Inadequate yield potential of available varieties and their long growth periods are two of the factors limiting yam （Dioscorea spp.） production. Identifying yield- and maturity-related traits and breeding for them w...Inadequate yield potential of available varieties and their long growth periods are two of the factors limiting yam （Dioscorea spp.） production. Identifying yield- and maturity-related traits and breeding for them will enhance production. Ten morphological/physiological traits： time of shoot emergence, time of tuber initiation, plant height, shoot dry weight, time of shoot senescence, tuber fresh weight （tuber yield）, tuber number/plant, tuber parenchyma colour, tuber dry matter content and tuber dormancy period were assessed in eight accessions of D. alata L. （water yam） on the field in 2008 and 2009. Tuber yield-related traits were identified as shoot dry weight and time of shoot emergence. Shoot dry weight had the strongest positive effect; time of shoot emergence had a negative effect. High yielding accessions had a high shoot dry weight, but were low in tuber dry matter content. Uniform tuber parenchyma colour was the sole trait related to tuber maturity, but early and late senescing accessions did not consistently differ in the trait. TDa 00/00103 is high yielding and early maturing and may be used as a parent for breeding for high yield and early maturity in D. alata.展开更多
Farmers of North-Eastern India grow ginger organically and obtain low yield. Biofertilizer may help in increasing yield and maintaining soil fertility. An investigation made with different biofertilizers showed that s...Farmers of North-Eastern India grow ginger organically and obtain low yield. Biofertilizer may help in increasing yield and maintaining soil fertility. An investigation made with different biofertilizers showed that seed treatment with biofertilizer increased biomass by 18.3%, enhanced N, P and K removal and improved short-term soil fertility status by increasing N and P balance and reducing negative K balance over control plots. Use of high dose （5.0 kg haL） of Azotobacter （a3） and medium dose （3.75 kg hal） of both Azospirillum （b2） and Phosphotica （c2） increased rhizome biomass by 6.8%-12.5% and shoot biomass by 5.6%-14.3% over other levels. They enhanced N, P and K removal by both rhizome and shoot when compared with other levels. The above biofertilizer treatments improved organic carbon and available N and P status of the soil by increasing N and P balance. The result showed overall strong negative K balance; but biofertilizer treatments greatly reduced the negative K balance in soil as compared to the control plots. Seed treatment with high level of Azotobacter along with medium level of Phosphotica （a3c2） produced the highest biomass yield （7.4 t hal）, increased N and P balance and fertility status in spite of hizh N, P and K removal.展开更多
文摘Inadequate yield potential of available varieties and their long growth periods are two of the factors limiting yam （Dioscorea spp.） production. Identifying yield- and maturity-related traits and breeding for them will enhance production. Ten morphological/physiological traits： time of shoot emergence, time of tuber initiation, plant height, shoot dry weight, time of shoot senescence, tuber fresh weight （tuber yield）, tuber number/plant, tuber parenchyma colour, tuber dry matter content and tuber dormancy period were assessed in eight accessions of D. alata L. （water yam） on the field in 2008 and 2009. Tuber yield-related traits were identified as shoot dry weight and time of shoot emergence. Shoot dry weight had the strongest positive effect; time of shoot emergence had a negative effect. High yielding accessions had a high shoot dry weight, but were low in tuber dry matter content. Uniform tuber parenchyma colour was the sole trait related to tuber maturity, but early and late senescing accessions did not consistently differ in the trait. TDa 00/00103 is high yielding and early maturing and may be used as a parent for breeding for high yield and early maturity in D. alata.
文摘Farmers of North-Eastern India grow ginger organically and obtain low yield. Biofertilizer may help in increasing yield and maintaining soil fertility. An investigation made with different biofertilizers showed that seed treatment with biofertilizer increased biomass by 18.3%, enhanced N, P and K removal and improved short-term soil fertility status by increasing N and P balance and reducing negative K balance over control plots. Use of high dose （5.0 kg haL） of Azotobacter （a3） and medium dose （3.75 kg hal） of both Azospirillum （b2） and Phosphotica （c2） increased rhizome biomass by 6.8%-12.5% and shoot biomass by 5.6%-14.3% over other levels. They enhanced N, P and K removal by both rhizome and shoot when compared with other levels. The above biofertilizer treatments improved organic carbon and available N and P status of the soil by increasing N and P balance. The result showed overall strong negative K balance; but biofertilizer treatments greatly reduced the negative K balance in soil as compared to the control plots. Seed treatment with high level of Azotobacter along with medium level of Phosphotica （a3c2） produced the highest biomass yield （7.4 t hal）, increased N and P balance and fertility status in spite of hizh N, P and K removal.
