shallow groundwater in the West Lake watershed wasinvestigated form March to July 2000. Integrating with BlacklandGRASS GIS system, the DRASTIC model was used to compile the ground-water vulnerability m...The quality of shallow groundwater in the West Lake watershed wasinvestigated form March to July 2000. Integrating with BlacklandGRASS GIS system, the DRASTIC model was used to compile the ground-water vulnerability map. A land use factor was added to the DRASTICmodel and the modified model (LDRASTIC0 increased the accuracy ofprediction form 26.9/100 to 51.3/100. The vulnerability map showedthat the lowly, moderately and highly susceptible area predictedoccupied about 11.6/100, 70.9/100 and 17.5/100 of the wholewatershed, respectively. Compared with the observed values of nitrateand electric conductivity, the LDRASTIC index improved the Pearsoncorrelation coefficients form -0.010 to 0.237 and 0.380 to 0.503;Both the improved coefficients were significant at the 0.01 level.The modified DRASTIC analysis showed a Great potential as a screeningtool for policy decision-making in groundwater management.展开更多
The main objective of the study is to identify groundwater potential zones in Thirumanimuttar basin with an integrated approach using Remote Sensing and geographical information system(GIS).FCC Image of Landsat TM 30 ...The main objective of the study is to identify groundwater potential zones in Thirumanimuttar basin with an integrated approach using Remote Sensing and geographical information system(GIS).FCC Image of Landsat TM 30 m resolution data and topographic maps has been used to generate thematic maps like geology,geomorphology,lineament and lineament density,drain-age,drainage density,and slope map of the study area.A number of geomorphic units such as Denudational hills,structural hills,Bajadas,Colluvial plain,Pediplain,Deep Pediment and Alluvial plains have been observed.A composite groundwater potential map has been generated as very high,high,medium,low and very low based on the groundwater availability area.The upper,mid-dle and downstream of the basins have been identified as potential zones for groundwater exploration.The regions of lineaments and intersecting lineaments proved for groundwater potential zones.The data generated was validated with field checks and ob-served to be in conformity with the same.展开更多
It has long been known that human activities such as waste fluid disposal and reservoir impoundment may cause earthquakes. Recently, anthropogenic activities to tackle the increasing energy demand and to address clima...It has long been known that human activities such as waste fluid disposal and reservoir impoundment may cause earthquakes. Recently, anthropogenic activities to tackle the increasing energy demand and to address climate change issues are also reported to induce earthquakes. These activities have a common attribute in that fluids are injected and extracted underground and induce spatiotemporal changes of pore pressure and stress, which may cause slip on faults. Induced earthquakes not only pose significant impacts on seismic hazard assessment and preparation, but also raise the question to the society as how to balance the economic needs of resources development and the public's concerns about potential environmental impacts. Here we review the observations of fluid-injection/extraction induced earthquakes, ground deformation associated with these activities, and their physical mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss the influences of induced earthquakes on seismic hazard models, regulatory policies on these anthropogenic activities, and current development of academic, industrial and government initiatives and collaborations in order to understand this intriguing phenomenon and address associated challenges.展开更多
基金Project supported by the British Council (No. SHA/992/297) and the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Development Found
文摘The quality of shallow groundwater in the West Lake watershed wasinvestigated form March to July 2000. Integrating with BlacklandGRASS GIS system, the DRASTIC model was used to compile the ground-water vulnerability map. A land use factor was added to the DRASTICmodel and the modified model (LDRASTIC0 increased the accuracy ofprediction form 26.9/100 to 51.3/100. The vulnerability map showedthat the lowly, moderately and highly susceptible area predictedoccupied about 11.6/100, 70.9/100 and 17.5/100 of the wholewatershed, respectively. Compared with the observed values of nitrateand electric conductivity, the LDRASTIC index improved the Pearsoncorrelation coefficients form -0.010 to 0.237 and 0.380 to 0.503;Both the improved coefficients were significant at the 0.01 level.The modified DRASTIC analysis showed a Great potential as a screeningtool for policy decision-making in groundwater management.
基金Supported by the Major Research Project Under University Grants Commission, India (No.32-335/2006)
文摘The main objective of the study is to identify groundwater potential zones in Thirumanimuttar basin with an integrated approach using Remote Sensing and geographical information system(GIS).FCC Image of Landsat TM 30 m resolution data and topographic maps has been used to generate thematic maps like geology,geomorphology,lineament and lineament density,drain-age,drainage density,and slope map of the study area.A number of geomorphic units such as Denudational hills,structural hills,Bajadas,Colluvial plain,Pediplain,Deep Pediment and Alluvial plains have been observed.A composite groundwater potential map has been generated as very high,high,medium,low and very low based on the groundwater availability area.The upper,mid-dle and downstream of the basins have been identified as potential zones for groundwater exploration.The regions of lineaments and intersecting lineaments proved for groundwater potential zones.The data generated was validated with field checks and ob-served to be in conformity with the same.
基金supported by the NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme sponsored by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Grant Nos. N_CUHK418/15, N_CUHK430/16)CUHK-University of Manchester Research Fund (Grant No. 4930227)+4 种基金United States National Science Foundation (Grant No. OCE-1357433)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. STPGP 494141-16)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant Nos. KAKENHI 2624004, 26280006)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41474033)the Summer School Program of Peking University
文摘It has long been known that human activities such as waste fluid disposal and reservoir impoundment may cause earthquakes. Recently, anthropogenic activities to tackle the increasing energy demand and to address climate change issues are also reported to induce earthquakes. These activities have a common attribute in that fluids are injected and extracted underground and induce spatiotemporal changes of pore pressure and stress, which may cause slip on faults. Induced earthquakes not only pose significant impacts on seismic hazard assessment and preparation, but also raise the question to the society as how to balance the economic needs of resources development and the public's concerns about potential environmental impacts. Here we review the observations of fluid-injection/extraction induced earthquakes, ground deformation associated with these activities, and their physical mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss the influences of induced earthquakes on seismic hazard models, regulatory policies on these anthropogenic activities, and current development of academic, industrial and government initiatives and collaborations in order to understand this intriguing phenomenon and address associated challenges.
