顾及光滑拟合精度的地形曲线采样点布设规则研究

以加权平均抛物线拟合法为例,研究了顾及后期地形曲线光滑模型的采样点布设规则的确定问题。研究表明,对需要光滑拟合处理的地形曲线,除了传统的适当增加冗余采样点(采集质量检测点)外,还需要依据后期的光滑拟合模型,合理规划这些检测点的布点位置,才能有效保障地形曲线的科学采样与高保真重构。

基于地形因子特征值的喀斯特流域地貌类型判别

利用数字地面高程模型进行子流域划分,提取反映喀斯特地貌形态的7个地形因子——高程、坡度、地形起伏度、地形粗糙度、地表切割深度、高程变异系数和地形指数,提出根据地形因子特征值进行喀斯特地貌类型判别方法。以贵州省后寨河流域为例,在划分的18个流域中,选取16个流域通过单个地形因子特征值相关分析和多个地形因子特征值模糊聚类分析,确定峰丛-洼地和峰林-盆地地貌类型判别的阈值,选取另外两个流域进行判别方法检验。结果表明:基于地形因子特征值可定量判别出喀斯特流域不同地貌类型。

Propagation of internal waves up continental slope and shelf

In a two-dimensional and linear framework, a transformation was developed to derive eigensolutions of internal waves over a subcritical hyperbolic slope and to approximate the continental slope and shelf. The transformation converts a hyperbolic slope in physical space into a flat bottom in transform space while the governing equations of internal waves remain hyperbolic. The eigensolutions are further used to study the evolution of linear internal waves as it propagates to subcritical continental slope and shelf. The stream function, velocity, and vertical shear of velocity induced by internal wave at the hyperbolic slope are analytically expressed by superposition of the obtained eigensolutions. The velocity and velocity shear increase as the internal wave propagates to a hyperbolic slope. They become very large especially when the slope of internal wave rays approaches the topographic slope, which is consistent with the previous studies.

Characteristics of a Terrain-Following Sigma Coordinate

This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schematic of the σ-coordinate in a curvilinear coordinate system is provided in this study. The characteristics of the basis vectors were broken down into their ＂local vector charac- teristics＂ and ＂spatial distribution characteristics＂, and the exact expressions of the covariant; in addition, the con- travariant basis vectors of the G-coordinate used to eluci- date their detailed characteristics were properly solved. Through rewriting the expression of the vertical coordi- nate of G, a mathematical expression of all the cr-coor- dinate surfaces was found, thereby quantifying the so- called terrain-following characteristics and lack of flexi- bility to adjust the slope variation of G-coordinate sur- faces for the classic definition of G. Finally, an analysis on the range value of the vertical coordinate demonstrated that the general value range of G could be obtained by eliminating the G-coordinate surfaces below the Earth＇s surface. All these quantitative descriptions of the charac- teristics of G-coordinate were the foundation for improv- ing the G-coordinate or creating a new one.

3D deformation effect and optimal excavated design of surface mine

The three-dimensional （3D） deformation effect of the slope engineering under the step-by-step excavation for the Antaibao surface mine was analyzed using the FLAC^3D technique. An optimal excavated scheme with a relatively steeper slope angle of 47° instead of 30° was successfully implemented at the west wall in the geological section 73200 of the mine area, where the 3D effect of the nonlinear large deformation of the slope was taken into account. Based on the above research conclusion, put forward the countermeasures of shortening mining length, excavating by different regions, timely foot backfilling to protect the excavated slope, and monitoring and feedback adjustment by studying the nonlinear effect. The results show that these countermeasures are effective in controlling maximum deformation and increasing the stability of the slope.

On nodal prime Fano threefolds of degree 10

We study the geometry and the period map of nodal complex prime Fano threefolds with index 1 and degree 10.We show that these threefolds are birationally isomorphic to Verra threefolds,i.e.,hypersurfaces of bidegree (2,2) in P2 × P2.Using Verra's results on the period map for these threefolds and on the Prym map for double tale covers of plane sextic curves,we prove that the fiber of the period map for our nodal threefolds is the union of two disjoint surfaces,for which we give several descriptions.This result is the analog in the nodal case of a result of Debarre O,Iliev A,Manivel L (arXiv:0812.3670) in the smooth case.

Topography of spinal column and kidney receptors as illustrated by microsystem of the foot

OBJECTIVE:To test the accuracy of the distribution of reflective zones on the feet as proposed by William Fitzgerald using the spine and kidney receptors as reference points.METHODS:Spine and feet lengths were measured first along straight lines and then again,taking into consideration the anatomical curves.The spinal column was further measured with regard to its individual regions(cervical,thoracic,lumbar,sacrum-coccyx).Straight-line measurements were taken with the help of an anthropometer.Measurements that took into account all of the curves were performed with the opisometer(also known as a "map measurer").All the measurements were accurate to within 1 mm.The study subjects were a healthy,physically fit 16-year-old female student and a 53-year-old male office employee exposed to an average dose of physical exercise.RESULTS:The kidney receptor in the foot did not reflect onto the predetermined lumbar section of the spinal column as measured along the straight line or with regard to curves.Instead,in both subjects the kidney receptor reflected onto the thoracic spine.CONCLUSION:Te particular level of the spinal cord that innervates the given organ controls the distribution of receptors of individual organs in the foot.