利用地下蓄水层缓解水资源短缺的探讨

针对辽宁水资源紧缺状况,总结了合理开采利用地下水的益处及不合理开采的确严重后果。建议合理利用地下蓄水层进行人工回灌地下水,促进地表水和地下水的相互转化,提高水资源总体利用率。

狠抓用水效率和优化管理——解决人类面临缺水的挑战

近50年来,世界人口增加了一倍多,从1950年的25亿增加到2000年的60亿。1950-2000年的半个世纪中,世界人口增加了35亿。随着人口的增长,人均淡水的供应在减少,由于人口增长的结果,1950-2050年期间从水文循环人均可获得的水量将减少74％。换句话说,2050年人均供水量只有1950年的1/4。随着许多已面临缺水的国家预计的人均可获得的供水量大幅度下降。

全球面临水荒威胁

水是地球万物的生命之泉,是人们赖以生存的最基本的物质。许多物质可以互相取代,用陶瓷或塑料代钢;用这种金属及其合金代替另一种金属和合金;用一种能源代替另一种能源。迄今为止,还没有一种物质可以取代水。没有水,地球将变得冷漠荒芜;没有水,一切生命活动将完全终止。

Study on effects of longwall mining on the underground water

It is very important for secure mining under water bodies to study the effects of Iongwall mining on the underground water. In order to study this problem, piezometers for monitoring underground water levels were established in an American coalmine. Large amounts of pre-mining and post-mining monitoring data were collected. Based on the data the effects of Iongwall mining on the underground water was studied. The results demonstrate that when the piezometer monitoring wells have an interburden thickness less than 72.7 m, the groundwater level decreases immediately to immeasurable levels and go dry after undermining. The height of the fractured zone in is 72.7-85.3 m in this geological and mining conditions. The results also show that the calculated value of fractured zone by the empirical formulae used in China is smaller than the actual results. Therefore, it is not always safe to use them in analysis of mining under water bodies.

引地中海(或红海)救死海

死海既不是海,也没有完全死。它是位于以色列和约旦边境线上的一个咸水湖,并且确有几种细菌和水藻生长其中。但死海正在死亡,它正慢慢干涸,因为它的主要水源约旦河已被口干舌枯的人们干缩成涓涓细流。以色列使约旦河由加利利海(这条河流过的一个淡水湖)流出的水流大约一半改道。