Sustainability on farms is a challenge to competitiveness in the globalized market. In this scenario, due to the strong environmental, economic and social appeal, crop-livestock-forest integration systems have been co...Sustainability on farms is a challenge to competitiveness in the globalized market. In this scenario, due to the strong environmental, economic and social appeal, crop-livestock-forest integration systems have been considered as the future of agriculture. Regarding the economic approach, this system is based on the diversification of income generating activities, with revenue entry at different times, rationalization of resource use and reduction of risk of financial losses. Thus, the purpose of this work was to carry out the economic analysis of a crop-livestock-forest integration system, located at Boa Vereda＇s farm, in the municipality of Cachoeira Dourada in the state of Goi^is in the central-west region of Brazil. The system was composed of the following traditional crops of the region： soybean, corn, pasture, beef cattle and eucalyptus. The technical coefficients and the prices used for economic evaluation were obtained from the experimental unit and from the local market when crops were harvested in 2016/2017. The economic indicators used to assess economic viability were the net present value （NPV） and the equivalent annual uniform value （EAUV）. The results showed a return greater than the opportunity cost of the land, showing the attractiveness of the crop-livestock-forest integration system. Thus, this system represents an economically viable alternative that, among other benefits, allows the diversification of its sources of income, with a reduction of risk.展开更多
The paper set off from the nature characteristics of rural cooperation finance, analyzing the finance cooperation in our rural areas. It points out that the supporting strength is difficult to maintain the need of sim...The paper set off from the nature characteristics of rural cooperation finance, analyzing the finance cooperation in our rural areas. It points out that the supporting strength is difficult to maintain the need of simple reproduction, disturbing the consistence between the intense need of the important peasant household and the market-oriented development of enterprise produce What is more, and functional cultivating becomes reverse circulation, forming shoulders adjustment mechanism in the majority of our rural areas. In the long run, if we want to break the influence of the long-term effect of dual economy between urban and rural areas, plan the development of urban and rural as a whole, build socialism new rural area, the key is to comply with the principle ＂root in rural area, originally in the peasant, quality in cooperation ＂, build and perfect the serve system of rural cooperation finance.展开更多
The market concentration of selected 24 container port/terminal in the Middle East region was evaluated. Data collected for 6 years （2009-2014）, HHI （Herfindahl-Hirschman index technique） was used to analyse the m...The market concentration of selected 24 container port/terminal in the Middle East region was evaluated. Data collected for 6 years （2009-2014）, HHI （Herfindahl-Hirschman index technique） was used to analyse the market behaviour and the movement of the market towards monopoly or to lead to PPC （pure and perfect competition）. Based on the above, by analyzing the defined market data, it was found to be a promising market and tends to competition. Of course, this serves the interest of the client, which is the efficiency and speed of cargo handling safely and at the lowest cost.展开更多
文摘Sustainability on farms is a challenge to competitiveness in the globalized market. In this scenario, due to the strong environmental, economic and social appeal, crop-livestock-forest integration systems have been considered as the future of agriculture. Regarding the economic approach, this system is based on the diversification of income generating activities, with revenue entry at different times, rationalization of resource use and reduction of risk of financial losses. Thus, the purpose of this work was to carry out the economic analysis of a crop-livestock-forest integration system, located at Boa Vereda＇s farm, in the municipality of Cachoeira Dourada in the state of Goi^is in the central-west region of Brazil. The system was composed of the following traditional crops of the region： soybean, corn, pasture, beef cattle and eucalyptus. The technical coefficients and the prices used for economic evaluation were obtained from the experimental unit and from the local market when crops were harvested in 2016/2017. The economic indicators used to assess economic viability were the net present value （NPV） and the equivalent annual uniform value （EAUV）. The results showed a return greater than the opportunity cost of the land, showing the attractiveness of the crop-livestock-forest integration system. Thus, this system represents an economically viable alternative that, among other benefits, allows the diversification of its sources of income, with a reduction of risk.
文摘The paper set off from the nature characteristics of rural cooperation finance, analyzing the finance cooperation in our rural areas. It points out that the supporting strength is difficult to maintain the need of simple reproduction, disturbing the consistence between the intense need of the important peasant household and the market-oriented development of enterprise produce What is more, and functional cultivating becomes reverse circulation, forming shoulders adjustment mechanism in the majority of our rural areas. In the long run, if we want to break the influence of the long-term effect of dual economy between urban and rural areas, plan the development of urban and rural as a whole, build socialism new rural area, the key is to comply with the principle ＂root in rural area, originally in the peasant, quality in cooperation ＂, build and perfect the serve system of rural cooperation finance.
文摘The market concentration of selected 24 container port/terminal in the Middle East region was evaluated. Data collected for 6 years （2009-2014）, HHI （Herfindahl-Hirschman index technique） was used to analyse the market behaviour and the movement of the market towards monopoly or to lead to PPC （pure and perfect competition）. Based on the above, by analyzing the defined market data, it was found to be a promising market and tends to competition. Of course, this serves the interest of the client, which is the efficiency and speed of cargo handling safely and at the lowest cost.
