Stochastic Air Traffic Flow Management for Demand and Capacity Balancing Under Capacity Uncertainty

This paper introduces an innovative approach to the synchronized demand-capacity balance with special focus on sector capacity uncertainty within a centrally controlled collaborative air traffic flow management(ATFM)framework.Further with previous study,the uncertainty in capacity is considered as a non-negligible issue regarding multiple reasons,like the impact of weather,the strike of air traffic controllers(ATCOs),the military use of airspace and the spatiotemporal distribution of nonscheduled flights,etc.These recessive factors affect the outcome of traffic flow optimization.In this research,the focus is placed on the impact of sector capacity uncertainty on demand and capacity balancing(DCB)optimization and ATFM,and multiple options,such as delay assignment and rerouting,are intended for regulating the traffic flow.A scenario optimization method for sector capacity in the presence of uncertainties is used to find the approximately optimal solution.The results show that the proposed approach can achieve better demand and capacity balancing and determine perfect integer solutions to ATFM problems,solving large-scale instances(24 h on seven capacity scenarios,with 6255 flights and 8949 trajectories)in 5-15 min.To the best of our knowledge,our experiment is the first to tackle large-scale instances of stochastic ATFM problems within the collaborative ATFM framework.

我们的目标是——没有电线!

冷酷无情的世界终于对小编下手了……在上一期,小编还信誓旦旦地跟大家说电动汽车“充电不方便”,可万万没想到,没过几天,一则新消息以“迅雷不及发稿”之势狼狈地扇了小编一记耳光——电动汽车的充电线和上期的文章,都将成为历史了.

Tectono-paleogeographic study of the Early Cretaceous in the Songliao Basin

Based on first-hand material from the geological exploration of petroleum,we made a detailed study of the tectonic development in the Early Cretaceous and the distribution of basement rifts in the Songliao Basin.The sedimentary characteristics of this epoch and the tectono-paleogeography of the basin were expounded.The results show that in its early stages,the Songliao Basin was characterized by a detached faulted basin in which mainly lake facies developed among mountains.It became gradually one lake during the late stages of the Early Cretaceous.During this period,the fault activity in the Songliao Basin changed from a turbulent to a quiet development,the water area from small separated lakes to one large lake,in which the sedimentary facies were divided into asymmetric eastern and western parts.In the basin a volcanic clastic rock-alluvial fan system developed and a fan delta-lake-small delta-river system was mainly deposired.Our research also shows that the basement rifts not only controlled the distribution of fault depressions and the tectonic development in the Early Cretaceous,but had also an effect on the orientation of sedimentation,source area and river system,which determine the tectonopaleogeography of the Early Cretaceous.

Cross-breeding of Different Geological Populations of Scallop, Chlamys farreri

Wild populations of Chlamys farreri derived from Japan and China are used as parents in a cross breeding experiment conducted in Zhangzi Island of Liaoning Province in the early May of 2000. Four different first filial generations of the crossbreeding, namely JC, CJ, CC and JJ, which represent different cross combinations of the parents, are differentiated from each other in some observed quantitative traits including survival rate, hatchery rate and attachment rate, etc. By ANOVA analysis, significant differences in growth rate are found among the four populations of the offspring after one year of culturing in Shandong Province. JJ population shows the fastest growth rate and has shell height of 46.1±0.71(SD)mm in average, whereas the other three populations, CC, CJ and JC, has the shell height of 43.1±0.42mm, 41.5±0.48mm and 37.2 ±0.31mm, respectively. No heterosis is detected in the experiment.

The Effect of Active Tectonic to Morphology of Alluvial Fan of Shahdad in Kerman-lran

The alluvial fan of the Shahdad in Derakt-Tangan River is one of the biggest alleviation in total dry area in the north eastern Kerman. This alluvial fan is formed effected by different materials erosion in drainage basin of Derakt-Tangan River and laying these materials in the final part of this drainage basin called Lut. Tectonics activate with efficacy in the place of the settlement of the alluvial fan. The region, which is being studied, is one of the active tectonic regions. The severe tectonic activities in the studying region have been proved by several observations. One of the most important evidences in the region is the various faults in the area and implies to fan alluvium （from head to end）, study line profile in past and present. The most important fault of the region is the great fault of ＂Nay band＂, the southern fault of Shahdad and the series of faults having the direction of north-western to south-eastern and northern and southern. The drainage basin of alluvial fan of the Derakt-Tangan River leads from east to Kavir-lut, from west to the Baghe-Bala Mountains and Kalisaky from The aim of this article is the morphology of Derakt-Tangan north to the altitutes of Dahran and from south to the mountains of Jeffan river fan indicative on neotectonics in the region.

一只大马蜂

刚开始时,一切都挺正常的……阅读课上,同学们安安静静地写作业。突然,一只大马蜂大摇大摆地从窗户飞了进来.全班所有人放下了手中的笔,用好奇的目光盯着它。这只大马蜂可能很好奇一个女孩的头饰,便'嗡嗡'地扇着翅膀,悄悄地落到了那个正在聚精会神看书的女孩头上。有的同学四处张望,不知道马蜂落在了哪儿;有的摸摸自己的脑袋,确保大马蜂没落在自己的头上;有的则目不转睛地盯着那只大马蜂.