白垩纪以来中国西部地体运动的古地磁证据和问题

地质证据表明中国西部各地体在白垩纪之前已经增生到欧亚大陆之上 ,但这些地体自白垩纪以来的古地磁极位置与稳定欧亚大陆的古地磁极位置存在较大差异 ,对其最可能的解释是发生在晚白垩世与古新世之交 (约 6 5Ma)印度板块和欧亚大陆之间的碰撞及其后印度板块的持续北向挤压 ,使得这些地体之间以及这些地体与稳定欧亚大陆之间发生了相对位移和地体内部的变形。文中利用现有的古地磁研究成果 ,计算了自白垩纪以来中国西部各地体与欧亚稳定大陆之间的南北向相对位移量。塔里木地块和柴达木地体的古地磁数据表明 ,阿尔金断裂至少经历了四期活动。在欧亚地区普遍存在的第三纪磁倾角偏缓现象 ,很可能反映了在该地区长期存在非偶极子场。

佳木斯地体晚侏罗世－白垩纪古地磁研究及其构造意义

对佳木斯地体盖层鸡西群和桦山群１９８个标本的古地磁研究，确定了该地体晚侏罗世和白垩纪的古磁极位置（６３．４Ｎ，７１．ＯＥ，Ａ９５＝６．１和７２．２Ｎ，７３．７Ｅ，Ａ９５＝３．６）和古地理纬度（５２．５Ｎ和５２．６Ｎ）。白垩纪以后，佳木斯地体相对于松辽地体又有大幅度的位移。

Temporally Consistent Depth Map Estimation for 3D Video Generation and Coding

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for temporally consistent depth map estimation to generate three-dimensional video. The proposed algorithm adaptively computes the matching cost using a temporal weighting function, which is obtained by block-based moving object detection and motion estimation with variable block sizes. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the temporal consistency of the depth video and reduces by about 38% both the flickering artefact in the synthesized view and the number of coding bits for depth video coding.

Hypoxic training methods for improving endurance exercise performance

Endurance athletic performance is highly related to a number of fiactors that can be altered through altitude and hypoxic training including increases in erythrocyte volume, maximal aerobic exercise capacity, capillary density, and economy. Physiological adaptations in response to acute and chronic exposure to hypoxic environments are well documented and range from short-term detrimental effects to longer-term adaptations that can improve performance at altitude and in sea-level competitions. Many altitude and hypoxic training protocols have been developed, employing various combinations of living and training at sea-level, low, moderate, and high altitudes and utilizing natural and artificial altitudes, with varying degrees of effectiveness. Several factors have been identified that are associated with individual responses to hypoxic training, and techniques for identifying those athletes most likely to benefit from hypoxic trairdng continue to be investigated. Exposure to sufficiently high altitude （2000-3000 m） for more than 12 h/day, while training at lower altitudes, for a minimum of 21 days is recommended. Timing of altitude training related to competition remains under debate, although general recommendations can be considered.

Equivalent Response Estimation of Structural Systems Subjected to Long-Period Ground Motion

Long-period ground motion has become an important consideration because of the increasing number of large and long-period structures.Therefore,a thorough investigation on the formation and characteristics of longperiod ground motion is desirable for engineering applications.In this work,an analytical study is performed to examine the effect of several parameters and the combining mode for equivalent harmonic components on the dynamic response of systems.The results of the work show that the harmonic components in equivalent ground motion are evidently influenced by the intensity rise time,duration,phase and combining mode.Moreover,the long-period ground motions are simplified and simulated by separate harmonic components through proper combination.The findings of the work are believed to be useful in the selection of input ground motion in structural seismic analysis.

The Traditional Media and the Social Movement： A Study of Approaches on Brazilian and Spanish Newspapers About Landless Movements and Human Rights

In this paper, we make an argument around two elements greatly connected on the setting of neoliberal globalization： traditional media and social movements. More specifically, our proposition in this research is to conduct a comparative study of online versions of two newspapers, the Brazilian newspaper Folha de S^o Paulo and the Spanish El Mundo. Considering this, we analyze the coverage of these vehicles in 2010, a period of presidential elections in Brazil, on the MST （Landless Movement） from the perspective of DH （human rights） Adopting a critical, historical, and dialectical view, we use the theoretical assumptions of Roland Barthes Douglas Kellner, Joaquin Herrera Flores, and David S~.nchez Rubio

Causes of rockfalls in Al-Huwayshah area,Yemen

According to topography of Yemen,most areas and villages are located at obligated crest,toe of mountain and under cliffs.Therefore Al-Huwayshah consisting of Tawilah sandstone group is characterized by steep slope reach to 90° in some areas.This area is affected by strong tectonic movements and faults that occurred during the geological epochs.This effect enhances to find out fractures and joints as well as the rocks become brittle and ready to slide depending on the position of area.And there are some fractures and joints on the surface of the areas due to tectonic movement associated with opening the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.The rainfalls,fractures,joints,earthquakes,gravity,vegetations,temperatures and human activities play a big role in the processes of rockfalls and landslides in this area.All those factors are considered as the basic causes and catalyzed factors for occurrence of rockfall in the studide area.In addition,the authors carried out laboratory test for many rock samples to get the physical properties of the rocks.

Development and Prospect of Study on Soil Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics under Strong-Motion

Ground motions are significantly influenced by dynamic characteristics of overburden soil layers near ground surface,as thick and soft soil layers would obviously amplify the ground motion strength. The conventional research method on soil nonlinear dynamic characteristics under strong motions is based on experiments in laboratories for the deficiency of observation data,but it is difficult to reliably simulate the complex factors of soils in actual earthquake durations,including loading paths,boundary conditions,and drainage conditions. The incremental data of the vertical downhole observation array,which is comprised of at least one observation point on ground surface and one observation point in a downhole rock base, makes it possible to study soil nonlinear dynamics according to in situ observation data,and provides new basic data and development opportunities to soil nonlinear dynamics studies.

Study on Sport Ground Construction and Operation Status Under National Fitness Background

With the nervousness degree of people＇s life pace accelerating and the increasing of work task, human health is increasingly being ignored. In order to improve the national physical health, the state advocates to start national fitness activities. Under this background, each region begins to carry out the construction of the sport ground and conducts fruitful activities. Based on this, the paper has carried out the analysis and research on the construction and operation conditions of the sport ground under the national fitness background.

Dynamic Analysis of Historical Brick Masonry House

Brick masonry constructions are very common in many areas in the world and their failure in earthquakes has been the cause of many deaths. Since human safety is main issue of disaster management, people are more concerned about the structural assessment and strengthening of those constructions. One historical brick masonry house located in Kathmandu world heritage site is modeled by FEM （finite element method） and analyzed in E1 Centro earthquake ground motions. Bricks are modeled as solid elements and the interfaces between the brick units are modeled as zero thickness joint elements. Then, non-linear analyses of the house are applied satisfying the famous Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The result shows that the house is very weak and sustains large deformation in El Centro 1940 Earthquake. A strengthening solution modifying the connections of existing elements and adding wooden frame inside the house can reduce the deformations significantly.

Electric field penetration into Earth's ionosphere:a brief review for 2000–2013

Electric field penetration is a consequence of solar wind interaction with planetary magnetosphere and/or ionosphere. For both Earth with intrinsic magnetosphere and Mars/Venus without intrinsic magnetosphere, the penetration electric field causes various kinds of global and local electrodynamic response of the ionosphere to the solar wind electric field, especially the plasma motion in the ionosphere. Within the first 14 years of the twenty-first century, the cause and effect of the electric field penetra- tion on Earth has been investigated extensively and understood more deeply. Here we review the progress acquired on the patterns and drivers of the penetration electric field, and its influences on the plasma distribution and the equatorial spread F in the mid- and low-latitude ionosphere. From the perspective of comparative study, we also shortly introduce the new results for Mars. What has become clear is that our understanding of electric field penetration has been significantly improved, but ultimately the crucial details of the global picture still remain un- known. Looking forward to the future research of the electric field penetration in Earth＇s ionosphere, the break- through relies on new instruments built up at different longitudes to improve the global coverage of the observa- tion. An integrated network of instrument is necessary to reveal the longitude and local-time dependence of the electric field penetration and shed new light on the physical details of the global ionospheric processes driven by the electric field penetration.