By the end of 2002, there are about 219 production wells (including 12 reinjection wells) in Tianjin. The annual production rate is 1.5×10 7 m 3 and the reinjection rate is 1.66×10 6 m 3. The main side effec...By the end of 2002, there are about 219 production wells (including 12 reinjection wells) in Tianjin. The annual production rate is 1.5×10 7 m 3 and the reinjection rate is 1.66×10 6 m 3. The main side effect anticipated from reinjection is the cooling of the reservoir. It is necessary to estimate the thermal breakthrough time in different distances between injection production wells. This paper describes the 2 D mass and heat transfer in the heterogeneous fractured rocks. The equations that arise for each grid block must be linearized. The main reinjection model is simulated by a program of the TOUGH2 to analyze the change of the temperature field and predict the pressure and heat break through. The tracer test is very important for understanding the transportation pathway and transport channel/space in the doublet system, and estimating the possible cooling resulted from the injection processes.展开更多
The field tests were carried out to examine the reinforcement effect of a geogrid on various conditions of embankment height,the number of passages of vibratory roller,the number of reinforced layer of geogrid,and soi...The field tests were carried out to examine the reinforcement effect of a geogrid on various conditions of embankment height,the number of passages of vibratory roller,the number of reinforced layer of geogrid,and soil properties.The test results of the dynamic earth pressure indicate that the soil reinforced by geogrid is very effective to increase the stiffness of soil,especially in soft soil.The dynamic earth pressure ratio,which is defined as the ratio of dynamic earth pressure to self weight of soils,exponentially decreases as the embankment height increases.The dynamic earth pressure ratio increases up to 80% for soft soils reinforced by both one layer of geogrid in place of no reinforced soils and two layers in place of a single layer of geogrid.展开更多
In several parts of the world, disposal of waste materials such as fly ash is a great problem. Application of waste materials as structural fills in foundations is one of the best solutions to disposal problems, becau...In several parts of the world, disposal of waste materials such as fly ash is a great problem. Application of waste materials as structural fills in foundations is one of the best solutions to disposal problems, because wastes can be used in large volumes in such applications. There may be difficulty due to poor load-bearing capacity of fly ash, especially when footing rests on the top of the fly ash fill slope. Inclusion of polymeric reinforcements as horizontal sheets within the fill may be one of the most viable solutions to improving the load-bearing capacity of reinforced fly ash slope, and it is particularly important for the situations where foundations need to be located either on the top of a slope or on slope itself. The present work is aimed at investigating the efficacy of a single layer of reinforcement in improving the lo, ad-bearing capacity when it gets incorporated within the body of a model fly ash embankment slope. An increase in load bearing capacity due to the incorporation of reinforcement in the model slope was found by conducting laboratory tests. Experimental results were compared by numerical values obtained using software GEO5 and PLAXIS.展开更多
If radiative and self-force effects are neglected, we find that feeding a test particle into a near-extremal Kerr- Newman-AdS black hole could lead to destroy their event horizon, giving rise to naked singularities. H...If radiative and self-force effects are neglected, we find that feeding a test particle into a near-extremal Kerr- Newman-AdS black hole could lead to destroy their event horizon, giving rise to naked singularities. Hence radiative and self-force effects must be taken into account to further test cosmic censorship. Moreover, the allowed paxameter range for this test particle is very narrow, this leaves the possibility of radiative and self-force effects considerations to cure the problem of WCC violation in Kerr-Newman-AdS spacetime.展开更多
文摘By the end of 2002, there are about 219 production wells (including 12 reinjection wells) in Tianjin. The annual production rate is 1.5×10 7 m 3 and the reinjection rate is 1.66×10 6 m 3. The main side effect anticipated from reinjection is the cooling of the reservoir. It is necessary to estimate the thermal breakthrough time in different distances between injection production wells. This paper describes the 2 D mass and heat transfer in the heterogeneous fractured rocks. The equations that arise for each grid block must be linearized. The main reinjection model is simulated by a program of the TOUGH2 to analyze the change of the temperature field and predict the pressure and heat break through. The tracer test is very important for understanding the transportation pathway and transport channel/space in the doublet system, and estimating the possible cooling resulted from the injection processes.
文摘The field tests were carried out to examine the reinforcement effect of a geogrid on various conditions of embankment height,the number of passages of vibratory roller,the number of reinforced layer of geogrid,and soil properties.The test results of the dynamic earth pressure indicate that the soil reinforced by geogrid is very effective to increase the stiffness of soil,especially in soft soil.The dynamic earth pressure ratio,which is defined as the ratio of dynamic earth pressure to self weight of soils,exponentially decreases as the embankment height increases.The dynamic earth pressure ratio increases up to 80% for soft soils reinforced by both one layer of geogrid in place of no reinforced soils and two layers in place of a single layer of geogrid.
文摘In several parts of the world, disposal of waste materials such as fly ash is a great problem. Application of waste materials as structural fills in foundations is one of the best solutions to disposal problems, because wastes can be used in large volumes in such applications. There may be difficulty due to poor load-bearing capacity of fly ash, especially when footing rests on the top of the fly ash fill slope. Inclusion of polymeric reinforcements as horizontal sheets within the fill may be one of the most viable solutions to improving the load-bearing capacity of reinforced fly ash slope, and it is particularly important for the situations where foundations need to be located either on the top of a slope or on slope itself. The present work is aimed at investigating the efficacy of a single layer of reinforcement in improving the lo, ad-bearing capacity when it gets incorporated within the body of a model fly ash embankment slope. An increase in load bearing capacity due to the incorporation of reinforcement in the model slope was found by conducting laboratory tests. Experimental results were compared by numerical values obtained using software GEO5 and PLAXIS.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11675139,11405130,11647050
文摘If radiative and self-force effects are neglected, we find that feeding a test particle into a near-extremal Kerr- Newman-AdS black hole could lead to destroy their event horizon, giving rise to naked singularities. Hence radiative and self-force effects must be taken into account to further test cosmic censorship. Moreover, the allowed paxameter range for this test particle is very narrow, this leaves the possibility of radiative and self-force effects considerations to cure the problem of WCC violation in Kerr-Newman-AdS spacetime.
