火力发电厂掺烧地方煤的可行性试验分析

为了进一步降低发电成本 ,全面提高经济效益 ,针对华能丹东电厂锅炉的特性 ,以及锅炉在燃用不同的煤种所表现出来的一些问题 ,进行了全面的分析研究 ,根据所采用的不同煤种的特性分析数据 ,提出了合理的配烧方式及锅炉在燃烧过程中所应采取的措施 ,从而使锅炉在配烧地方煤方面取得了良好的效果 ,保证了锅炉的运行安全 ,提高了火力发电厂的经济性。

利用宁夏地方煤种生产合成氨造气型煤的思路和方法

本文以宁夏汝箕沟煤矿无烟粉煤为例,阐述了利用地方煤种生产合成氨造气型煤的思路、工艺流程和应注意的事项。

用地方煤代替大同煤制取煤气的措施

0 前言 我公司采用3M13型煤气发生炉和质量稳定可靠的大同煤制取混合发生炉煤气熔化玻璃,煤气的质量和产量都有保证。

燃用地方煤对锅炉稳定性和经济性的影响

从燃用地方煤对锅炉稳定性的影响、对制粉系统耗电率的影响以及对锅炉磨损等方面的分析和调整,判断出燃用地方煤对锅炉的燃烧稳定性是能够满足的,且通过调整热效率也达到较高水平。

山西地方自营煤出口的促销措施

1992年7月初,国家正式批准:从“八五”后三年起,每年从国家经营的山西地方煤炭出口计划中划出200万吨,由山西省直接对外成交,自营出口。在1993年山西开始自营地方煤炭出口时,国家规定不允许自营大同煤出口日本和全部自营煤种出口台湾省,而当时大同煤是我国出口主煤种,在日本、台湾省市场颇受欢迎。西欧煤炭市场需求虽大,但竞争激烈,价格偏低,主要由美国、南非、波兰、澳大利亚、加拿大等出口国垄断,亚洲煤难以进入。

山西地方自营煤出口情况分析

1992年7月初,国务院批准山西从1993年每年自营出口200万吨地方煤炭,现已近两年的时间。经过努力,山西地方自营煤出口已完全走出困境,取得了明显成效。本文通过对成绩、问题的分析,提出改进措施。

浅谈煤炭贸易公司的质量控制

介绍了山西焦煤集团国际贸易有限责任公司成立以来,克服了地方煤供应商多,购进煤炭点多面广,供应商素质参差不齐,通过严格煤质管理,以质量取信于用户,实现了煤炭销售的跨越式发展,取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益。

煤化工发展不会受煤炭量制约

2004年6月30日，国务院出台了以煤炭为主体、以节能为原则的《能源中长期发展规划纲要》，煤化工列入我国中长期能源发展战略的重点，全国拥有煤炭资源的地方煤化工项目出现“井喷”。而与此同时，2004年以来全国电煤出现缺口，26个省市拉闸限电，大量的煤炭被运往南部缺电省份。如今众多的煤化工项目先后上马，将来是否会受到原料制约?山西省规划初步确定3～5年内总体形成年产6Mt尿素、2Mt甲醇及其下游产品的生产规模，建成全国最大的尿素、甲醇生产基地。

Ф2800锥形造气炉改造浅析

随着山西优质块煤的越来越少，以劣质煤及地方煤为原料的造气是必然的趋势，在这种原料质量日益下滑的形势下，锥形炉问世了，由于其具有煤种适应强、不结疤、不挂壁、易操作等优点，近两年来的发展大有取代直筒炉的趋势，但各厂在改造（或新上）时由于种种原因，大部分没有达到预期的效果，现将我公司对Ф2800锥形炉的改造经验及认识叙述如下，以供同行在改造时做参考。

码窑的四项基本原则

俗话说＂七分装码,三分焙烧＂,这是因窑车上或窑室内的砖坯一旦码成坯垛,其是否好烧已基本定案,焙烧工只能提提风闸,投点煤,进行＂微调＂而不能改变坯垛,所以烧结砖厂不仅应重视＂烧窑师＂,更应重视＂码窑师＂,而对于内燃烧砖＂码窑＂更为重要。这是因为,砖坯一旦码好,什么地方煤多,什么地方煤少,什么地方通过的风多,什么地方通过的风少,哪个部位火行速度快,哪个部位火行速度慢,都已无法更改。

造气工段节能降耗的相关因素

1前言 为了企业的生存和发展，很多厂家改变了原料路线，如试烧劣质煤、型煤、小粉煤、地方煤，且通过摸索、探讨取得了很多经验，但就如何创新、优化设备和工艺条件以达到节能降耗目的，还有一部分企业存在误区，在此笔者谈谈自己的一些看法，以供参考。

Mode of occurrence of arsenic in high-As coals from endemic arsenosis areas in southwestern Guizhou Province, China

The use of high As-bearing coals has caused more than 3,000 cases of arsenosis patients in southwest Guizhou Province, China. The mode of occurrence of arsenic in coal is an important key role in understanding its behavior during usage and damage pathway to human health. Coal samples from endemic arsenosis areas were analyzed with INAA, EMPA, SEM-EDX, LTA, XRD, XAFS, and sequential leaching experiment. Arsenic in pyrite is from under the limit of EMPA to 1.75%, and in most cases, the content of arsenic is lower than 0.5%. Besides pyrite and arsenopyrite, SEM-EDX combined with LTA and XRD find that sulfates, clay and phosphates also contain arsenic. XAFS shows that arsenic mainly exists in the form of As^5＋. More than 50% of arsenic stayes in residual solid and combined with organic matrix in two samples, but most arsenic is leached out in other samples. The occurrence of such exceptionally high As contents in coal and the fact that the arsenic is dominantly organically associated are unique observations.

Reaction Kinetic Equation for Char Combustion of Underground Coal Gasification

Based on the quasi-steady-state approximation, the dynamic equation of char combustion in the oxidation zone of underground coal gasification (UCG) was derived. The parameters of the dynamic equation were determined at 900℃ using a thermo-gravimetric (TG) analyzer connected to a flue gas analyzer and this equation. The equation was simplified for specific coals, including high ash content, low ash content, and low ash fusibility ones. The results show that 1) the apparent reaction rate constant increases with an increase in volatile matter value as dry ash-free basis,2) the effective coefficient of diffusion decreases with an increase in ash as dry basis, and 3) the mass transfer coefficient is independent of coal quality on the whole. The apparent reaction rate constant, mass-transfer coefficient and effective coefficient of diffusion of six char samples range from 7.51×104 m/s to 8.98×104 m/s, 3.05×106 m/s to 3.23×106 m/s and 5.36×106 m2/s to 8.23×106 m2/s at 900℃, respectively.

Forward modeling to improve seismic reflection energy of a protective coal seam based on Zoeppritz equation

In seismic exploration for coal, seismic waves are very difficult to transmit downward because of high velocity protective layers, making the reflection information very hard to receive above ground. Based on the Snell law and the Zoeppritz equation, we studied the relationship between the incidence angle and reflection seismic wave energy using a forward model of level media. The result shows that the seismic wave energy has a sudden increase at the critical angle. Based on the energy propagation rule, using big offset to receive the seismic wave energy under a protective layer can effectively reduce its protection effect.

Quantification and assessment of fault uncertainty and risk using stochastic conditional simulations

The effect of geological uncertainty on the development and mining of underground coal deposits is a key issue for longwall mining, as the presence of faults generates substantial monetary losses. This paper develops a method for the conditional simulation of fault systems and uses the method to quantify and assess fault uncertainty. The method is based on the statistical modelling of fault attributes and the simulation of the locations of the centres of the fault traces. Fault locations are generated from the thinning of a Poisson process using a spatially correlated probability field. The proposed algorithm for simulating fault traces takes into account soft data such as geological interpretations and geomechanical data. The simulations generate realisations of fault populations that reproduce observed faults, honour the statistics of the fault attributes, and respect the constraints of soft data, providing the means to thereby model and assess the related fault uncertainty.

Research on dynamic updating of three dimensional geological modeling based on the OO-Solid model

The dynamic updating of the model included: the change of space border,addi- tion and reduction of spatial component (disappearing,dividing and merging),the change of the topological relationship and synchronous dynamic updating of database.Firstly, arming at the deficiency of OO-Solid model in the aspect of dynamic updating,modeling primitives of OO-Solid model were modified.And then the algorithms of dynamic updating of 3D geological model with the node data,line data or surface data change were dis- cussed.The core algorithms was done by establishing space index,following the way of facing the object from bottom to top,namely the dynamic updating from the node to arc, and then to polygon,then to the face of the component and finally to the geological object. The research has important theoretical and practical values in the field of three dimen- sional geological modeling and is significant in the field of mineral resources.

Technology of gas drainage and utilization in Huaibei mining area

With the characteristics of coal seam geology and gas occurrence,a'ground-underground' integrated gas drainage method was formed,which can relieve gaspressure and increase permeability by mining the protection seams in conditional regions.After coal seam gas drainage,high gas outburst seam was converted to low gas safetyseam.In the coal face mining process,safety and high efficient coal mining were realizedby the measure of gas-suction over mining.In addition to the drainage gas for civil gasand gas power generation,the Huaibei Mining Group has actively carried out research onthe utilization technology of methane drainage by ventilation.On the one hand,it can saveprecious energy;on the other hand,it can protect the environment for people's survival.In2007,the amount of coal mine gas drainage was 120 hm3;the rate of coal mine gasdrainage was 44%.Compared with the year 2002,the amount of coal mine gas drainageincreased by two times.Meanwhile,the utilization rate of gas increased rapidly.

Improved geologic surface approximation using a multiquadric method with additional constraints

Geologic surface approximation is profoundly affected by the presence, density and location of scattered geologic input data. Many studies have recognized the importance of utilizing varied sources of information when reconstructing a surface. This paper presents an improved geologic surface approximation method using a multiquadric function and borehole data. Additional information, i.e., inequality elevation and dip-strikes data extracted from outcrops or mining faces, is introduced in the form of physical constraints that control local changes in the estimated surface. Commonly accepted hypothesis states that geologic surfaces can be approximated to any desired degree of exactness by the summation of regular, mathematically defined, surfaces: in particular displaced quadric forms. The coefficients of the multiquadric functions are traditionally found by a least squares method. The addition of physical constraints in this work makes such an approach into a non-deterministic polynomial time problem. Hence we propose an objective function that represents the quality of the estimated surface and that includes the additional constraints by incorporation of a penalty function. Maximizing the smoothness of the estimated surface and its fitness to the additional constraints then allows the coefficients of the multiquadric function to be obtained by iterative methods. This method was implemented and demonstrated using data collected from the 81'st coal mining area of the Huaibei Coal Group.

Artificial Neural Network Model of Hydrocarbon Migration and Accumulation

Based on the dynamic simulation of the 3 D structure the sedimentary modeling, the unit entity model has been adopted to transfer the heterogeneous complex passage system into limited simple homogeneous entity, and then the traditional dynamic simulation has been used to calculate the phase and the drive forces of the hydrocarbon , and the artificial neural network(ANN) technology has been applied to resolve such problems as the direction, velocity and quantity of the hydrocarbon migration among the unit entities. Through simulating of petroleum migration and accumulation in Zhu Ⅲ depression, the complex mechanism of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation has been opened out.