The pressure gradient of the lithosphere is a key to explaining various geological processes, and varies also in time and space similar to the geothermal gradient. In this paper a correlation formula of geothermal gra...The pressure gradient of the lithosphere is a key to explaining various geological processes, and varies also in time and space similar to the geothermal gradient. In this paper a correlation formula of geothermal gradients and pressure gradients was built with the thermocomprestion coefficients. Based on this formula, the article has studied the relation between the pressure gradients and the geothermal gradients in the lithosphere, and the results indicate that the pressure gradient in the lithosphere is nonlinear, and its minimum value is the lithostatic gradient, and that the pressure gradient of the lithosphere will increase obviously with the contribution of both geothermal and gravity, and could be twice times more than the lithostatic gradient.展开更多
A terrain-following coordinate （a-coordinate） in which the computational form of pressure gradient force （PGF） is two-term （the so-called classic method） has significant PGF errors near steep terrain. Using the ...A terrain-following coordinate （a-coordinate） in which the computational form of pressure gradient force （PGF） is two-term （the so-called classic method） has significant PGF errors near steep terrain. Using the covariant equations of the a-coordinate to create a one-term PGF （the covariant method） can reduce the PGF errors. This study investigates the factors inducing the PGF errors of these two methods, through geometric analysis and idealized experiments. The geometric analysis first demonstrates that the terrain slope and the vertical pressure gradient can induce the PGF errors of the classic method, and then generalize the effect of the terrain slope to the effect of the slope of each vertical layer （φ）. More importantly, a new factor, the direction of PGF （a）, is proposed by the geometric analysis, and the effects of φ and a are quantified by tan φ.tan a. When tan φ.tan a is greater than 1/9 or smaller than -10/9, the two terms of PGF of the classic method are of the same order but opposite in sign, and then the PGF errors of the classic method are large. Finally, the effects of three factors on inducing the PGF errors of the classic method are validated by a series of idealized experiments using various terrain types and pressure fields. The experimental results also demonstrate that the PGF errors of the covariant method are affected little by the three factors.展开更多
基金the Scientific Project of Ministry of Land and Resource of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Doctoral Station Foundation of Ministry of Education of China
文摘The pressure gradient of the lithosphere is a key to explaining various geological processes, and varies also in time and space similar to the geothermal gradient. In this paper a correlation formula of geothermal gradients and pressure gradients was built with the thermocomprestion coefficients. Based on this formula, the article has studied the relation between the pressure gradients and the geothermal gradients in the lithosphere, and the results indicate that the pressure gradient in the lithosphere is nonlinear, and its minimum value is the lithostatic gradient, and that the pressure gradient of the lithosphere will increase obviously with the contribution of both geothermal and gravity, and could be twice times more than the lithostatic gradient.
基金jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China[973 Program,grant number 2015CB954102]National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers41305095 and 41175064]
文摘A terrain-following coordinate （a-coordinate） in which the computational form of pressure gradient force （PGF） is two-term （the so-called classic method） has significant PGF errors near steep terrain. Using the covariant equations of the a-coordinate to create a one-term PGF （the covariant method） can reduce the PGF errors. This study investigates the factors inducing the PGF errors of these two methods, through geometric analysis and idealized experiments. The geometric analysis first demonstrates that the terrain slope and the vertical pressure gradient can induce the PGF errors of the classic method, and then generalize the effect of the terrain slope to the effect of the slope of each vertical layer （φ）. More importantly, a new factor, the direction of PGF （a）, is proposed by the geometric analysis, and the effects of φ and a are quantified by tan φ.tan a. When tan φ.tan a is greater than 1/9 or smaller than -10/9, the two terms of PGF of the classic method are of the same order but opposite in sign, and then the PGF errors of the classic method are large. Finally, the effects of three factors on inducing the PGF errors of the classic method are validated by a series of idealized experiments using various terrain types and pressure fields. The experimental results also demonstrate that the PGF errors of the covariant method are affected little by the three factors.
