The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO_2.The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body.Based...The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO_2.The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body.Based on the data from the monitoring station on Banzhai subterranean stream located in Maolan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou province,the process and influence factors of KCS have been analyzed.It shows that the amount of KCS is about 353 t C per year in the catchment of Banzhai subterranean stream,and there is good linear relationship between the strength of KCS and discharge of the stream at various time scales.Therefore,how to monitor the discharge accurately is the key to the estimation of KCS.And stations with real-time monitoring function are very important for KCS calculation because of strong seasonal variability of the karst water cycle.展开更多
A real-time Diesel Particulate Matter （DPM） monitor has been developed on the base of the successful National In- stitute of Occupational Health and Safety （NIOSH） designed Personal Dust Monitor （PDM） unit. The ...A real-time Diesel Particulate Matter （DPM） monitor has been developed on the base of the successful National In- stitute of Occupational Health and Safety （NIOSH） designed Personal Dust Monitor （PDM） unit. The objectives of a recently completed Australian Coal Association Research Program （ACARP） study was to modify the PDM to measure the submicrometre fraction of the aerosol in a real-time monitoring underground instrument. Mine testing focused on use of the monitor in engineering evaluations of Longwall （LW） moves demonstrated how DPM concentrations from vehicles fluctuate under varying ventilation and operational conditions. The strong influence of mine ventilation systems is reviewed. Correlation between the current SKC DPM measurement system and real-time DPM monitors were conducted and results from eight mines show a correlation between elemental carbon （EC） and the new monitor DPM mass ranging from 0.45 to 0.82 with R2〉0.86 in all but two cases. This differences in suspected to be due to variations from mine to mine in aspects such as mine atmospheric contamination, vehicle fleet variations, fuel type, engine maintenance, engine combustion efficiency, engine behavior or interference from other submicrometre aerosol. Real-time monitoring clearly reflects the movement of individual diesel vehicles and allows pin-pointing of high exposure zones such as those encountered where various vehicles engage in intense work in areas of constrained or difficult ventilation. DPM shift average monitoring approaches do not readily allow successful engineering evaluation exercises to determine acceptability of pollution levels. Identification of high DPM concentration zones allows efficient modification of mine ventilation, operator positioning and other work practices to reduce miners＇ exposures without waiting for laboratory analysis results.展开更多
基金funded by the project (No.41072192)from National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe project(No.1212011087122)from China Geological Survey
文摘The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO_2.The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body.Based on the data from the monitoring station on Banzhai subterranean stream located in Maolan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou province,the process and influence factors of KCS have been analyzed.It shows that the amount of KCS is about 353 t C per year in the catchment of Banzhai subterranean stream,and there is good linear relationship between the strength of KCS and discharge of the stream at various time scales.Therefore,how to monitor the discharge accurately is the key to the estimation of KCS.And stations with real-time monitoring function are very important for KCS calculation because of strong seasonal variability of the karst water cycle.
文摘A real-time Diesel Particulate Matter （DPM） monitor has been developed on the base of the successful National In- stitute of Occupational Health and Safety （NIOSH） designed Personal Dust Monitor （PDM） unit. The objectives of a recently completed Australian Coal Association Research Program （ACARP） study was to modify the PDM to measure the submicrometre fraction of the aerosol in a real-time monitoring underground instrument. Mine testing focused on use of the monitor in engineering evaluations of Longwall （LW） moves demonstrated how DPM concentrations from vehicles fluctuate under varying ventilation and operational conditions. The strong influence of mine ventilation systems is reviewed. Correlation between the current SKC DPM measurement system and real-time DPM monitors were conducted and results from eight mines show a correlation between elemental carbon （EC） and the new monitor DPM mass ranging from 0.45 to 0.82 with R2〉0.86 in all but two cases. This differences in suspected to be due to variations from mine to mine in aspects such as mine atmospheric contamination, vehicle fleet variations, fuel type, engine maintenance, engine combustion efficiency, engine behavior or interference from other submicrometre aerosol. Real-time monitoring clearly reflects the movement of individual diesel vehicles and allows pin-pointing of high exposure zones such as those encountered where various vehicles engage in intense work in areas of constrained or difficult ventilation. DPM shift average monitoring approaches do not readily allow successful engineering evaluation exercises to determine acceptability of pollution levels. Identification of high DPM concentration zones allows efficient modification of mine ventilation, operator positioning and other work practices to reduce miners＇ exposures without waiting for laboratory analysis results.
