The route optimization problem for road networks was applied to pedestrian flow.Evacuation path networks with nodes and arcs considering the traffic capacities of facilities were built in metro hubs,and a path impedan...The route optimization problem for road networks was applied to pedestrian flow.Evacuation path networks with nodes and arcs considering the traffic capacities of facilities were built in metro hubs,and a path impedance function for metro hubs which used the relationships among circulation speed,density and flow rate for pedestrians was defined.Then,a route optimization model which minimizes the movement time of the last evacuee was constructed to optimize evacuation performance.Solutions to the proposed mathematical model were obtained through an iterative optimization process.The route optimization model was applied to Xidan Station of Beijing Metro Line 4 based on the actual situations,and the calculation results of the model were tested using buildingExodus microscopic evacuation simulation software.The simulation result shows that the proposed model shortens the evacuation time by 16.05%,3.15% and 2.78% compared with all or none method,equally split method and Logit model,respectively.Furthermore,when the population gets larger,evacuation efficiency in the proposed model has a greater advantage.展开更多
The present study aims to propose the method for the quantitative evaluation of safety concerning evacuation routes in case of earthquake disasters in urban areas using ACO （Ant Colony Optimization） algorithm and G...The present study aims to propose the method for the quantitative evaluation of safety concerning evacuation routes in case of earthquake disasters in urban areas using ACO （Ant Colony Optimization） algorithm and GIS （Geographic Information Systems）. Regarding the safety evaluation method, firstly, the similarity in safety was focused on while taking into consideration road blockage probability, and after classifying roads by means of the hierarchical cluster analysis, the congestion rates of evacuation routes using ACO simulations were estimated. Based on these results, the multiple evacuation routes extracted were visualized on digital maps by means of GIS, and its safety was evaluated. Furthermore, the selection of safe evacuation routes between evacuation sites, for cases when the possibility of large-scale evacuation after an earthquake disaster is high, is made possible. As the safety evaluation method is based on public information, by obtaining the same geographic information as the present study, it is effective in other areas regardless of whether the information is of the past and future. Therefore, in addition to spatial reproducibility, the safety evaluation method also has high temporal reproducibility. Because safety evaluations are conducted on evacuation routes based on quantified data, highly safe evacuation routes that are selected have been quantitatively evaluated, and thus serve as an effective indicator when selecting evacuation routes.展开更多
It is of great practical significance to study and protect the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage. This is conducive to a profound understanding of the spirit of the East Asian region, especially traditional...It is of great practical significance to study and protect the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage. This is conducive to a profound understanding of the spirit of the East Asian region, especially traditional Chinese marine culture, and the maintenance of peace and order in East Asia and the world as a whole. But at present, some problems increase the difficulty for the protection of East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage, for example, improper development and utilization in the process of urbanization, imperfection of the management mechanism, multiplicity of the ownership of the estate. Propose to carry out a survey of the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage as soon as possible, build regional integration cooperation mechanism, improve the marine cultural heritage protection technology, perfect the relevant laws and regulations.展开更多
基金Project(51078086)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The route optimization problem for road networks was applied to pedestrian flow.Evacuation path networks with nodes and arcs considering the traffic capacities of facilities were built in metro hubs,and a path impedance function for metro hubs which used the relationships among circulation speed,density and flow rate for pedestrians was defined.Then,a route optimization model which minimizes the movement time of the last evacuee was constructed to optimize evacuation performance.Solutions to the proposed mathematical model were obtained through an iterative optimization process.The route optimization model was applied to Xidan Station of Beijing Metro Line 4 based on the actual situations,and the calculation results of the model were tested using buildingExodus microscopic evacuation simulation software.The simulation result shows that the proposed model shortens the evacuation time by 16.05%,3.15% and 2.78% compared with all or none method,equally split method and Logit model,respectively.Furthermore,when the population gets larger,evacuation efficiency in the proposed model has a greater advantage.
文摘The present study aims to propose the method for the quantitative evaluation of safety concerning evacuation routes in case of earthquake disasters in urban areas using ACO （Ant Colony Optimization） algorithm and GIS （Geographic Information Systems）. Regarding the safety evaluation method, firstly, the similarity in safety was focused on while taking into consideration road blockage probability, and after classifying roads by means of the hierarchical cluster analysis, the congestion rates of evacuation routes using ACO simulations were estimated. Based on these results, the multiple evacuation routes extracted were visualized on digital maps by means of GIS, and its safety was evaluated. Furthermore, the selection of safe evacuation routes between evacuation sites, for cases when the possibility of large-scale evacuation after an earthquake disaster is high, is made possible. As the safety evaluation method is based on public information, by obtaining the same geographic information as the present study, it is effective in other areas regardless of whether the information is of the past and future. Therefore, in addition to spatial reproducibility, the safety evaluation method also has high temporal reproducibility. Because safety evaluations are conducted on evacuation routes based on quantified data, highly safe evacuation routes that are selected have been quantitatively evaluated, and thus serve as an effective indicator when selecting evacuation routes.
文摘It is of great practical significance to study and protect the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage. This is conducive to a profound understanding of the spirit of the East Asian region, especially traditional Chinese marine culture, and the maintenance of peace and order in East Asia and the world as a whole. But at present, some problems increase the difficulty for the protection of East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage, for example, improper development and utilization in the process of urbanization, imperfection of the management mechanism, multiplicity of the ownership of the estate. Propose to carry out a survey of the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage as soon as possible, build regional integration cooperation mechanism, improve the marine cultural heritage protection technology, perfect the relevant laws and regulations.
