干旱给许多地方带来饥饿和死亡

从印度到非洲,直到巴西,干旱使得谷物枯萎,水井和池塘干得滴水皆无,成千上万居民,尤其是妇女和儿童,为了寻觅食物和水被迫四处逃荒。 气象局官员说,在美国,二月份几场暴雨才中断了干旱,那里的早情是世界上几个最为异常干旱地区之一。

地方特色文化带建设与县域经济发展——以长吉图开发开放先导区农民自办文化大院为例

在吉林省农村发展中,农民自办的文化大院对于改善农村精神风貌、提升农民文化生活品位发挥了重要作用,同时对促进县域经济发展也是一个新的经济增长点。应把"长吉图地方特色文化带"内的文化大院建设进行整合,培育和挖掘具有地方特色的优秀文化精神,把地方特色文化的发掘与发展放到经济发展规划之中,并作为内在核心动力之一。在文化大院的建设和发展过程中,要挖掘自身潜力,注重品牌效应;各县域应充分利用本地的特色资源,积极带动相关产业;同时注意营造良好的文化氛围,形成地方特色。

风从遥远的地方带来

风从遥远的地方带来 不可言传的春天的歌声， 这儿那儿露出了 一小片明亮深邃的天空。

陆梅:带你进入梦开始的地方

正在消失的村庄似乎我的点滴文字总和故乡有关。这个假日，原本没打算回家乡墨因为忙碌的工作牵系着。可到底还是回去了，说实在话，看望父母是—个理由，想呼吸一下乡野的空气才是心底最迫切的愿望。

Study on Land Suitability Evaluation in the northern China Crop-pasture Band

Basing on the limiting factor method and Composite Index method,for the northern China crop-pasture band,the authors established the system of evaluation index,and abstracted the dominant factor,then through applying expert grade and weighing way the suitability of grids are evaluated,the results showed that：without the input of a large number of cash,most of the area was not suitable for farming,and more appropriate area for farming was only 8.45% of total area,mainly located in the southeast and southwest of the study area,followed by the study area in the northeast,areas that was not suitable for farming mainly in the middle of the east,large areas of central and western regions.

编读往来

不能把国防报刊当摆设编辑同志:国防报刊是对基层民兵进行国防教育的重要教材,每年各级在经费比较紧张的情况下,都要挤出资金扩大订阅数量,以保证基层民兵能够看上国防报刊。但最近我们发现,一些单位订阅的国防报刊却被闲放在乡镇专武干部、民兵干部的案头,或多或少成了摆设。据了解,这种现象在一些地方带有一定的普遍性。为了保证民兵政治教育的落实,促进国防知识的普及,提高刊授教育的质量,我们建议:各县(市、

九霄

寂静的暗夜,急着想逃避一个人的孤独,丢弃了满屋的烟雾,开了车向城市最喧嚣的那条街游去。到了却又后悔,已然融不进五光十色的一切,于是便去找寻角落里的别样。邂逅了隐匿楼群间的三层LOFT,开阔的地方带来无限飘摇的空间。进门是为了“Cloud Nine”的称谓,幻想真能俘获那九重天上的快乐感觉;而留下则是身不由己,因为那萦绕耳边的乐音已分明设下了迷魂的符咒。

“日光浴”的家庭用品

阳光中含有红外线和紫外线,家庭中的许多用品都可以通过阳光的照射进行消毒。 1、毛巾。一般家庭使用的毛巾都是放在室内甚至卫生间里,由于空气不流通,毛巾每天要用几次,难有干的时候,容易孽生繁殖病菌,久之可导致皮肤病等。因此,毛巾要经常洗干净后拿出室外进行“日光浴”消毒。 2、抹布。

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Agricultural Soils of the Southern Subtropics,China

The contributions of persistent organic pollutants （POPs） from the subtropical regions of China to pollution of the global environment have been paid great attention; however, little is known about the state of POPs in agricultural ecosystems within these regions of China. This study primarily revealed the state of the contamination and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAH） in agricultural soils in the subtropical regions. 115 surface soils （0-20 cm） were sampled in the breadbaskets of these regions. The concentrations and types of PAH were determined using gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The total PAH concentrations ranged from 22.1 to 1 256.9 ng g^-1 with a mean of 318.2 ± 148.2 ng g^-1. In general terms, the current PAH concentrations were lower than most PAH levels reported in a number of investigations from different countries and regions. PAH isomer ratios indicated that pyrolytic origins, such as fossil fuel combustion related to vehicle tail gas and industrial emissions, were the dominant sources of PAH in the southern subtropical areas of China. Although PAH concentrations decreased with decreasing pollution, population, and traffic density, to a great extent PAH compositions were similar throughout subtropical soils, with naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and benzo（b）fluoranthene being dominant.

Predicting the distribution of thin bed reservoirs by broad frequency band seismic

Recognition of thin interbedded reservoirs in the middle-shallow strata in the Songliao Basin is a great difficulty. In order to resolve this problem, we present a technique for predicting the distribution of thin reservoirs using a broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. Based on forward modeling, we recognized that a thin bed seismic reflection is characterized by changing amplitude with changing frequency （amplitude versus frequency, AVF）. We calculate the thickness of thin reservoirs from their AVF characteristics and predict the distribution of thin bed reservoir using broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. The technique has been applied in the 3D seismic area of Zhaoyuan in the northern part of the Songliao Basin. The seismic resolution is increased by two or three times over that of conventional seismic and many thin reservoirs have been identified. The technique has extensive application to the exploration and development of oil and gas, such as optimizing the location of exploration wells, the design of wells （especially horizontal wells）, choice of production test layers, analyzing reservoir continuity in development wells, and so on.

The Migration Characteristics of Strong Earthquakes on the North-South Seismic Belt and Its Relation with the South Asia Seismic Belt

Migration of strong earthquakes (M≥7.0) along the North-South Seismic Belt of China since 1500 AD shows three patterns: Approximately equal time and distance interval migration from N to S, varied patterns of migration from S to N and grouped strong earthquake activity in a certain period over the entire seismic belt. Analysis of strong earthquakes in the past hundred years shows that the seismicity on the North-South Seismic Belt is also associated with strong earthquake activities on the South Asia Seismic Belt which extends from Myanmar to Sumatra, Indonesia. Strong earthquakes on the former belt often lag several months or years behind the quakes occurring on the later belt. So, after the occurrence of the December 26, 2004 M_S8.7 great earthquake off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, the possibility of occurrence of strong earthquakes on the North-South Seismic Belt of China cannot be ignored. The above-mentioned migration characteristics of strong earthquakes are related to the northeastward collision and subduction of the India Plate as well as the interaction between the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and the stable and hard Ordos and Alashan Massifs at its northeastern margin.

A Simple and Rapid Colloidal Gold-based Immunochromatogarpic Strip Test for Detection of FMDV Serotype A

A sandwich format immunochromatographic assay for detecting foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes was developed. In this rapid test,affinity purified polyclonal antibodies from Guinea pigs which were immunized with sucking-mouse adapted FMD virus (A/AV88(L) strain) were conjugated to colloidal gold beads and used as the capture antibody,and affinity purified polyclonal antibodies from rabbits which were immunized with cell-culture adapted FMD virus (A/CHA/09 strain) were used as detector antibody. On the nitrocellulose membrane of the immunochromatographic strip,the capture antibody was laid on a sample pad,the detector antibody was printed at the test line(T) and goat anti-guinea pigs IgG antibodies were immobilized to the control line(C). The lower detection limit of the test for a FMDV 146S antigen is 11.7ng/ml as determined in serial tests after the strip device was assembled and the assay condition optimization. No cross reactions were found with FMDV serotype C,Swine vesicular disease (SVD),Vesicular stomatiti svirus (VSV) and vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VES) viral antigens with this rapid test. Clinically,the diagnostic sensitivity of this test for FMDV serotypes A was 88.7% which is as same as an indirect-sandwich ELISA. The specificity of this strip test was 98.2% and is comparable to the 98.7% obtained with indirect-sandwich ELISA. This rapid strip test is simple,easy and fast for clinical testing on field sites; no special instruments and skills are required,and the result can be obtained within 15 min. To our knowledge,this is the first rapid immunochromatogarpic assay for serotype A of FMDV.

Soil respiration under three different land use types in a tropical mountain region of China

Soil respiration (SR) Wis one of the largest contributors of terrestrial CO_2 to the atmosphere.Environmental as well as physicochemical parameters influence SR and thus, different land use practices impact the emissions of soil CO_2. In this study, we measured SR, bi-monthly, over a one-year period in a terrace tea plantation, a forest tea plantation and a secondary forest, in a subtropical mountain area in Xishuangbanna, China. Along with the measurement of SR rates, soil characteristics for each of the land use systems were investigated. Soil respiration rates in the different land use systems did not differ significantly during the dry season, ranging from2.7±0.2 μmol m^(-2) s^(-1) to 2.8±0.2 μmol m^(-2) s^(-1). During the wet season, however, SR rates were significantly larger in the terrace tea plantation(5.4±0.5 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)) and secondary forest(4.9±0.4 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)) than in the forest tea plantation(3.7±0.2 μmol m^(-2) s^(-1)).This resulted in significantly larger annual soil CO_2 emissions from the terrace tea and secondary forest,than from the forest tea plantation. It is likely that these differences in the SR rates are due to the 0.5times lower soil organic carbon concentrations in thetop mineral soil in the forest tea plantation, compared to the terrace tea plantation and secondary forest.Furthermore, we suggest that the lower sensitivity to temperature variation in the forest tea soil is a result of the lower soil organic carbon concentrations. The higher SR rates in the terrace tea plantation were partly due to weeding events, which caused CO_2 emission peaks that contributed almost 10% to the annual CO_2 flux. Our findings suggest that moving away from heavily managed tea plantations towards low-input forest tea can reduce the soil CO_2 emissions from these systems. However, our study is a casestudy and further investigations and upscaling are necessary to show if these findings hold true at a landscape level.

The Freezing Precipitation over the Middle-Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River during February-March 2009

In this paper, the authors analyze the quasistationary fronts, surface conditions, and atmospheric stratification processes associated with a freezing precipitation event over the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, especially in the Dabie mountain during February-March 2009. The long duration of freezing precipitation was primarily caused by stationary and anomalous synoptic weather patterns, such as a blocking high pressure in the northern branch and a trough in the southern branch of the westerlies, which resulted in the encounter cold air from northern China and warm moisture from the south. The east-west-oriented, quasi-stationary front （or shear line） found in central China was mostly responsible for producing the precipitation. The warm layer and nearsurface frozen layer were located in the lower troposphere along the front zone. Although the warm layer （〉 0℃） existed along the whole front, a surface temperature less than 0℃ appeared only over the lower-middle reaches of the Yangtze River, especially in the Dabie mountain. Therefore, the surface temperature was the main influencing factor, as the freezing precipitation only happened over the Dabie mountain.

Impact of anthropogenic disturbance on species diversity and vegetation structure of a lowland tropical rainforest of eastern Himalaya, India

Impact of anthropogenic disturbance on species diversity and vegetation structure of a lowland tropical rainforest was studied in the foothills of Eastern Himalaya, India. Tree species richness,density, basal area and the diversity indices were found significantly(P<0.05) decreased with the increasing level of disturbances whereas, shrub density, basal area and herb density significantly increased with increasing disturbance level. In case of shrubs, Simpson's dominance index significantly(P<0.007) increased along the disturbance gradient,whereas Pielou's evenness index significantly(P<0.005) decreased with an increasing level of disturbance. Shannon-Weiner diversity index for herbs significantly(P<0.016) increased with increasing disturbance whereas, Simpson's dominance index was significantly(P<0.013) declined along the disturbance gradient. Results revealed that10-50 cm dbh classes constituted the highest stem density, and highest basal area was recorded in the >100 cm dbh class in all three sites. Density of the matured trees decreased with increasing DBH whereas, tree basal area tended to increase with increasing DBH in all three sites. Tree species richness was highest in the lower DBH classes.62.07% of the total tree species regenerated in the largely undisturbed site followed by 50% in the mildly disturbed and 26.32% in the highly disturbed site.The overall regeneration condition was found to be good in the largely undisturbed site. Mildly disturbed site exhibited fair regeneration and so was in the highly disturbed site. Discernable variations in species composition, diversity, regeneration and tree population structure revealed the impact of anthropogenic disturbances on rainforest vegetation dynamics. Higher degree of disturbance was furtherly found not only affecting species diversity but also promoting the growth of invasive weed species.Dominance of Hydnocarpus kurzii and Crypteronia paniculata in the highly disturbed site also indicated that these less-valued timber species may benefit from the vegetation mosaic produced by the disturbance; so differences in abundance of these species may be useful for bio-indication. Furthermore,present study suggests the need of adequate biodiversity conservation measures and adaptation of sustainable forest management approaches in disturbed areas of lowland tropical rainforest in the foothills of eastern Himalaya, India.

The plight and Countermeasures brought to the constructions of library literature by effect of college enrollment

This text introduces the concept of local literature and collection range, explains the significance of literature collection and explores building programs of local university library. Currently, university library generally put a strong emphasis on collection of academic literature, but has less attention on literature collections which reflect the situation of university location, or even worse, simply don＇ t launch business in this field. For the university library, it is a great loss of literature information resources, as well as a great regret of library work. First, what is the local literature？ It is literature data which document a region＇ s past and present issues like politics, economy, culture, education, history, geography and other aspects like important characters and events, customs, folklore etc.

Projected Changes of Palmer Drought Severity Index under an RCP8.5 Scenario

The potential change of drought measured by the Palmer Drought Severity Index （PDSI） is projected by using a coupled climate system model under a Representative Pathway 8.5 （RCP8.5） scenario.The PDSI changes calculated by two potential evapotranspiration algorithms are compared.The algorithm of Thomthwaite equation overestimates the impact of surface temperature on evaporation and leads to an unrealistic increasing of drought frequency.The PM algorithm based on the Penman-Monteith equation is physically reasonably and necessary for climate change projections.The Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model,Spectral Version 2 （FGOALS-s2） projects an increasing trend of drought during 2051-2100 in tropical and subtropical areas of North and South America,North Africa,South Europe,Southeast Asia,and the Australian continent.Both the moderate drought （PDSI ＜-2） and extreme drought （PDSI ＜-4） areas show statistically significant increasing trends under an RCP8.5 scenario.The uncertainty in the model projection is also discussed.

Urbanization and Flood Risk： Implication for Coping in Coastal Zones of Nigeria

This study looked at rapid urbanization and the flood risk it portends with a view to identifying mechanisms for coping in coastal zones of Nigeria. Flooding is one of the various ecological problems that has taken its toll on the quality of the environment, human health, and economic growth in parts of Africa and the coastal zones of Nigeria in particular. Rapid urbanization has been seen to result in changes in land use patterns which can adversely affect the hydrological processes in a catchment leading to a deteriorating water environment. warning systems are identified and discussed in the paper Structural and non-structural approach as well as flood early as flood risks coping mechanisms, It also discusses the policy implications that government through its relevant agencies must be up to its game by monitoring precursors, forecasting of probable floods and notification of alerts, It concludes and recommends that an active involvement of communities at risks is required and public education and awareness of risks should be facilitated through effective dissemination, as well as ensuring that there is a constant preparedness,

爱好和坚持，终能带你到想去的地方

漫长又慵懒的暑假开始了，又将有一大波学生朋友可以背上行囊去寻找诗和远方。作为一个再无暑假的工作狗，突然很想写一写自己大学期间积攒旅费的经历。

Hydration effects on crystal structures and equations of state for silicate minerals in the subducting slabs and mantle transition zone

There are potentially huge amounts of water stored in Earth's mantle, and the water solubilities in the silicate minerals range from tens to thousands of part per minion(ppm, part per million). Exploring water in the mantle has attracted much attention from the societies of mineralogy and geophysics in recent years. In the subducting slab, serpentine breaks down at high temperature, generating a series of dense hydrous magnesium silicate(DHMS) phases, such as phase A, chondrodite, clinohumite, etc. These phases may serve as carriers of water as hydroxyl into the upper mantle and the mantle transition zone(MTZ). On the other hand, wadsleyite and ringwoodite, polymorphs of olivine, are most the abundant minerals in the MTZ, and able to absorb significant amount of water(up to about 3 wt.% H_2O). Hence, the MTZ becomes a very important layer for water storage in the mantle, and hydration plays important roles in physics and chemistry of the MTZ. In this paper, we will discuss two aspects of hydrous silicate minerals:(1) crystal structures and(2) equations of state(Eo Ss).